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Yield and quality of hemp (Cannabis sativa) grown in organic and conventional farming
KAŠPAR, Jan
Hemp is an ancient crop that has a wide range of uses compared to commonly grown crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of variety and cultivation system on the yield of total biomass, amount of flowers, leaves, achenes and plant waste, the thousand achene weight, the proportion of size fractions of achenes, the proportion of shelled aschenes and husks and the yield of oil. Hemp cultivation can be recommended for organic farming, because hemp plants had significantly the higher weight of female plants and the yield of total biomass in green and dry matter in t/ha both at flowering and at the end of vegetation perod. They also had the higher production of inflorescences and leaves, and the production of achenes. The cultivation systems are comparable in the proportion of coating layers of achenes and the thousand achene weight. The conventional system was significantly better in the proportion of oil in the achenes and the proportion of the size fraction of achenes above 3.5 mm. When comparing the varieties, a higher yield of biomass and achenes was achieved for the variety Santhica 70 from conventional production (Meclov), namely 57.3 t/ha and 1.5 t/ha. The yield of flowers and leaves was higher from organic production (Chlum) in the Fedora 17 variety, namely 3.08 /ha. The higher proportion of oil in hemp achenes was determined for the variety Santhica 70 from conventional production (Sušice) at 16.5%.
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The importance of the arrangement of flowers in the inflorescence on the plant reproductive success
Chvojková, Karolína ; Štenc, Jakub (advisor) ; Sklenář, Petr (referee)
Inflorescence and its properties have a fundamental influence on the pollinating behavior of pollinators, which can affect the resulting reproductive success of plants. Clustering of more flowers in the inflorescence is an advantage for plants due to the diversification of pollen sources and greater visual supply, which can attract more pollinators and thus increase the chance of pollen transfer to other individuals and ensure genetic variability of the offspring. The disadvantage of multiple flowers in one inflorescence may be both an increase in energy requirements for the formation and maintenance of multiple flowers and an increased risk of geitonogamy. Plants prevent geitonogamy within the inflorescence by various adaptations. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of inflorescence arrangement on successful plant reproduction. When studying the arrangement of flowers in the inflorescence, it is necessary to take into count not only their morphology, i.e. the shape, number, size and arrangement of flowers, but also other functional properties in the form of genitals, sterility and rewards. The resulting effect of flower arrangement on the reproductive success of plants also depends on the vectors that transfer pollen, in this case especially insect pollinators, which are affected by...
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Biomass and seeds production of hemp (\kur{Cannabis sativa}) grown in organic farming
KAŠPAR, Jan
Hemp is a significant oil and fibre crop that finds its use again, due to its almost 100% biodegradability, various use but also its specific features. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the influence of the variety on hemp production and possibilities of the hemp cultivation in organic farming in different ways of its use. Five varieties of hemp (Fortuna 75, Carmagnola, KC Zuzana, KC Virtus, Felina 32) cultivated in organic farming in the Velhartice area were used for evaluating the density and the health status of the stand, plant height and diameter, yield of fibre, hurds and total biomass. We can recommend growing hemp in organic farming because hemp achieved yields similar to average production from the conventional farming system there. We can recommend KC Virtus and Felina 32 variety, which reached a high yield of achenes and inflorescences for the combined production of biomass and achenes or biomass and inflorescences. The KC Virtus variety reached the highest fibre (2.8 t/ha) and hurds production (8.3 t/ha) too.
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