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Role komunitní sestry v péči o novorozence, kojence a matky
SCHÖNBAUEROVÁ, Andrea
The main purpose of the research was to explore the role of the community nurse in the care of newborns, infants and their mother and how this kind of care could be included in the current system of preventive care for newborns and infants in the Czech Republic. The research was developed by qualitative and quantitative design. In the first stage of the research, interviews with nurses from the PLDD outpatient department and mothers of infants in the South Bohemian and Pilsen Regions were conducted. Non-standardized questionnaires for nurses and mothers were created from the obtained data. The statistical processing was carried out with MS Excel, where absolute and relative frequencies were calculated and the relationships among the variables at the significance level ? = 0.05 were tested by the use of the chi-squared test and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. For the needs of the qualitative survey, a research group of six mothers of infants and seven nurses from the PLDD outpatient departments in the South Bohemian and Pilsen Regions was chosen by deliberate selection. For the quantitative survey, a research group of 254 mothers of babies aged 12-24 months was chosen by deliberate selection. The research group of nurses was chosen by deliberate selection and consisted of 196 nurses working in PLDD outpatient departments for more than one year. Multiparas have provably more information at leaving the maternity hospital about breastfeeding techniques, breast milk pumping, nappy changing, hygienic care and bathing, dressing, sleeping, umbilical cord care, and safe handling of the baby. Information about the prevention of sudden infant deaths or the storage of breast milk is at the same level for primiparas as for multiparas. It was found out that there is a statistically significant relationship between the level of awareness and the occurrence of problems in the first year of the child's life. The personal experience of nurses with the visiting service has an influence on whether they attach importance to this service. The current model of preventive care of newborns and babies needs to be critically analysed and appropriately complemented by interventions of the visiting service.
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Historical development of nursing care in children in the CR.
LAZOROVÁ, Hana
The availability of the health care in the 19thcentury was not very good from the geographical and economical point of view because in the countryside the care was provided by less qualified people. The care of a child was mainly only at home. Mothers took care of the children on their own. They got information and experience from elder more experienced women in their surroundings. There are many myths and superstition related to the health care at this time. The culture of the society and the religious views influenced the treatment of children at that time. The paediatrics as an independent branch of science began to develop at the turn of the 19thand 20thcentury. In connection to this progress the attention was also focused on development of children´s health care. There were established first children´s departments and the care moved slowly to hospitals. The ways of the care of children changed during the historical development. A big progress in treatment of children was in the 20th century. The nursing schools and other hospitals were established. We can also register an increase in number of professional literature dealing with treatment and education of children of different age period. The consultancy for the mother and the child started to extend. The myths and superstitions were slowly forced out of information with scientific basis. The care of community was developed in the middle of the 20th century. It was a response to the bad availability of the health care in the country. In 80s of the 20th century has been introduced a new way of care of the mother and the child in maternity units, so called roaming-in that has functioned successfullytoday. The main priority of the children´s health care is to ensure good health care for children at all age, not only in hospital but also in the health. The goal of this thesis was to map the development of the health care at children´s age in the area of the Czech Republic. The research was based on the qualitative method. Acquired results through a content analysis data were divided according to particular periods of time. Mapping of the development of the health care at children´s age in the area of the Czech Republic may provide a complete view not only for nurses but for all medical staff and non-professional people.
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In-home visiting service as part of responsibilities of nurse working in general practitioners office
ŠUPLEROVÁ, Michaela
A significant benefit of the nurse?s visits in patient?s home is mainly the regard for patient?s private space. The patients recover better in home conditions than in hospitals or other social facilities. They are provided with individual care according to their specific needs. The economic factor is also important. The bachelor?s thesis focuses on the extent and benefits of nurse?s visits in a patient?s home and on findings expressing how the patients are satisfied with the services. The questions included in the survey are as follows: What is the extent of the service? Does the attendance in patients? homes mean any contribution for nurses working in the GP?s surgery and for the patients using these services? The research conducted for this thesis shows that the nurses employed in the GP?s surgery for adults who regularly visit their patients are familiar with the entire health documentation of the patients and their families, as well as their social conditions. This is why the care is more effective. Another important factor is a faster sequence of nursing and the following medical care. The patients know the nurse well, they trust her and thus they are usually more open towards her. The research also proves that the patients would prefer more visits of the nurses from their GP?s surgery even during the weekend. They find it discouraging that they are attended by the well-known nurse on weekdays, whereas at the weekend the care is provided by unknown nurses from home care agencies. Another important issue encompasses the demographic differences within the district of the GP for adults, the number of registered patients and the number of nurses employed in the GP?s surgery. The nurses are thus much busier and satisfy mainly the physiological needs of the patients whereas the spiritual needs are neglected. The practical output of the thesis is an information leaflet providing the patients with important facts on the visiting nurse service and its availability.
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Importance of home visits in primary child care
KARDOVÁ, Kateřina
I have focused my Bachelor Thesis with the topic of ``Importance of home visits in primary child care{\crqq} on the importance and frequency of home visits of health care workers and on the visits of social workers to the family within the program of family recovery. The first goal of my Bachelor Thesis is to map the frequency of home visits of health care workers during newborn and older period of the child. The second goal of my Thesis is to map the frequency of family recovery. I worked with the method of quantitative research at processing the Thesis. I used anonymous standardized questionnaire as tool. I handed out the questionnaires to parents of children in playrooms, mother centres and outside playgrounds. The hypothesis 1 states that the visit service of health care workers in the family is under 30% during the newborn and older period of the child. To verify the second hypothesis I processed the second questionnaire to be filled out by organizations performing family recovery. Also the second hypothesis stating that the method of social work {--} family recovery {--} is insufficient in the Czech Republic was confirmed. My Bachelor Thesis can be used as impulse to increase the frequency of home visits of health care workers, not only in case of children in newborn period but also in case of older children because the research shows that parents would be interested in such service. Within family recovery, this Thesis can be used to start working with the child and the child{\crq}s family in time, so that the family is recovered and the child can stay in his or her original family and need not be placed to some institutional care facility.
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The necessity of visiting duty of primary care nurses at children´s patients
ZAVADILOVÁ, Adéla
Visiting service is a lawful activity of nurses working in paediatric departments. During the visiting service there is a possibility to obtain valuable information on the child{\crq}s family and its background. A nurse recommends the parents how to prevent diseases or injuries at their children. A nurse also educates them about a suitable diet, hygiene and upbringing. During the visiting service there is enough time for parents to ask about their children{\crq}s prevention and upbringing. A community nurse can stand in for this post of primary care nurse as well. Such kind of nurses has not been initiated yet in the Czech Republic. The Ministry of Health is going to include this kind of nurses in general educational programme.
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Need visiting service of midwife near mothers in post partum period
BRABENCOVÁ, Iveta
Midwifes in visiting service are specialists for all problems, that annoy women and children in their lying-in. Full care of midwifes at mother{\crq}s house comes immediately after the medical care and provides health services trying to ensure well-timed and professional help. According to our law of health insurance is the care of midwifes provided usually 1 visit before and 3 visits after the birth of a child.
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