|
|
Srovnání citlivosti letokruhových řad jedle bělokoré (Abies alba) a smrku ztepilého (Picea abies) vůči klimatickým parametrům
Jakubcová, Vanda
The presented thesis deals with tree ring research of the Norway spruce (Picea abies) and the European silver fir (Abies Alba) in the area of Czech State Forest (Janovice – organizational unit). The goal of the study was to create as long chronologies as possible from living trees of Norway spruce and European silver fir and compare the sensitivity of radial growth to climate parameters (average monthly/seasonal temperatures and average monthly/seasonal precipitation) between these two woody plant species. Tree cores were sampled by using Pressler borer from the selected individuals of studied tree species. The data were processed by standard dendrochronological approaches (e.g. visual and statistical synchronization, cross-dating, age-trend standardization, climate-growth response analysis). The analysis of climate-growth responses showed that high temperatures in the spring and low temperatures with available precipitation in June are key for radial growth of Norway spruce in studied site. In contrast, European silver fir showed a higher sensitivity to precipitation before the beginning of the growing season (February) and in summer (July). Both European silver fir and Norway spruce showed increasing sensitivity to high temperatures and precipitation since 1980.
|
|
|
Mortalita podsadeb buku lesního a jedle bělokoré vyzvednutých z přirozené obnovy
Gattnar, Matyáš
The main aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the mortality of seedlings of white fir (from three different natural forest areas) and beech, which were collected and transplanted under spruce forest. The research was carried out in the Moravian-Silesian Beskydy Mountains in the Kyčera area, which is under the administration of the Forestry Service of the Czech Republic. Two decaying spruce monocultures were used. Several variants of forest beech and white fir from three different natural forest areas (Beskydy, Jeseník, Žďár) were planted on the nutrient habitats. The best results were obtained for the variant of rooted beech, which was planted in the spring of 2022. Of the fir trees, those taken from the Beskydy area fared best.
|
|
|
Poškození semenáčků jedle bělokoré ve výběrném lese na lokalitě Klepačov, ŠLP ML Křtiny
Uchytil, Lukáš
The thesis deals with the damage of seedlings of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and the effects on their successful growth. The research investigation was carried out in the stands in the transfer to the selection forest of the University Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest in Křtiny, locality Klepačov. The field research was carried out on 14 fenced and 4 unfenced research plots. From the measured data it was found that fir regeneration prefers semi-shady to shady sites and is poor in places with high intensity of incident light radiation. Another factor evaluated was substrate composition, which revealed that fir seedlings thrive best on mixed and coniferous substrates. On the other hand, they thrive the least on a deciduous substrate, due to the fact that fir seed is not adapted to growing through high levels of leaf litter, especially beech. Game continues to play a large role in the failure to grow, but increased harvest is beginning to have a positive effect.
|
|
|
Využití potenciálu přirozené a kombinované obnovy na Lesní správě Nasavrky (Lesy České republiky s.p.)
Zemanová, Anna
The diploma thesis dealt with the topic of the vegetation decline of the Norway spruce and its following regeneration in the Lichnice district, Nasavrky Forest Administration. From the results obtained from the forest economic records, it was found that the beginning of spruce decline was detected in 2018. The highest reported volume of random logging was reported in 2020 (46 405.92 m3). The largest reported clearing was also in 2020, at 53.69 hectares. The most common tree species in natural regeneration and artificial regeneration was Norway spruce, but its share is gradually decreasing year by year, to the benefit of a greater diversity of tree species on the range. Next, an experiment was conducted with the seedlings of the forest tree species that were collected and replanted as an underplanting in spruce stand 326A08. The mortality of the three study areas was evaluated here. The best results were achieved by white fir seedlings, where minimal mortality was found, on the other hand, the worst results were achieved by summer oak seedlings, where mortality was almost the majority.
|
|
|
Obnova jedle a přípravných dřevin na kalamitní holině
Sekanina, Jan
The main aim of this thesis is evaluation of the growth of European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and nursery woody species at initial stage of regeneration on calamity originated clear-cut. For this purpose were established experimental areas TVP Rakovec (ŠLP Křtiny) and TVP Tornádo (LČR LS Albrechtice city). These areas have been divided into smaller plots, where the regeneration of European silver fir was carried out concurrently with regeneration of White birch (Betula pendula Roth.), Black alder (Alnus glutinosa L.) and European aspen (Populus tremula L.) in spring 2014 and autumn 2015. The growth of European silver fir and nursery woody species was evaluated according to the height, diameter of root crown and mortality. In area of TVP Tornado the most successful manner was concurrent regeneration with birch, under which fir reached average height of 47 cm just after two years of growth and where the mortality was only 1,4 %. In case of this manner, the birch reached the height of 251 cm and 37 mm in diameter of the root crown. In area of TVP Rakovec the best growth of fir occurred under the European aspen and reached average height of 40 cm. Contrary, in case of this manner was the loss of the fir, exactly 26,2 %. The most successful nursery woody species in area of TVP Rakovec was the Black alder, where occurred much fewer losses and reached the best results of the growth. Within this diploma thesis was also made theoretical analysis of the nursery stand ability of production, in which have been found out that the European aspen has the highest production potential in all bonitet and the Black alder has the smallest production potential in compare with all chosen nursery woody species. Within both areas of research have been investigated the influence of the nursery stand in initial stage to the microclimate of calamity originated clear-cut. The impact hasn´t been confirmed.
|
|
|
Genetické aspekty produkce lesního reprodukčního materiálu jedle bělokoré (Abies alba Mill.)
