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Model research on the effectiveness of separation technologies for water treatment
Hofmanová, Lucie ; Látal,, Milan (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the effectiveness of separation technologies for water treatment. The first theoretical part mentions types of pollution that can be found in surface water. Furthermore, the interparticle interactions affecting the stability of colloidal dispersions are discussed. The following is a description of the principle, procedure, mechanisms of coagulation and factors influencing this process. The chapter dealing with types of water treatment is followed by a more detailed description of the individual separation technologies used in the water treatment plants. The important passage in the theoretical part is the description of materials and reagents used in laboratory experiments. The coagulants nanoiron and sodium water glass are characterized, as well as Bayoxide E33, CFH 0818, FILTRASORB 100 activated charcoal and DORSILIT silicate sand. The experimental part of the thesis analyses the jar test procedure. The flocculation tester intended for the jar test was used for laboratory coagulation using nanoiron and sodium water glass. The effectiveness of selected coagulants in the removal of turbidity from water during sedimentation of flakes produced in reaction vessels was investigated. In addition, the effectiveness of individual filtering materials in the removal of turbidity from water containing nanoiron/sodium water glass was investigated. In the end, the results of laboratory tests are compared and evaluated, including photos taken during experiments.
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Water Treatment Plants Innovation Opportunities
Zelený, Zdeněk ; Biela, Renata (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with the possibilities of innovation process water treatment. Specifically, to explore the use of sodium water glass and nanoiron in removing heavy metals from raw water at the drinking water treatment. For the comparison was used traditionally used coagulant, particularly liquid aluminum sulfate. The introductory part deals with the possibility of modifying the surface water during the treatment process such water into potable water. This chapter is a description of the quality of raw water used, then the description of currently used separation processes. Furthermore, they are described and commonly used types of treatment plants. Conclusion The introductory section deals with traditional coagulants and form a suspension. Another part of this master´s thesis has been devoted to the possibilities of innovation in the treatment of raw waters as drinking water, describes the options and features of the use of water glass and nanoiron. The following section describes the experimental part of this thesis. It is followed by the experimental results. The last chapter summarizes the acquired knowledge and commented on the measured values of the experimental part. This work also shows several specific projects using innovative technologies presented.
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Oswald, Sascha (referee)
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Modifikace barvy dubových dýh a její vliv na kvalitu lepení
Rozboril, Tadeáš
This master thesis based on experimental evaluation is focused on colour modification of oak wood veneers and its impact on bonding quality. Experiments were conducted on nanoiron treated oak wood as well as on untreated oak wood. By the experimental means was evaluated influence of treatment on wetting angle, bonding of surface layer and possibilty of impregnation of selected wood veneers in whole volume. Chosen modification didn´t effect selected assembly by loss of bonding quality.
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Modifikace barvy dřeva nanočásticemi železa
Kmoníčková, Petra
This thesis clarifies the influence of the content of polyphenolic substances on the color change of oak and larch wood after the modification of surface by iron. The samples were modified by solution of iron nanoparticles at two different concentrations. After that the change of color components was determined. The analysis of polyphenols by Folin-Ciocalteu by spectrophotometric method was made for each sample and also dry matter in the extracts was determined. The final data were subjected to statistical analysis and correlation and regression analysis were performed. Statistically significant correlations for both species were found.
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Model research on the effectiveness of separation technologies for water treatment
Hofmanová, Lucie ; Látal,, Milan (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the effectiveness of separation technologies for water treatment. The first theoretical part mentions types of pollution that can be found in surface water. Furthermore, the interparticle interactions affecting the stability of colloidal dispersions are discussed. The following is a description of the principle, procedure, mechanisms of coagulation and factors influencing this process. The chapter dealing with types of water treatment is followed by a more detailed description of the individual separation technologies used in the water treatment plants. The important passage in the theoretical part is the description of materials and reagents used in laboratory experiments. The coagulants nanoiron and sodium water glass are characterized, as well as Bayoxide E33, CFH 0818, FILTRASORB 100 activated charcoal and DORSILIT silicate sand. The experimental part of the thesis analyses the jar test procedure. The flocculation tester intended for the jar test was used for laboratory coagulation using nanoiron and sodium water glass. The effectiveness of selected coagulants in the removal of turbidity from water during sedimentation of flakes produced in reaction vessels was investigated. In addition, the effectiveness of individual filtering materials in the removal of turbidity from water containing nanoiron/sodium water glass was investigated. In the end, the results of laboratory tests are compared and evaluated, including photos taken during experiments.
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In-situ reductive dehalogenation
Dvořák, Petr ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Nosek, Jaroslav (referee)
This master thesis is focused on groundwater remediation of chlorinated ethylenes and methanes in the area of chemical factory Spolchemie in the Czech Republic, Ústí nad Labem city. For these purposes nano zero valent iron particles were used. For the remediation two separate applications of different types of particles together in suspension with tracer (lithium chloride), were carried out. The results from the first application were evaluated by the supervisor of this thesis and are briefly summarized and discussed together with the second application which was evaluated by the author of this thesis. Second application of particles was carried out in October 2015 and observed for 424 days. Observation consisted of monitoring of groundwater level, physical-chemical parameters and collection of water samples for the analysis of concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons, their degradation products and several chosen ions. Nanoiron particles had the assumed effect onto the physical-chemical parameters and reduction of contamination. The application of tracer had proven the expected groundwater flow and made a possibility to distinguish between the process of reductive dehalogenation and dilution caused by the injected water, the dilution did not exceeded 5 % in most monitored points. Other...
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Oswald, Sascha (referee)
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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