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Úloha sestry v mobilizaci pacienta po operaci kýly
KRAMÁŘOVÁ, Iva
This bachelor thesis deals with the nurse´s role in mobilizing patients after hernia surgery. Post- surgery care partially consists of early mobilization of patients from their bed. Mobilization is movement, i.e. getting up from the bed, sitting up in a chair and walking practice. Early getting up after surgery helps increasing the venous circulation which prevents the development of a tromboembolic disease. Three objectives were set. Find out in what ways nurses mobilize their patients after hernia surgery. Find out what steps nurses follow when mobilizing patients after hernia surgery from the perspective of education and find out how patients perceive the nurse when taking care of them after hernia surgery. For the purpose of these objectives, four research questions were set. The thesis contains two research samples. The first research sample consisted of 6 nurses and the second research sample of 4 patients. The empirical part was implemented using qualitative research, interviewing method, the technique of standardized interview with nurses and patients on the surgical inpatient department. Interviews were transcribed word for word, analysed, and then coding was carried out. The method of ´pen and paper´ was chosen. The survey was run during March, April and May 2021. The results of interviews done with the nurses have proven that all of the interviewed nurses mobilize the patients after hernia surgery by getting up over their hip, however, they do not follow all other steps of correctly carried out mobilization. Nurses educate their patients orally, they use oral education right before the first getting up from bed. Some nurses, together with the oral education also clearly show their patients how to get up from bed. Further, it was found out that patients are being given sufficient amount of time by the nurses. The results of this bachelor thesis may serve as study material to students of medical subjects or nurses as inspiration for supplying high quality care of their patients. The survey results will be passed on to the workplace where the survey was carried out. Based on specific findings, the current educational methods may be updated including the means of improving after-surgery care for patients after hernia surgery. Thesis results are divided into individual categories. In Nurses´ survey, they are Mobilization, Education and Environment. In Patients´ survey, they are named as Communication, Mobilization, Nurse´s Surveillance when Getting Up from Bed and Nursing Care.
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Use of biological materials for tissue substitution in plastic surgery
Měšťák, Ondřej ; Sukop, Andrej (advisor) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee) ; Dražan, Luboš (referee)
Užití biologických materiálů k náhradě tkání v plastické chirurgii ! Abstrakt v angličtině Background: Biological meshes are biomaterials consisted of extracellular matrix and used in surgery particularly for hernia treatment or thoracic wall reconstruction. They are capable of vascularization, that decreases risk of infection, expecially when used in contaminated fields. This study compared the strength of incorporation and biocompatibility of two porcine-derived grafts (cross-linked and non-cross-linked) in a rat hernia model. In addition, we hypothesized that combination of extracellular matrices with autologous mesenchymal stem cells used for hernia repair would result in increased vascularization and increased strength of incorporation. Methods: Standardized 2 x 4 cm fascial defect was created in 42 Wistar rats and repaired with a cross-linked or a non-cross-linked graft either enriched or non-enriched with stem cells. The rats were sacrificed 3, 6 and 12 months later. The strength of incorporation, vascularization, cellular invasion, foreign body reaction and capsule formation were evaluated. Results: Comparison of stem cell enriched and non-enriched groups showed no significant differences in the capsule thickness, foreign body reaction, cellularization or vascularization. In the non-cross-linked...
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Use of biological materials for tissue substitution in plastic surgery
Měšťák, Ondřej ; Sukop, Andrej (advisor) ; Brychta, Pavel (referee) ; Dražan, Luboš (referee)
Užití biologických materiálů k náhradě tkání v plastické chirurgii ! Abstrakt v angličtině Background: Biological meshes are biomaterials consisted of extracellular matrix and used in surgery particularly for hernia treatment or thoracic wall reconstruction. They are capable of vascularization, that decreases risk of infection, expecially when used in contaminated fields. This study compared the strength of incorporation and biocompatibility of two porcine-derived grafts (cross-linked and non-cross-linked) in a rat hernia model. In addition, we hypothesized that combination of extracellular matrices with autologous mesenchymal stem cells used for hernia repair would result in increased vascularization and increased strength of incorporation. Methods: Standardized 2 x 4 cm fascial defect was created in 42 Wistar rats and repaired with a cross-linked or a non-cross-linked graft either enriched or non-enriched with stem cells. The rats were sacrificed 3, 6 and 12 months later. The strength of incorporation, vascularization, cellular invasion, foreign body reaction and capsule formation were evaluated. Results: Comparison of stem cell enriched and non-enriched groups showed no significant differences in the capsule thickness, foreign body reaction, cellularization or vascularization. In the non-cross-linked...
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The genetic background of the selected hereditary disease in dogs
KUBIČKOVÁ, Miroslava
The bachelor thesis is focused on hereditary hernia in dogs. It constitutes of a summary literature review of the most frequently occurring types of hernia. For comparison, there are included non-hereditary hernias. The thesis describes prevalence, clinical symptoms, methods of diagnosis and treatment. The work mentions the genetic basis of the disease, including the method of transmission to the next generation and the estimated heritability. It explains the notions that relate to this topic. At the end of thesis, there are formulated practical advice for breeders.
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