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Zhodnocení mléčné užitkovosti kozy bílé krátkosrsté ve vybraném chovu
ČECHOVÁ, Pavla
Goats in the Czech Republic are currently bred for the production of milk and meat. Goat milk is a valuable food and therefore there is a growing interest in it. The aim of this work was to evaluate the milk yield in the White Shorthair Goat breed in the chosen breeding station. This work was focused on milk yield, the amount of fat, protein and lactose in goat milk. The data obtained from the milk yield control were compared with national averages and with the literature. The average milk yield on the selected farm was higher in comparison with the national average values of milk yield for the White Shorthair Goat. Furthermore, obvious differences in fat and protein content were found, while no differences were found in lactose content. Data from the milk yield control from 2016 - 2018 were used for evaluation. All obtained data were processeed in Microsoft Excel
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Etologické pozorování životních projevů kozy bílé krátkosrsté
Šebestová, Marie
This thesis is focused on the ethological behavior of the White Shorthaired goat. At the beginning there is information about the goat population in the Czech Republic, a description of the historical ethology development as a scientific discipline and it's divisions and also possibilities of ethological observation and ethological testing. Basic types of animals’ behavior and welfare together with ethological behavior of the goats, taxonomical classification and domestication is described. The main part of the thesis is devoted specifically to the ethological observation of the white shorthaired goat. This observation was focused on the different activity of kids and adult goats. The most frequent life expressions of both observed groups were grazing and walking on a grazing area aimed at finding tastier plants. On a smaller scale adult goats were ruminating when laying and relaxing, whilst kids were more focused on social contact like playing games and nibbling tree bark and other items. The least observed activities done by both adults and kids were drinking and excretion.
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Analýza užitkovosti v ekologickém chovu koz
Berková, Veronika
The goal of this thesis is the analysis of the milk yield on a particular organic farm breeding goats. The milk yield was monitored and evaluated in the control range 2015-2017. The data was obtained from the yield checks carried out by SCHOK (Association of Goat and Sheep Breeders) and from the farm's own records. The testing was run on 526 White Shorthaired goats yielding 760,08 kg of milk for standard lactation with a fat content of 3.4% in 2017. There has been a trend of rising milk yields on the farm since 2015 when the yield reached 627.77 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.02%. This trend was statistically highly potent (P<0.01), as well as the protein content (%) in milk which has dropped from 2.97% to 2.73% during the the same period of time. In addition, 184 goats on the 1st lactation and 177 goats on the 2nd lactation belonging to 16 father lines were evaluated. These lines were compared to each other by individual milk yield indicators. In the lactose content (%) the Krasus line dominated (4.83%) which showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05) compared to the Molch and Emil lines whose lactose content was the lowest (4.51% and 4.53% respectively). The 2nd lactation testing evaluated the number of somatic cells in the milk, with an average value of the group monitored being 1543.12 thousand of somatic cells per one mililiter. The highest number of the SC was measured in the Bera line (4437.17 thousand SC/ml) with statistical conclusiveness (P<0.05) compared to Bernd (758.5 thousand SC/ml), Curt (858.42 thousand SC/ml), Zub (444.24 thousand SC/ml), and Zuzek (696.77 thousand SC/ml) lines which reached the lowest values. In other observed milk yield parameters, the lines on both lactations showed marked differences in the values achieved but they were not statistically proven.
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Vyhodnocení úrovně mléčné užitkovosti v chovu koz na farmě Bílsko
MAJTÁNOVÁ, Lenka
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate milk production levels of goats on the ecological farm Bílsko. The thesis analysed selected factors influencing goat milk production, especially the quality and quantity of feed and the age composition of herds. In order to assess the milk production, a data set from the primary breeding records from 2012 to 2016 was used. The milk production on the farm increased at that time. The milk production reached 417 kg in 2012 and then 437 kg in 2013, 555 kg in 2014, 633 kg in 2015 and 648 kg in 2016. The thesis also evaluates the content of milk constituents, that is fat, protein and lactose. In 2012 the milk consisted of 3.88% fat, 13% protein and 4.4% lactose. In 2013 it contained 3.29% fat, 3.23% protein and 4.4% lactose. In 2014 the milk contained 3.26% fat, 3.17% protein and 4.4% lactose. In 2015 the fat content decreased to 2.79% and the protein content decreased to 2.98% while lactose reached 4.5%. In 2016 the fat content again decreased to 2.53% and the protein content decreased to 2.83% while lactose increased to 4.71%. The milk production results in the selected herd were compared with national data. Based on the obtained data, the conclusion provides measures that would increase the milk production. These include mainly reducing the number of goats, removing old goats from breeding and improving feed rations.
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Effect of feeding flaxseed on the quality of goat milk fat
Malá, Kateřina ; Fantová, Milena (advisor)
Type of feed, its quality, form of adjustments and feeding technique influence the composition and quality of milk. The share of milk components is highly variable, depending on nutrition and animal health. The greatest changes occurring in milk fat content. Milk fat is responsible for the natural flavor of milk. However, in terms of the modern world, human, saturated fatty acids contained in milk fat is considered negative active ingredient with the subsequent development of cardiovascular disease and the development of atherosclerosis in humans. Currently, therefore a growing demand for polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk as a healthy alternative. For this reason, an effort to influence the composition or the content of fatty acids in the milk of dairy animals. One way to significantly increase the content of desired MUFA and PUFA acids in milk fat is the use of oils and oilseeds in the ration. Very positive influence flaxseed, which among other things contains high levels of linolenic acid.
The aim of this work is to analyze and evaluate the milk fat of goats, which are fed with linseed in extruded form compared with a control group of goats without complementary food. It can assume that feeding flaxseed to increase milk fat content, including omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
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Effect of breed and storage on goat milk quality
Hončíková, Barbora ; Potůčková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Michaela, Michaela (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis was in theoretical part to summarise current knowledge about composition, physico-chemical, technological and sensory properties and cryostability of goat milk including a comparison of this characteristics for dairy goat breeds which are used for industrial and farm dairy production.
Goat milk has high nutritional and therapeutic value. It is suitable for dairy industry processing as well as cow milk. In the Czech Republic, where is traditional cow milk consumption, the interest of consumers in goat milk products increased recently. The main Czech dairy goat breeds are White and Brown-Shorthaired Goats.
In the practical part of diploma thesis were compared the 2 main Czech dairy goat breeds, White and Brown-Shorthaired Goats, with a rare breed Girgentana Goat. Cryostability of goat milk was observed for 16 weeks (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks) for White and Brown-Shorthaired breed. Characterized parameters were main components (total solid, non-fat solid, fat, lactose, crude proteins and casein), minor components (citric acid, urea, free fatty acids and fatty acid profile), physico-chemical properties (density, freezing point and titratable acidity), technological properties (cheeseability, fermentability and thermostability) and for fresh milk also sensory identity and acceptability.
It was found that milk from Girgentana Goats contains the significantly (p < 0.05) highest amount of total solid, fat and lactose. The highest amount of crude proteins (p < 0.05) was on the contrary observed in Brown-Shorthaired Goat milk H1. These two samples had also the best cheeseability (p < 0.05) but the worst sensory acceptability because of their strong goat flavour and taste. During the storage test of White and Brown-Shorthaired Goat milk samples was found significantly (p < 0.05) negative influence of storage in frozen state only on cheeseability. This could be explain by the negative changes in the conformatin of proteins, especially casein fraction.
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