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Possibilities of preventing the negative influence of cognitive biases on everyday decision making
Tesařová, Monica ; Stehlík, Luděk (advisor) ; Uhlář, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with possibilities of preventing the influence of cognitive biases on our everyday decision making, especially with the negative effect of the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic on consumer behavior. The first chapter is concerned with human irrationality in decision making, primarily with cognitive biases. Some of the most significant types of cognitive biases that negatively affect our decision making are presented and various approaches trying to explain their origin and nature are introduced subsequently. It continues with a chapter on possibilities of the prevention of cognitive biases where the theory of debiasing is mentioned and an example of a successful debiasing strategy is presented. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses in detail on one particular type of cognitive bias that arises from using the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic. The aim of the empirical part of the thesis is then to propose a strategy that will, at least partially, help reducing the negative impact of this bias on our decision making in everyday situations - particularly from the consumer perspective. Another part of this is also an outline for an experimental study that would help verify the effectiveness of the proposed measures. Keywords: heuristics, cognitive biases,...
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Emotional and Cognitive Determinants of Decision Making
Jonáš, Juraj ; Uhlář, Pavel (advisor) ; Stehlík, Luděk (referee)
This work summs the development of the research of influence of cognitive and emotional determinants on decision making since its beginning in 1940s, when it was studied in the framework of the theory of games, through the theory of heuristics of Tversky and Kahneman, cognitive biases theory, to the Naturalistic Decision Making movement and the somatic marker hypothesis. These most significant movements are, for the purposes of this work, divided into "normative" and "postnormative". This compilational work is supplemented with a proposal of a qualitative research of intuition of psychological therapists, which is, to date, explored only in a small extent.
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