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Effective proposal and operation of recycling line as an element in waste management
Dufka, Martin ; Janošťák, František (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the current situation of waste management of material usable municipal waste with focus on various fractions of plastics. The theoretical part summarises the legislation of waste treatment, also contains an analysis of the current situation of waste management in the Czech Republic and comparison the situation in the European Union. In the next part of thesis are described basic fractions of plastics and their properties. There are mentioned the current problems with plastics processing and the risks of leakage to the environment. Furthermore, a complex chain of plastic waste reprocessing is described, since the inception of plastics waste to the manufacture of products made from recycled plastics. The most attention is paid to the discription of recycling plant, where the output material from sorting lines is reprocessed into a secondary material in the form of flakes or granules. Also this part is focused on the technology of recycling line and the individual devices are described. In the practical part of the thesis is created techno-economic model of recycling line with the aim of its use for balance calculations of recycling and also economic evaluation. As a part of the model was made a market research of secondary raw materials with a focus on price development. Subsequetly, sensitivity analyzes of selected parameters are applied to the model and the impact of scenarios on the economic results are evaluated.
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Up-to-date off gas cleaning system for Medical Waste-to-Energy units
Kotas, Dan ; Krňávek, Martin (referee) ; Krejčí, Tomáš (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with current situation of medical waste management in the Czech Republic and it also analyzes the quality of existing units for thermal treatment of the medical waste. In the second part of the thesis, available off-gas cleaning methods were described as well as the emission limits for waste incineration, which correspond to the legislative regulations effective in the Czech Republic. These emission limits are considered as input data for off-gas cleaning system design. In the main part of this thesis, two technological solutions of off-gas cleaning methods for Up-to-Date medical waste incineration unit were designed. The unit is designed for energy utilization of 1400 tons of medical waste accumulated during one year in a regional hospital of model region. From given input parameters, two appropriate apparatus concepts were created. After that, both concepts were evaluated either form energetic point of view as well as from material one. From these evaluations, key apparatuses of both concepts were designed which provided necessary design dimensions for further investment price estimation of each individual key apparatus. In the conclusion of this thesis, the best solution of an off-gas cleaning method was picked according to the comparison of operating and investment costs.
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Energy use of waste
Novotný, Jan ; Špiláček, Michal (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with energy use of waste. The first part evaluates municipal waste as fuel. Its composition, properties and the impact of its combustion on the environment are analyzed. The second part describes waste management technologies such as recycling, composting, energy recovery and landfilling. In the third part there is a material balance of waste management in the Czech Republic.
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Waste Economy Management in the Company
Mlejnek, Tomáš ; Zapletalová, Zuzana (referee) ; Kocmanová, Alena (advisor)
This thesis analyze the current state of waste economy management in the company with aim for draft to put forvard for reuse, disposal and removal to minimize the cost of waste. First part gets on with classify the type of waste management, waste divide and utilization. Next part looks into the state of waste and production in company. The last part is based on previous and it is suggested for improvement in solution of the environment.
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Waste Incineration II: Flue Gas Cleaning Equipment
Albrecht, Jan ; Juřena, Tomáš (referee) ; Turek, Vojtěch (advisor)
Description of the thermal treatment methods dealing with wastes is a major concern of the present study. Emphasis is placed on equipment and methods for purification of waste gases created in the process of thermal destruction. Considering that the efficiency of flue gas treatment is dependent not only on the activity of flue gas equipment elimination, but is completely dependent on a whole unit of operating incinerators, we can not focus exclusively on the block of flue gas treatment. Therefore, in the study there are given a description and drawings of equipment for thermal processing of waste. First part of this thesis addresses the koncept the concept of "waste", its definition, classification and possibilities for treatment or recovery. The whole thesis is also written with emphasis on current legislation relating to waste and thermal processing.
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Utilization of pyrolysis for liquid fuels production
Hruška, Daniel ; Bělohradský, Petr (referee) ; Hudák, Igor (advisor)
The main content of this bachelor thesis is description of matters of the pyrolysis units. Whereas there is an emphasize on basic description of the function, methods and the chemical processes during pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis unit for waste tratment a biomass, comparisons of the advantages and disadvantages selected types of the pyrolysis unit and analyzing of the product gaining during pyrolysis. Thesis also present qualitative comparison of the pyrolysis products and the commonly used fuels. The last part of the thesis is bestowed to a simplyficated mathematical and chemical calculation for energetic efficiency of pyrolysis products and comonly used fuels.
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Waste Economy Management in the Company
Mlejnek, Tomáš ; Ing.Zapletalová Zuzana (referee) ; Kocmanová, Alena (advisor)
This thesis analyze the current state of waste economy management in the company with aim for draft to put forvard for reuse, disposal and removal to minimize the cost of waste. First part gets on with classify the type of waste management, waste divide and utilization. Next part looks into the state of waste and production in company. The last part is based on previous and it is suggested for improvement in solution of the environment.
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Circular economy and the goals of sustainability
Goswami, Sanya
In recent years, the idea of a circular economy has drawn more and more attention as a means of advancing sustainable development and minimizing waste. The conventional linear economy, which is founded on a "take-make-dispose" concept, is opposed by the circular economy. The circular economy, in contrast, is focused on the ideas of minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency by reducing, reusing, and recycling resources. This diploma thesis will give a general overview of the circular economy and some of its possible sustainability advantages. It will cover the main forces behind the circular economy, such as the lack of resources, environmental issues, and business potential. It will address the role of policy and legislation in creating a circular economy as well as the difficulties and hindrances to its implementation. Overall, the thesis will emphasize on the circular economy's potential to support sustainable development and advocates for further study and cooperation to advance this idea. A research agenda for advancing the circular economy will be presented, outlining the necessity of interdisciplinary study, empirical research, and policy intervention evaluation.
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Skládka jako centrum komplexního zpracování komunálního odpadu
Kubišová, Denisa
The bachelor’s thesis „Landfill as a centre of complex municipal waste processing” is focused on description and characteristic of the municipal waste land-filling and the waste management in general. Furthermore, a landfill and its place in circular economy are described. An analysis of waste production in the Czech Republic and its comparison to the other European countries follows. Eventually the thesis deals with the legislation and its latest actualizations. In the next part of the thesis landfill in Němčice nad Hanou is selected a for more precise and detailed description of its management, construction, waste processing, closing and recultivation.
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