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The importance of greenery in the city
Svobodová, Lucie ; Blasinski, Petr (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the problematics of urban pollution. Mainly on the impact of human activities and their consequences. Its main intention is to analyse an urban greenery system and its effect on the quality of life in both a positive and negative ways. Furthermore the diploma thesis researches the indicators of contamination, the sources of emission and their quantity at the location. The work comperes the individual indicators and the results of emission measuring. Then it proposes a suitable solution for better urban space planning with urban greenery.
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Research of Systems for Providing the Quality of the Environment in the Car Cabin
Šíp, Jan ; Kavička, František (referee) ; Volavý, Jaroslav (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
Optimal conditions of indoor environmental quality, especially thermal comfort and indoor air quality, are important because they lead to the active safety of passengers. Long-term exposure to inconvenient temperatures may cause thermal stress and negatively affects the driver’s cognitive functions. These include important abilities of drivers, such as concentration, vigilance, speed of decision-making and others. The inappropriate temperature in the cabin is one of the most dangerous factors causing car crashes. Air indoor quality is negatively affected by exhaust gases or particles from tire wear, which enter the car cabin during ventilation. This can be prevented by using an air recirculation system which does not supply outside air, but it is a closed circuit. This mode, however, causes high CO2 concentration in the cabin which can lead to excessive fatigue. This thesis deals with the influence of different ventilation systems on indoor environmental quality, i. e. thermal comfort and indoor air quality. A partial factor of thermal comfort is the flow field which was investigated downstream of a benchmark automotive vent. CFD was applied to determine the flow field downstream of a vent. The results were validated by experimental data acquired by Constant Temperature Anemometry. CFD has been also used for the evaluation of the thermal comfort of three novel ventilation systems (mixing, ceiling and floor ventilation). The results were validated by experimental data acquired by thermal manikin and climate chamber. Indoor air quality has been evaluated based on the Age of Air. The analytical empirical equation by Rajaratnam can be successfully used also to determine the throw of the jet, which is favorable, especially in light of the fact that both computational methods were not very accurate in velocity decay predictions. The Large Eddy Simulation and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes method are suitable for evaluating the flow field downstream of the automotive vent. The diagrams of comfort zones were evaluated for all regimes based on equivalent temperatures. The best performance in terms of the highest level of human comfort was achieved by the ceiling ventilation in the summer conditions and by the floor ventilation in the winter conditions. From the point of view of the Age of Air, the ceiling air ventilation system is the most suitable for the winter conditions. In the summer conditions the Age of Air values for individual air ventilation concepts are very similar for both interior types.
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The importance of greenery in the city
Svobodová, Lucie ; Blasinski, Petr (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the problematics of urban pollution. Mainly on the impact of human activities and their consequences. Its main intention is to analyse an urban greenery system and its effect on the quality of life in both a positive and negative ways. Furthermore the diploma thesis researches the indicators of contamination, the sources of emission and their quantity at the location. The work comperes the individual indicators and the results of emission measuring. Then it proposes a suitable solution for better urban space planning with urban greenery.
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Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as bioindicator of natural and anthropogenic habitats
SPITZER, Lukáš
The ground beetles are one of the most worthwhile model groups of organisms for the indication of quality of environment due to their advantages such as simple identification, well known ecology of most species and described distribution. In this thesis I present the suitability of assemblages of ground beetles to evaluate the conservation value in two types of environment: (1) open forest in medium and lower altitudes, (2) post-mining biotopes as quarries and black coal dumps. I also discuss possible limitation of ground beetles as valid bioindicators and I recommend multi-taxonomical approach in ecological studies.
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