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Evaluation of biosignals and quality assessment of heart assist devices
Kalužová, Adéla ; Vlk,, Daniel (referee) ; Bernard,, Vladan (advisor)
The first part of this bachelor thesis deals with technical problems of apparatuses for heart assistance Heart Mate II LVAD and Levitronix, which are connected with components of apparatuses, parametrs of apparatuses, function of apparatuses, indications and contraindications. In the next part there is description of various biosignals, which are measured according to application of heart support aparatuses. The next aim of this bachelor thesis is suggestion of evalution biosignals, which are monitored and collection of clinical data in which I will statistically evaluated the results and these results will be compared each other and with physiological values. The final aim of this thesis is a reflection of the advantages and disadvantages of the apparatus and discussion.
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New methods of in vivo monitoring and management of colonic anastomoses leak in experimental study
Kalvach, Jaroslav ; Pohnán, Radek (advisor) ; Kala, Zdeněk (referee) ; Klos, Dušan (referee)
The primary aim of the project was to assess two different minimally invasive techniques (Transanal minimally invasive surgical approach - TAMIS and endoscopic closure) in the treatment of colorectal anastomosis dehiscence on an experimental model. The secondary aim was to evaluate microdialysis (MD), and confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) as novel methods potentially suitable for postoperative monitoring of colo-rectal anastomosis. In the first step, large animal model of dehiscent colo-rectal anastomosis was developed. Two novel techniques of dehiscence closure were then compared with conventional surgical repair and laparotomy with anastomotic diversion. Thus 4 intervention groups and one untreated control group were included. Transanal repair using TAMIS and endoscopic closure were technically feasible with high healing rate. Both techniques reduced the incidence of intra- abdominal septic complications compared to control. With regards to secondary aim, colorectal anastomosis was monitored using MD and CLE before and after the induction of ischaemia. Moreover, intramural and serosal positioning of MD sensors were compared. Both methods revealed hypoperfusion of anastomosis promptly and were proven as suitable for early detection of impaired healing. Based on the results of this project, a...
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The role of the nurse in the system of early search for critical ill patients
BOUŠOVÁ, Adéla
The diploma thesis is focused on the role of nurses in the system of early search for critically ill patients in intensive care units. The Czech healthcare system still does not place the emphasis on the system of early search for the critically ill as it should. Knowledge of the issue can improve the quality of health care and reduce the mortality of critically ill patients who suddenly enter a life-threatening condition, but with knowledge of the issue, a life-threatening condition could have been prevented. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis consists of five chapters and several subchapters. The first chapter focuses on the critically ill, the second chapter on the monitoring of the critically ill, the third chapter on technical equipment in intensive care, the fourth chapter on the role of nurses in intensive care and the last chapter deals with the system of early search for critically ill patients. Three goals were set for the diploma thesis, namely to map the roles of nurses, how nurses are involved and whether they are educated in the issue of early search for critically ill patients. The practical part was processed by a qualitative survey in the form of semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed in the form of "paper pencil" by the method of open coding. The practical part was divided into four categories and then into subcategories. For clarity and clarity, the categories and subcategories have been visualized in diagrams. Based on the set goals of the diploma thesis, three research questions were set. The first research question dealt with the roles represented by nurses in the system of early search for critically ill patients. The second research question was how nurses are involved in the system of early search for critically ill patients. The third research question deals with the way of lifelong education of nurses in the system of early search for critically ill patients. The set goals of the diploma thesis were met.
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Monitoring of hemodynamics in the departement of Anesteziology and Intensive Care
ZMEŠKALOVÁ, Marie
Monitoring the haemodynamics serves for monitoring and evaluation of data from patient's cardiovascular system by using various technology. At the department of anaesthesiology and resuscitation, it is primarily a nurse who observes the monitoring of the haemodynamics, since she is present at the patient's bed for the whole time of the work shift. She operates and calibrates the invasive monitoring of the haemodynamics. I focused on this department to get the information straight from paramedical staff, about their awareness, abilities to solve the problems related to the haemodynamics and overall orientation. It is the mapping of knowledge of paramedical staff, about the monitoring of the haemodynamics at the department of anaesthesiology and resuscitation. It means to find out the difficulties of monitoring the haemodynamics at the department of anaesthesiology and resuscitation. The hypotheses: The knowledge of paramedical staff about the monitoring of the haemodynamics at the department of anaesthesiology and resuscitation is influenced by the length of professional experience. The knowledge of paramedical staff about the monitoring of the haemodynamics at the department of anaesthesiology and resuscitation is influenced by the education. The research question: What are the difficulties of monitoring the haemodynamics at the department of anaesthesiology and resuscitation? The group of respondents (105) and informants (5) consists of paramedical staff which works at the A&E. In the period between 20.4. - 15.5. 2020. The respondents were not limited neither by the age nor by the professional experience, except for the place of work. There will be used a qualitatively quantitative strategy of the research survey in the empiric part of the diploma thesis. All the research questions and hypothesis were answered by making and processing the research survey. Most of the questions were answered correctly and most of the paramedical staff have sense of their work in the area of the haemodynamics and they understand gained information, which they evaluate in favour of patients. This diploma thesis is dedicated to nurses within the examination of monitoring of the haemodynamics at the department of anaesthesiology and resuscitation. A handbook for newly arrived staff focusing on the monitoring of haemodynamics will be created based on the results of the research. This material will be suggested as a part of basic data for adaptation process.
