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Land use GIS in a selected municipality
Sekanina, Michal ; Plánka, Ladislav (referee) ; Bartoněk, Dalibor (advisor)
The thesis content study of land use in municipality Lelekovice and its connection with software for geographic information system. It describes processing data especially historical cadastre maps, archival aerial imagery and orthophotos which were used for analyzing of this area. Analysis were performed in software ArcGIS. Appendixes of thesis are graphs and visualization of development of study area.
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Extraction of Landscape Elements from Remote Sensing Data
Ferencz, Jakub ; Kalvoda, Petr (referee) ; Hanzl, Vlastimil (advisor)
This master thesis deals with a classification technique for an automatic detection of different land cover types from combination of high resolution imagery and LiDAR data sets. The main aim is to introduce additional post-processing method to commonly accessible quality data sets which can replace traditional mapping techniques for certain type of applications. Classification is the process of dividing the image into land cover categories which helps with continuous and up-to-date monitoring management. Nowadays, with all the technologies and software available, it is possible to replace traditional monitoring methods with more automated processes to generate accurate and cost-effective results. This project uses object-oriented image analysis (OBIA) to classify available data sets into five main land cover classes. The automate classification rule set providing overall accuracy of 88% of correctly classified land cover types was developed and evaluated in this research. Further, the transferability of developed approach was tested upon the same type of data sets within different study area with similar success – overall accuracy was 87%. Also the limitations found during the investigation procedure are discussed and brief further approach in this field is outlined.
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The influence of landscape changes on erosion and runoff
Uhrová, Jana ; Toman,, František (referee) ; Váchal,, JAN (referee) ; Dumbrovský, Miroslav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the influence of land use changes on erosion and runoff conditions. For the purpose of the evaluation, two catchments with different areas and pedological characteristics were selected (the catchment of the river Luha and the catchment of the Hubenov reservoir). In these catchments, a comparison of 26 selected land covers was conducted. The individual land covers were evaluated first in four seasons of the 1950s and 1990s, second according to the today's status of landscape by means of a detailed yearly evaluation conducted between 2002 and 2013, and third according to a land cover conceptual design. Analyses of not only land cover, but also geomorphological, pedological and hydrological conditions were carried out for both of the catchments by means of geographic information system (GIS) tools. The quantification of soil loss was performed by means of two methods – the method USLE with the use of ArcGIS program and the soil loss model WEPP. The crucial factor of the runoff evaluation of the preset end profiles with respect to the formation of concentrated runoffs and their catchment areas was the hydrological model DesQ-MAXQ. The selected land cover scenarios of the river Luha were then exposed to the conditions of a real rainfall that occurred in 2009 and that resulted in floods in the area. Furthermore, a rainfall-runoff model was created for this catchment area in HEC-HMS; the land cover scenarios were again subjected to the above-mentioned real rainfall. The land use changes of the catchment area of the reservoir Hubenov were assessed also with respect to the concentration of substances in the profiles studied.
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Evaluation impact of the landscape structures on erosion and runoff conditions in given catchment area
Švandová, Tereza ; Sobotková, Veronika (referee) ; Dumbrovský, Miroslav (advisor)
The aim of this Thesis is to determine the impact of landscape change and erosion in given watershed. This case is evaluating Kamenec cadastral area. Changes in crops and spatial distribution of the fields are evaluated first in 1954, when the monitored area was without agricultural cooperative farms and land was used in a smal land parcels. This was compared to the evaluation in 2015 when land was part of agricultural cooperatives and was used in large units. The changes in landscape and its use were imense. Land exploatation, heavy machinery and non conservation cultivation led to its soil compaction and deterioration of the K factor.To evaluate soil losses I used a method USLE and program ArcGIS
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Changes in landscape in the catchment of water-supply reservoirs Švihov and Vír I
Červeňanská, Karolína ; Lipský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of landscape changes using the index of change and the index of development in the catchments area of our two key water reservoirs Švihov and Vír I using CORINE Land Cover and LUCC Czechia data from the time of their building to the present, with a particular focus on the landscape changes in particular protection zones. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the reservoirs, the legislative background of water protection and the interaction between water reservoirs, landscape and people. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the concept of landscape and especially with the development of landscape and population in our country from the middle of the 19th century to the present. The importance of the two reservoirs is also described, including their physical-geographic characteristics and the history of the delineation of the protection zones in their catchment areas. In the practical part, the observed time horizons, the selected territorial units and their delimitation within the protection zones are specified in more detail. In the chapter of Results, the observed changes in landscape cover, land use and population are described, both for the entire catchment area and in more detail for the particular protection zones in all the periods studied. The...
