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Frekvence výskytu morfologických změn spermií hřebců v Zemském hřebčinci Tlumačov s.p.
Jakubčíková, Simona
Morphological evaluation of sperm has a long history and is an essential element analysis of semen, which provides breeders invaluable information to assess the health status of animal and its potential fertility. An important role is played by the percentage of healthy sperm due to abnormally developed. This value plays an important role in the usability of quality in breeding stallions. Stallion sperm intended for artificial insemination breeding mares in native form may not contain more than 40 % of defective sperm and the total amount of their activity should not be below 60 %. In the case of benefits intended for deep freezing is allowed only 20 % pathological forms of sperm. Activity selected for cryopreservation of semen should not fall below 80 %. The topic of the thesis was to determine the frequency of morphologic sperm defects in a group of stallions stud farm Tlumačov s.p., included in breeding season for 2013. Sperm morphology examination was performed on 72 samples of ejaculates collected from 12 stallions during the breeding season from May to August. For each stallion sperm activity was recorded of subjective method, immediately after collection, and the correlation was observed with respect to morphological abnormalities of the same sample. To investigate the morphological structure of sperm abnormalities were stained with two methods of cytological stain -- staining of B.T.Farelly and staining of Čeřovský. After staining the preparations were evaluated under a light microscope. Identified defects were divided into 6 categories - defects in the head, acrosome defects, defects of the neck, tail defects, abnormal forms of sperm and immature sperm. We studied a number of normospermia and total sperm pathology also expressed as a percentage. Another part of the analysis was a theoretical comparison of both the staining techniques with respect to suitability for the examination of morphological sperm abnormalities in stallions.
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Sperm morphology and motility in estrildid finches of the genus Lonchura
Šárová, Markéta ; Reifová, Radka (advisor) ; Frolíková, Michaela (referee)
Sexual selection plays an important role in the evolution of animals. Today we already know that it takes place not only before copulation (precopulatory sexual selection), but also after copulation. This type of sexual selection is called postcopulatory sexual selection, and occurs mainly in promiscuous species, where females mate with multiple males. In this case, sperm competition occurs in the female reproductive tract. To increase the likelihood of their reproductive success, males began to develop surprisingly diverse sperm adaptations at the morphological, physiological, or behavioural levels. These adaptations often affect sperm velocity (motility), which is a key factor for successful egg fertilization. However, the result of reproductive success can also be influenced by females, who may prefer sperm with a certain phenotype in the process of cryptic female choice, and thus, for example, obtain better genes for offspring. In some species, females even can have the ability to sort and store sperm in specialized organs in which the sperms are nourished for some time, and then used to fertilize the egg. Even in this case, the storage of sperm is often affected by sperm morphology. Due to these mechanisms of postcopulatory sexual selection, sperm are under strong selection pressure, which can...
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Frekvence výskytu morfologických změn u aviárních spermií (gallus domesticus)
Freislebenová, Jana
Bachelor thesis describes the sexual organs of chickens, the composition of semen and its properties, by the way of sampling and examination methods used to analyze qualitative indicators of the semen. Furthermore, the work deals with the morphological structure of the sperm and the impacts of potential abnormalities in sperm morphology to fertility of the cocks. In the following thesis will be acquired and subsequently processed results and conclusions of a systematic investigation of individual semen samples using investigative methods, focusing on pathologies in sperm morphology and frequency of thein occurrence.
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