Ondrejčík, Róbert
The silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was the one of our most important commercial wood species. The theoretic part is focused on expansion, ecological requirements and effect of management on reproduction of this ground wood. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to state the genotypes of source certified coppice of silver fir and seedlings in forest nursery - progeny of maternal coppice in 15 loci by the means of DNA analyses. From the genotypes basic population- genetic features are educed consequently, such as allele and genotype frequency or genetic diversity. After interpreting the results, within the valid legislature, particular actions for preventing genetic fund impoverishment and possibilities of restoration of this ground wood into our forests are suggested.
|
|
|
Vliv intenzity výchovného zásahu na formování březového porostu a růst podsadby jedle bělokoré
Pišlová, Tereza
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the formation of preparing birch stand and the growth of silver birch underplanting. The measurements were realized in 2015 – 2018 in TVP Skrchov. The area was divided into 4 variants; no heavy thinning, intensity heavy thinning 50 %, 30 % and silver fir gap. In the birch stand there was evaluated breast-height diameter and its growth, basal area and by Shädelin tree classification the target trees were chosen. The silver fir underplanting was measured for mortality, root colar diameter, height, diameter growth, height increment, health condition, and the size of crown projection. The best value had the birch stand with thinning intensity of 50 %. In this stand there was reaction of release after heavy thinning. On the other hand the lowest value of production had the birch area without heavy thinning. Nevertheless, the value of slenderness ratio was high (110 – 120) and the share of green crown was low (33 – 35 %) for all variants. It shows worse vitality and stability of the birch stand and it indicates the late heavy thinning. The silver fir grew best in the gap where it had the highest diameter growth, height increment, healty condition and lowest mortality. The best of underplantings was the silver fir grown under the birch stand without heavy thinning. The worst results had the silver fir with 50 % of heavy thinning intesity.
|
|
|
Inventarizace a ekologie přirozené obnovy se zvláštním zřetelem na jedli bělokorou v souboru porostů v převodu na výběrný les na ŠLP Křtiny
Koudelka, Oldřich
This bachelor thesis examines and evaluates factors which have an effect on natural regeneration of European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), especially light effect, game pressure, effect of weeds and litter composition. The measurement were performed in the forest stands, which are in the conversion to selection forest on Training Forestry Enterprise Křtiny – Klepačov location. From results is clearly visible negative effect of game on fir regeneration. Fir grow quite well on semi-shady and shady places but on the other side it does not prosper on sunny places with high intensity of light at all. In terms of substrate composition, this research found that the better for fir is coniferous and mixed substrate and the least suited is substrate composed by broadleaves. The density of vegetation cover did not prove significant differences in the effect on fir number.
|
|
|
Hodnocení ekologických limitů a zdravotního stavu jedle bělokoré (Abies alba) v oblasti Šumavy
Kopa, Václav
White fir trees used to be the most abundant conifer of our forests. Today, however there is a minority of them. That is why I decided to elaborate the work that will deal with the white fir tree in different vegetation zones (VZ) of natural forest areas (NFA) of the Šumava mountains, Přehoří Šumavy and Novohradské hory. The lowest-lying mapped area was the locality close to Címice near Címický Lake at an altitude of 553 m in the 4th VZ. The highest location was the area near Horská Kvilda on the edge of Zhůřské peatbog in the 8th VZ at an altitude of 1144 m. The current health status of the white fir trees and the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on its life manifestations were evaluated. The most significant limiting factor is game.
|
|
|
Struktura a dynamika přirozené obnovy po skupinové seči ve smíšeném lese na ŠLP Křtiny
Bíšek, Tomáš
The aim of the work was to evaluate the dynamics and structure of natural forests regeneration in finer (small-scale) management systems and optimize silvicultural (regeneration) operations. For the research were selected three stand types (beech, spruce and mixed), into which were placed 10 group cutting. There were analyzed light conditions, herb layer, density and regeneration parameters. The density of regeneration were analyzed according to the light conditions and position in the group cutting. From the measurements it was found that natural forests regeneration most easily proceeded in a spruce stand type. In these conditions it was achieved less diversity of tree species, the highest was recorded in gaps mixed. Compared small gaps (0.05 ha) and large gaps (0.05 to 0.13 ha) higher densities forests regeneration has been measured in large gaps. Diversity of trees inside the gap corresponds to the light conditions of wood. In the central part prevailed larch, in the transition under the forest wall of shelterwood prevailed spruce and beech. Under the protection of the surrounding stand fir is the best regeneration. Regeneration of species surveyed are oriented to the west, south and east exposure gaps. This fact corresponds to the superiority of Indirect Site Factor (ISF). The results of this study show that at any given time at a given location can be group felling increase species diversity forests regeneration.
|
guest ::
