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The effect of elicitors on the secondary metabolites production in vitro cultures -I.
Damaskinos, Antonios ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Active compounds have been always originated from plants. Plants though, were able to produce only very low amounts of them and that was the reason for trying many alternative ways of production, one of them being plant tissue culture cultivation. This method is any fragment of living tissue or organ taken from an intact plant or an already existing explant culture, with the intention of growing an artificial growth medium. Even this method though, is not able to produce large amounts compared to extraction from field plants. Elicitation is considered a possible way to increase the production of secondary metabolites. This method used the plant's own defense system, in order to increase the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. The compound which is used to produce the effect is called elicitor. During our experimental work I used as an elicitor the compound Ethephon (2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid) upon callus and suspension cultures of Hypericum perforatum, with intention to observe its effect on flavonoid production. This experiment was based on three different concentrations and six different withdrawal times, being 6, 12, 24, 72, 168 hours. The maximum effect of elicitor was reached with concentration c1 (1mg/100ml) after 12 hours and with concentration c3 (100mg/100ml) after 72 hours.
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Floricultural utilization of Dionaea muscipula and its in vitro culture
Danko, Jiří ; Augustinová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Lucie, Lucie (referee)
This work focuses on the proper foundation of the Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ell.) culture under in vitro conditions. The hypothesis of this paper is that the solution of Savo containing sodium hypochlorite will be able to sterilize effectively seeds of Flytrap without damaging them at certain concentrations.
This experiment was founded in three repetitions in two locations - in the Prague Botanical Garden, where one repetition was founded, and at the Department of Horticulture at the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, where two more repetitions were founded.
The seeds were treated in five solutions of Savo Original namely concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 % with the addition of soaking agent Trend 90 and planted on 1/2 MS medium where plants were grown for 4 months and then transplanted on the same medium for another 4 months. Cultivation was carried out under light conditions 16 hours of light, 8 hours of dark.
During the cultivation the formation of contamination was monitored after the foundation of the culture, and also the number of germinated seeds and the number of plants with developed phyllomae. Also the qualitative appearance and the mass of plants were evaluated.
The results show that all solutions of Savo are effective enough for sterilizing seeds for in vitro culture. Influence of individual solutions on the development of germination is statistically significant at two solutions - 15 and 20% solutions of Savo. In these solutions, the development of germination is much faster than the other. On the final number of germinated seeds nor the mass of plants, these 2 solutions didn't have a statistically significant effect.
During cultivation, there were occurred some interesting phenomena - spontaneous multiplication of plants, production of polyphenols, flowering of explants, chlorosis and vitrification of tissues.
After the previous cultivation, the plants were transferred to non-sterile substrates. Variants of substrates were perlite, peat and perlite in the ratio 2:1 and pure peat. Before cultivation, substrates were treated with a fungicide Previcur Energy. High humidity was ensured during the cultivation. For these conditions the mixture of peat and perlit seems to be the most suitable because of minimum losses.
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