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Precipitation and water runoff in the catchment with mosaic of arable land, forests and built-up areas
SCHWARZOVÁ, Monika
This thesis examines the influence of land cover and land use on rainfall-runoff patterns in small catchments. The literature review presented the rainfall-runoff process in general, runoff and the factors that influence runoff. In the practical part of the thesis, the different months of the 2018 study period were presented and converted into graphical form and the differences in rainfall-runoff ratios for two delineated small catchments with significantly different landscape cover were discussed. Specific surface water runoff from catchments with purely forest cover and catchments with a mosaic of cropland, forest, grassland and built-up areas were compared. Runoff responses to rainfall events were also monitored. Measurements of water level in the watercourse with an ultrasonic water level sensor and measurements of water velocity in the watercourse with a hydrometric propeller were used to calculate specific runoff rates. A boat rain gauge was used to measure precipitation. The results showed that the specific runoff from watersheds with forest cover is generally lower and slower due to interception and increased surface roughness compared to runoff from watersheds with a mosaic of cropland, forest, grassland and developed areas. Forest cover in the catchment reduces and slows runoff, particularly during shortterm significant rainfall episodes, and helps to maintain stable runoff from the landscape during drought episodes. In general, the results indicate the importance of vegetation in the landscape for its hydrological characteristics. Finally, modifications to improve the conditions in these small catchments were suggested.
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Changes in the coverage and orography of the 4th order basin in relation to the construction of the motorway evaluated from Sentinel-2 satellite data and aerial LiDAR data
ŽŮČEK, Petr
This research is focused on changes of land cover and orography in fourth order river basin. For this purpose, satellite multispectral Sentinel-2 data and airborne LiDAR data were used. The main goal of this work was to verify to which extent can free and publicly available Sentinel-2 data be used to assessment of landscape changes for the use of land planning. To verify the goal the timeseries of the Sentinel-2 satellite data was used for the assessment of the land cover in a relation to the construction of the D3 highway on the selected area. Sentinel-2 data were downloaded, resampled, and classified. Maximum Likelihood method of supervised classification was used. The categories of land cover were created using training areas in the ArcMap software. The accuracy of the classi-fication from 22. 09. 2020 was verified using validation points, which were generated randomly. By field survey classes of land cover were defined. From final classification data, new data about the change of land cover were obtained. The LiDAR data were resampled to the same spatial resolution and differences were evaluated. Areas with significant variances in orography were retrieved. From LiDAR, drainage network models were created. The results of models were compared and discussed. The results of comparison of Sentinel-2 data from 2017 to 2020 shows significant increase in representation of areas with sparse vegetation by 46,39 ha and areas with grass and shrub vegetation by 38,39 ha. Furthermore, there was an increase in meadow areas by 7,02 ha and forest clearing by 1,95 ha. The representation of arable land was decreased by 34,78 ha, forests by 29,05 ha, water areas by 12,12 ha, urbanization by 13,39 ha and areas with ongoing construction by 4,38 ha. The results of Li-DAR data comparison showed several areas with significant orography alteration. The compari-son of drainage network models revealed a distinct variation. Significant part of the runoff water flowed into the neighboring 1-06-03-0030 basin. After the recultivation of former waste pond, divided parts of the Hodějovice stream water gate were connected and the water from the whole basin ends in an outlet of the basin on which this research is focused on. The overall accuracy 0,914 and Kappa coefficient of 0,902 show that used ap-proach of Sentinel-2 data processing provides with sufficiently spatially and themati-cally accurate classification of land cover, apart from the area of urbanization. Classi-fication in built-up area had the user-accuracy of 0,867. Data obtained from Sentinel-2 may be used in several parts of land planning. It is also possible to use them for: updates of land usage, determination of actual growth condition, monitoring of forest complexes or for monitoring of recultivations. LiDAR data may be effectively used for the monitoring of orography variations, modelling of drainage network models, and determining of critical points.
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Possibilities of using satellite data Sentinel-2 in landscape planning
TOMS, Petr
The diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of land cover changes and characteristics of humidity in the Dobřejovický stream basin, using Sentinel-2 data. The aim of the work was to find out how the obtained results can be used for landscape planning. The first part of the thesis deals with the literature search, which is based on the principles of remote sensing, electromagnetic spectrum, spectral expression of objects, multispectral data and and satellite data Sentinel-2, provided by the European Space Agency. The practical part contains the description of the area of interest, the methods used in processing Sentinel-2 data. An important part is focused on the classification of data from which the outputs are created, the results are interpreted and the evaluated accuracy of the classification of land cover changes. Furthermore, the practical part is devoted to the calculation of vegetation indices, thanks to which we can obtain information about humidity characteristics. Part of the work also points to the usability of the obtained results in the forms of landscape planning.
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Evaluation of the data and methods of Land use, Land-use change and Forestry (LULUCF)
Langer, František ; Štych, Přemysl (advisor) ; Švec, Pavel (referee)
The hereby-submitted bachelor's thesis addresses the topic of reporting of land use under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change (IPCC), so-called Land Use, Land-Use Change And Forestry (LULUCF). Under LULUCF, the state and development of surface areas in the following categories are inventoried and reported: Forest Land, Cropland, Grassland, Wetlands, Settlements and Other Land. In the Czech Republic, LULUCF is reported on the basis of cadastral data. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the accuracy of cadastral data - attributes of land plots and the way of land plot - for the purposes of LULUCF reporting on the area of Petříkov cadastral territory. In-situ survey, orthophoto and the map of RM 10 layer were used for the research. As part of this work, a table was created, according to which the specific type and method of land use can be converted from cadastral data into LULUCF categories. Key words: land cover, land use, LULUCF, Petříkov, spatial data
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