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Využití různých technologií zpracování půdy ke kukuřici v podmínkách zemědělského podniku
Daněk, Jan
The literature part of the bachelor thesis deals with soil characteristics, maize sowing and soil processing. In the soil processing chapter, the different soil processing technologies are divided and characterised. The bachelor thesis focuses on the comparison of four soil treatment methods - shallow loosening, deep loosening, medium loosening and plough-ing. A one-year semi-operational experiment was carried out on the land of Agrodružstvo Žimutice. The experiment was mainly focused on the comparison of yield from the differ-ent variants, but other parameters were also evaluated - number of plants per m2, grain moisture at harvest, protein and starch content, bulk density and HTZ. All data were ana-lysed from a one-year semi-operational experiment. The highest yields were obtained with shallow tillage and the lowest yields with deep tillage. However, the yields were not statistically conclusive. Statistical significance was observed for the qualitative parameters of protein content, bulk density and HTZ.
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Vliv různých způsobů zpracování půdy na její zhutnění
Chlaň, Filip
The bachelor thesis investigates soil compaction and changes in soil physical properties in different tillage systems. The experiments were based on heavy soil in a potato production area. Three tillage methods were used, the first was ploughing, then shallow tillage and chiselling. For each variant, Kopecky physical cylinders were taken and the penetrometric resistance of the soil was measured on two dates, after tillage and after spring barley harvest. From the Kopecky physical rolls, the reduced bulk density, porosity, minimum air capacity and soil moisture content were determined. Soil resistivity in the soil profile was determined with a penetrometer. Spring barley was then sown in the experiments and its yield was measured to assess the effect of tillage and possible compaction on this parameter. The results show a positive effect of minimization technologies on compaction resistance, whereas tillage was more prone to compaction according to the results. In the first term of measurement, better values of physical properties were recorded for ploughing, but in the second term, ploughing deteriorated. The minimization technologies showed similar values in the first and second measurement. However, the results showed that neither variant showed significant soil compaction with deterioration of soil properties. Similarly, the yield was not different between the variants.
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Možnosti uplatnění technologií zakládání porostů polních plodin do nezpracované nebo částečně zpracované půdy v zemědělském podniku
Výmola, Ivo
The bachelor thesis focuses on the design and possibilities of using of minimum tillage systems, specifically strip tillage technology with simultaneous injection of fugate from biogas plant into the soil profile for maximum utilization of this fertilizer. In the theoretical part, emphasis is placed on the introduction of conventional tillage and the types of minimum tillage systems and the evaluation of their advantages, but also their possible negative impacts. The practical part focuses on the evaluation of the current technology of soil tillage and establishment of maize silage crops and its economic evaluation and the design of a new technology of strip tillage with simultaneous application of this fertilizer to the soil profile. This practical part is based on data from the enterprise Zemědělská akciová společnost Nivnice. Finally, an evaluation of the return on investment and the benefits of this technology for the enterprise was carried out.
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Uplatnění technologií diferencovaného zpracování půdy při pěstování kukuřice
Mytyska, Václav
The theoretical section of this thesis addresses corn characteristics and growing. Subsequently, it describes particular tillage technologies dividing them into conventional mouldboard ploughing technology, minimum tillage and introduces strip-till technology as a separate chapter. The major part describes the founding and evaluation of a 2016 field trial for study of different tillage technologies in terms of impact on silage corn growth quality, yield and physical characteristics of soil. The trial was based on five different technologies in two terms - strip tillage, ploughing and minimum tillage with two distinct tools at three depths. For trial evaluation, following parameters were observed: plant count, weight and height, dry matter content and yield and soil penetrometer resistance. The trial outcomes are commented and compared with trial results of other authors.