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Nursing skills in monitoring and interpretation ECG
RÁSOCHOVÁ, Marie
The aim of this bachelor's thesis on the topic: "Nurses skills in scopes of monitoring and interpretation ECG" is to map the differences in nurses' skills in ECG monitoring and interpretation in different wards. From this goal, two hypotheses were established. First hypothesis: nurses' ECG monitoring and interpretation skills are dependent on education and the second hypothesis is that nurses' skills in the field of ECG monitoring are dependent on wards. In the theoretical part there was described the subject of monitoring and interpretation of the ECG, that consists of the description of anatomy and physiology of the heart with emphasis on the cardiac conduction system. Furthermore, there is presented the correct procedure of ECG monitoring, which is followed by strategies for the interpretation of ECG curves with description of common diseases, which are manifested by a change in the ECG curve. At the end of the theoretical part there are mentioned the most common errors in ECG monitoring. In the empirical part was used the method of quantitative research. Data collection was implemented by using a self-designed questionnaire, which contained a total of 29 questions- such as closed, semi-open and open questions. This questionnaire was completely anonymous and was intended for all general nurses from different types of wards with different levels of education. The results of the research point to different levels of skills in the field of ECG monitoring and interpretation, depending on education and the type of wards. According to the results of the research survey, it can be said that nurses with higher level of education have better skills in the field of monitoring and interpreting the ECG than nurses with lower level of education. At the same time, I also noticed that nurses from the cardiology ward and the ICU, ARO and emergency wards have better skills in this area than nurses from the standard and other wards. This bachelor's thesis could be used as a study material for nurses in practice, but also for students.
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Social Need and Their Saturation in the Treatment of Stroke
ČERVENKOVÁ, Eva
Medical staff should not forget on meeting the needs of the patients. Stroke is a disease that changes a person's role in society. When the disease occurs to the disruption of social needs, and this may worsen the course of treatment. Inadequate satisfaction of social needs in time of illness can lead to impaired adaptation of the patient to the society. Objectives: to Map the way in which the medical staff monitors and saturates the social needs of the patient after a stroke. Research question: How general nurses monitor the social needs of the patient after a stroke? What social needs are most often represented? How nurses help influence the saturation of these needs?
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ECMO in University hospital Pilsen
Zlochová, Lada ; Heczková, Jana (advisor) ; Jankovcová, Kateřina (referee)
The presented dissertation concerns of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adults within the University hospital in Pilsen. The ECMO has been used in Pilsen from 2011. The first part (theoretical one) illustrates in general the ECMO, a life saving method for a treatment of failured lungs or heart. The sites of cannulation, the management and monitoring of ECMO patient are then described. Possible complications as a result of ECMO application and its settlement are mentioned. The second part consists of a retrospective insight, which shows data of 43 ECMO patients for a period of three years 2011- 2013 in the University Hospital Pilsen and a questionary survey. The survey involves 83 non- medical healthcare workers, who are in charge of the ECMO patients, at three intensive care and resuscitation units where the ECMO is used. It finds out what do the medics know about the method. The outcome of this dissertation is a guideline of nursing care of an adult patient on ECMO and most common difficult situations and solutions, that could be faced in the course of nursing an ECMO patient. KEY WORDS ECMO support, heart failure, pulmonary failure, complication, knowledge
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New antithrombotics and laboratory tests for monitoring their effect
Hadravová, Jiřina ; Bártů, Iva (advisor) ; Neupauerová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor work follows up the comparison of new antithrombotics with the existing commonly used drugs. The theoretical part describes the individual drugs, their characteristics, indications, advantages and disadvantages. The work presents a comparison of the need for routine laboratory monitoring of individual drugs. The practical part of this work describes methods for the determination of the existing and new drugs and compare them. The work contains the results of measurements of new antithrombotics by the individual methods of determination. I compared the measured results of the commonly used methods with methods designed directly for the determination of new antithrombotics and I evaluate which routine methods can be used to approximate assessment of new preparations. The samples from patients treated with anticoagulant therapy and healthy persons provided the Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Motol in Prague. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Early postoperative care of the patient with the left ventricular assist device HeartMate II
Malá, Irena ; Hocková, Jana (advisor) ; Slabý, Josef (referee)
Author's name: Bc. Irena Malá School: Charles university, Prague 1st Faculty of Medicine Institut of Theory and Practice of Nursing Vídeňská 800, 140 59 Prague 4 - Krč Program: Health Care Administration Title: Early postoperative care of the patient with the left ventricular assist device HeartMate II Diploma thesis supervisor: PhDr. Hocková Jana, PhD. Number of pages: 170 Number of attachments: 41 Year: 2013 Key words: early postoperative care, hypotermia, blood transfusion, fluid resuscitation, perioperative cardiovascular dysfunction, pharmacologic support, ventricular assist device HeartMateII, monitoration, device, cardiac arrhythmias, ventilation management, postoperative anticoagulation, glycemic kontrol, renal insufficiency, nutrition, nursing, complications, physiotherapy, psychological aspects The occurrence of the heart failure is similar to an epidemic with high mortality. This fact, together with stagnate or even decreasing number of suitable donors, led to a need of replacing the heart pump activity with an artificial one. Mechanical cardiac support systems are sophisticated devices that are able to support a certain period of time or completely replace the function of the heart as a pump. The indications implantation of mechanical cardiac support is significant symptomatic heart...
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Evaluation of biosignals and quality assessment of heart assist devices
Kalužová, Adéla ; Vlk,, Daniel (referee) ; Bernard,, Vladan (advisor)
The first part of this bachelor thesis deals with technical problems of apparatuses for heart assistance Heart Mate II LVAD and Levitronix, which are connected with components of apparatuses, parametrs of apparatuses, function of apparatuses, indications and contraindications. In the next part there is description of various biosignals, which are measured according to application of heart support aparatuses. The next aim of this bachelor thesis is suggestion of evalution biosignals, which are monitored and collection of clinical data in which I will statistically evaluated the results and these results will be compared each other and with physiological values. The final aim of this thesis is a reflection of the advantages and disadvantages of the apparatus and discussion.
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