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nutrient supply in vegetarians
STRAŠÁKOVÁ, Adéla
The bachelor's thesis deals with the supply of nutrients in ovo-lacto vegetarians. The goal of the work is to find out whether the supporters of this form of vegetarian diet are sufficiently supplied with macronutrients and selected micronutrients, the main area I am targeting in the research part of the work. The theoretical part is first focused on vegetarianism as an alternative way of eating, its definition, history in the world and in the Czech Republic, reasons for adopting vegetarian forms of eating and analysis of individual forms of vegetarian diet. The second section of the theoretical part looks at the advantages and disadvantages of the ovo-lacto vegetarian diet and the analysis of individual nutrients. Mainly the nutrients that are part of the research are analyzed, the vast majority of which are those nutrients that can be contained in a vegetarian diet in lower concentrations than in a mixed diet. Twelve vegetarian men and women aged 20-41 were included in the research investigation of the practical part of the bachelor's thesis. First, the respondents' diet records in terms of intake of individual nutrients were evaluated in the Nutriservis application, and the resulting average concentration of nutrients in the diet was then compared with the recommended values for nutrient intake. In addition to a separate evaluation of the menus of individual respondents, specific macronutrients and micronutrients were subsequently analyzed, or more precisely, their average occurrence in the menus of all respondents. The results of the research point to deficiencies in the quality and, above all, the quantity of macronutrients and selected micronutrients in the respondents' diet.
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Prospective study of adults diet and their vitamin D blood level
HAVLOVÁ, Adéla
Vitamin D is a widely discussed topic in domestic and foreign literature. Vitamin D serves many functions in human body, for example in affects calcium metabolism. Vitamin D is produced photochemically during sun exposure and partly it is consumed with food intake. This thesis is concerned with the problematic of dietary intake of vitamin D. The goal of my research was to analyze a relationship between a specific amount of vitamin D intake with food and vitamin D level in blood in a person. In this research quantitative methodology - prospective method was used. The participants of my research wrote down every meal they ate every day for nine months. They specified amount and kind of consumed food intake. Participants blood was analyzed for levels of calcidiol, alkaline phosphatase, calcaemia and phosphataemia. The blood was taken twice during the research. The number of participants involved six women and three men. The research started on 1 March 2021 and lasted until 30 November 2021. The participants from the research had no record of gastrointestinal diseases, this could affect vitamin D absorption from dietary intake and that could lead to biased results. This research was led as a blinded experiment to prevent experimental bias. It was important that the participants did not consume higher or lower amounts of vitamin D on purpose. Each participant followed regular assorted diet and did not restrict oneself in food intake. The results showed that participants of this study consumed more vitamin D in their diet on weekends rather that in a regular day. It was further discovered that in spring vitamin D blood level correlated with the amount of consumed vitamin D in diet. Median value of vitamin D intake in diet for one participant was 2,268 g per day, average value was 3,55 g per day. Based on the evaluated participants lists of meals was discovered that the amount of consumed vitamin D in diet made 17,75 % of its guideline daily amounts.
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The monitoring of vitamin D content in the diet of university students
KALETOVÁ, Nikol
The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the level of vitamin D saturation in a selected group of university students at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The recorded diet method was used for the research. The research group included six men and six women aged 19-26. The research ran from the 10th February to 14th June 2020. Respondents recorded a week-long diet every second week in February, April and June. This captured possible seasonal fluctuations in the diet. Respondents recorded the amount and type of food and meals consumed. In the monitored group of respondents, vitamin D values averaged around 4.86 g per person per day. The values obtained do not correspond to the recommended daily intake of vitamin D, which according to DACH (2018) should be 20 ?g per person per day for men and women of this age category. In the group of women, the average intake of vitamin D was 3.88 g / day and in men the intake was higher, namely 5.85 g / day. The obtained levels agree with the results of other authors. Alimentary intake of vitamin D is usually in the range of 2-4 g / day, which is confirmed by the results of the diploma thesis. The lowest average daily intake was found in women to be 2.81 ?g / day and the maximum value in men on average 11.26 g / day. This value is at the level of 50% of the recommended daily intake. The main statistical finding was to demonstrate a difference in vitamin D intake between the gender. Men took more vitamin D than women. Furthermore, a positive relationship between protein and vitamin D intake was demonstrated. Last but not least, the effect of gender on protein intake was statistically significantly demonstrated. Men received more protein than women. The question dealing with the effect of the season on the intake of vitamin D from the diet has not been significantly statistically proven. In the second part, the energy intake and main nutrients were also determined, which according to the final evaluation were very unbalanced.
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