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Perception of the Object or Seeing the Thing?
Vávrová, Věra ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Pětová, Marie (referee)
The thesis follows the development of the As-Structure as it is presented in Heidegger's Logic (GA 21) and shows that this abstract structure has been developed based on Brentano's Psychology 1 and Husserl's Logical Investigations. I describe how the As-Structure develops from the Brentano's distinction of physical and mental phenomena. The mental phenomena represent the basic sphere of our recognition, and the knowledge of the object as it is immanent to them. The object represents a stable counterpart to the course of experience (Objekt - Erlebnis relation). Therefore, only in the mental phenomena the object is being experienced just as it appears. This is the standpoint of Brentano, and it is adopted by Husserl who explicitly divides the structure of an intentional act into its constituents; the meant and the given. The object is accomplished when it is carried out by the intentional act. When the relation between the meant and the given is fully congruent, the given is given just as it is meant. Heidegger elaborates on this given as meant structure by transferring it outside the sphere of consciousness. He claims that the As-structure is the abstract constitutive element of the relation between the human (Dasein) and the thing; what is being encountered in the world is always given as something...
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Speech Acts in the Play Owners of the Keys by Milan Kundera
SVOBODA, Marek
This thesis deals with the theory of speech acts which is based mainly on analysis of speech and its function in communication. We use speech not only to convey something but to also do something, to change the state of things around us and to accomplish specific goals. Speech acts in a literary piece are then analyzed on theoretical basis, specifically in Milan Kundera's dramatic play Majitelé klíčů.
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Thomas Stearns Eliot and the New Criticism
VOŠTOVÁ, Žaneta
The content of my bachelor is T. S. Eliot's theory of art criticism. Eliot was and still is one the most important figures of thoughts not only for English, but for European literary criticism, I dare say. I will focus primarily on the major questions in his critical theory, and show Eliot's answers. The aim of this work is to outline Eliot's essential critical ideas and compare them with the ideas of the representatives of the so-called New Criticism, for Eliot is considered to be a source of inspiration of this literary movement. And based on this comparison I want to show what could new critics continue on Eliot, and in which issues they differ from him.
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