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Unjust enrichment in the Czech legal order
Pilík, Václav ; Švestka, Jiří (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee) ; Petr, Bohuslav (referee)
Václav Pilík. Unjustified Enrichment in the Czech Law. PhD thesis 1 Abstract This PhD thesis explores the legal institution of unjustified enrichment in the Czech private law. The subject is dealt in larger historical, theoretical and partly comparative relationships in order not to be reduced only to internal problems of the national regulation. A general view of unjustified enrichment (part one of this work), providing a systematic introduction to the problem, is hinder by different approaches, their overlapping and largely opened discourse on conceptual questions. Despite all that difficulties, found out by comparative legal studies of unjustified enrichment in the civil law and common law systems, it is necessary to undergo an attempt at expression of common features of the unjustified enrichment as a legal concept. Supposing that, we can describe three common features of unjustified enrichment: it is enrichment obtained at the expense of another and in a lawless way; the modern legal institute of unjustified enrichment rests on fragmentary historical basis, substantially completed by national factors of legal development (legislation, justice and doctrine); the enrichment is viewed as objective fact (at least in certain states of facts). Legal development of unjustified enrichment runs differently in...
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Unjust enrichment in the Czech legal order
Pilík, Václav ; Švestka, Jiří (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee) ; Petr, Bohuslav (referee)
Václav Pilík. Unjustified Enrichment in the Czech Law. PhD thesis 1 Abstract This PhD thesis explores the legal institution of unjustified enrichment in the Czech private law. The subject is dealt in larger historical, theoretical and partly comparative relationships in order not to be reduced only to internal problems of the national regulation. A general view of unjustified enrichment (part one of this work), providing a systematic introduction to the problem, is hinder by different approaches, their overlapping and largely opened discourse on conceptual questions. Despite all that difficulties, found out by comparative legal studies of unjustified enrichment in the civil law and common law systems, it is necessary to undergo an attempt at expression of common features of the unjustified enrichment as a legal concept. Supposing that, we can describe three common features of unjustified enrichment: it is enrichment obtained at the expense of another and in a lawless way; the modern legal institute of unjustified enrichment rests on fragmentary historical basis, substantially completed by national factors of legal development (legislation, justice and doctrine); the enrichment is viewed as objective fact (at least in certain states of facts). Legal development of unjustified enrichment runs differently in...
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Carbon tax (tax on CO2 emissions) in EU Member States: Study 2.095
Palán, Josef
Studie se zabývá uhlíkovou daní (daní z emisí CO2), patřící mezi nepřímé daně, kterou se zdaňují emise CO2, vytvářené spalováním fosilních paliv (uhlí, minerálních olejů, plynu). Uhlíková daň se uvaluje na fosilní paliva a její výše je obvykle odvislá od množství CO2, které vzniká při spalování pohonných hmot nebo při výrobě tepla určeného k vytápění nebo k průmyslovému užití a v některých státech je sazba daně částečně odvislá i od energetického obsahu.
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