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Vliv různých způsobů zpracování půdy na změny fyzikálních vlastností půdy
Hradilík, Hugo
This thesis studies the influence of different ways of soil tillage on changes in soil environment with focus on soil physical properties. In this work results from a long-term field experiment were assessed. As for physical properties, bulk density, total porosity and minimum air capacity were examined. The experiment took place at field experimental site of Mendel University in Žabčice. Soil physical properties of spring barley grown in monoculture and Norfolk four-course system after maize were studied. Two ways of soil tillage were compared – ploughing and shallow loosening. The results of measurements in 2016 and 2017 were applied. The results showed that conventional tillage using ploughing reduced bulk density and raised total porosity in contrast with minimum tillage. Conventional tillage raised minimum air capacity. Regarding shallow soil loosening, the positive effect of crop rotation in Norfolk system on bulk density and total porosity was proved. Ploughing in monoculture showed higher levels of minimum air capacity compared to the crop rotation.
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Vplyv rôznych spôsobov zakladania porastov poľných plodín a spracovania pôdy na zhutnenie pôdy
Fusek, Andrej
The thesis aims to analyze an impact of soil processing on its compaction and penetration resistance. The measurement was carried out in April 2018 on the gley fluvisols at the experimental station in Žabčice. Three methods of soil tillage were compared in a 7-field crop rotation. Resistance of the soil, as well as soil moisture, were measured at the same time. The course of the penetration resistance of each variant of the experiment is described. The differences between individual variants were found by using statistical and graphical evaluation. In some variants, harmful compaction has been reported.
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Vyhodnocení exploatačních parametrů vybraných pluhů v porovnatelných podmínkách
KUKLA, Martin
In this diploma thesis, there are described different types of soil tillage and options of their use. The thesis focuses on comparision selected plow in comparable conditions. Plows were compared by efficiency, possibilities of the type of rotation on headlands, fuel consumption and durability of wearing parts. For measuring were chosen lands with a slope as small as possible and with furrow that should be as long as possible to minimize distortion of the results.
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Vliv vybraných agrotechnických faktorů na stav půdní organické hmoty při dlouhodobém pěstování jarního ječmene
Šanderová, Pavla
The aim of the thesis is to make an evaluation of the impact of agro-technical factors (tillage, crop rotation), in the total amount of oxidizable carbon Cox (%) on a long-term grown spring barley. Measurements were carried out in 2014 and 2015, excluding these years from long series of observations. It is a stationary experiment in sugar beet growing region which runs continuously since 1989. The experiment has been established by Mendel University in Brno - Ivanovice in Hana on the cultivated land owned by Crop Research Institute, v. v. i. In Prague - Ruzyně. The observations were made in two rotations with 33.3% and 66.6% share of cereals. There were compared four variants of the tillage and samples were taken from three depths. The Cox monitored impacts were statistically demonstrated in all the variables (crop rotation, tillage and sampling depth). There was also found higher concentration of Cox in the crop rotation with 66.6% cereals representation. While tillage monitoring, the highest amount of Cox was seen by use of tillage equipment in the extent of 0,10 metres. On the other hand, the lowest amount of Cox was found by direct seeding into a soil. Also, it was found that the amount of Cox decreases with depth of sampling in both monitored years.
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Sledování utužení půdy na daném pozemku
VONDRÁČEK, Jan
In the thesis is discussed problem with soil compaction in the agriculture in the Czech Republic, causing of aspects of this phenomenon as well as a method suppressing this phenomenon and prevent its. In this work are also mentioned machinery and equipment and their possibilities editing to reduce the compression of the soil. There are also the results of field measurements, which were carried out during the season on land that has been processed by different technology in several of its parts and other measurements carried out occasionally in the Czech Republic to observe the state of soil compaction.
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Porovnání výkoností a spotřeb pohonných hmot v přípravě půdy
KUKLA, Martin
In Bachelor thesis threre is analysis the princip of activity of individual types of machines, which are designed to tillage and their effective use. In the thesis there is a question, which preparation of soil is the most suitable in connection with time, which is needed for manage work, demands for fuel and the final yield of harvested crops. For measurement there were created two land on one field, so the soil properties was the same. It means that there is a minimmum of distortion of measurement results
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