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Mechanisms of action of bisphenol A with emphasis on metabolism and fertility
Houška, Jakub ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Novák, Jan (referee)
Bisphenol A is an endocrine disruptor, a chemical which is found in environment and also in water and food consumed by people and which disrupts endocrine system of humans and other organisms. Being endocrine disruptor it has a wide scale of negative effects on human health. I have attempted reviewing the molecular mechanism of its action with special respect to obesity and reproduction in this paper including interactions of bisphenol with specific receptors, its impact on enzyme synthesis and also on epigenetic mechanisms as DNA methylation or changes in miRNA expression. Possible ways of elimination of bisphenol A effects are examined in the end of this work. Keywords bisphenol A, molecular mechanisms, obesity, fertility, receptor, epigenetic mechanisms, elimination of effects
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Autophagy as a key mediator of beneficial effects of caloric restriction
Kačinská, Irena ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Funda, Jiří (referee)
Caloric restriction has long been known in the scientific world as a life-prolonging condition, and there is growing evidence that the effect of activation of non-selective autophagy is responsible for these effects. In this thesis, the molecular mechanisms of autophagy in the state of caloric restriction will be described, as well as its beneficial effects on the aging of the organism and various health problems associated with aging and the modern way of life will be summarized. Some risks that could result from unprofessional intervention in one's own body will also be mentioned. It is hypothesized that practicing caloric restriction under the supervision of an expert brings prevention of diseases of civilization diseases and diseases associated with aging and prolongs quality of life, which would, among other things, help reduce the cost of health and social care. Keywords: Autophagy, caloric restriciton, molecular mechanisms
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