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Care for patient with infective endocarditis.
MARKOVÁ, Monika
The bachelor thesis deals with nursing care of a patient with infective endocarditis. Infective endocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that affects the heart valves or their replacements. Valves with a defect or calcifications are most often affected, exceptionally also those with short-circuit defects. The patient usually develops a fever, fatigue, weight loss or chest pain. Treatment is with antibiotics and lasts approximately 4 to 6 weeks. In certain cases, patients are indicated for surgery, such as valve implantation. The aim of the empirical part was to find out the specifics of nursing care of patients with infective endocarditis. A qualitative research survey was chosen for processing. Research group A consisted of 11 patients with infective endocarditis and research group B consisted of 9 nurses working in the cardiology department. A semi-structured interview was created for data collection. For nurses, there were prepared questions focusing on information about infective endocarditis, specific care and the patient's needs during hospitalization. This was followed by questions for patients focused on their information about infective endocarditis, needs and feelings during long-term hospitalization. The results were divided into categories and then into subcategories based on the interviews. The results showed that nurses, considering the causes of invective endocarditis, often forget for nosocomial infections, rather they focus only on the causes of the patient him/herself. Patients with infective endocarditis have different care than other patients in the cardiology department. Nurses see a difference in length of hospital stay, antibiotics, rest, and number of examinations. They perceive the relationship formed with the patient during their hospital stay rather individually. Patients tolerate hospitalization itself well, and most often their family helps them to do so. Patients usually mentioned in their needs family and friends who they missed during hospitalization. They also mentioned privacy, pet or exercise. Regarding the patient's needs, the nurses focused more on practical activities such as sleep or hygiene assistance. Based on these results, information material on infective endocarditis was created. The informational material will serve for easier orientation during the disease for all patients with infective endocarditis.
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Incidence and characteristics of infective endocarditis in the Czech Republic
Bambulová, Dana ; Beneš, Jiří (advisor)
Objective: Following the incidental multicenter study of Endocarditis 2007 check the quality of microbiological diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) in the Czech Republic. Material and Methods: Prospective multicenter study of Endocarditis 2007 examined the incidence and characteristics of infective endocarditis for 12 months (February 1, 2007 to January 31, 2008) in 29 hospitals in the country. Mandates doctors sent to the Prague Centre report all cases of IE in a pre-defined catchment area of their hospitals. Was used for reporting standard form, data about patients were anonymous. There were collected 132 reports of IE. My own work consisted in re-processing and verification of data on etiology and diagnosis of IE. The basis of retrospective telephone inquiries were directed to the appropriate microbiological department, with particular emphasis on the actual number of blood cultures for individual patients, and culture findings. After comparing data with data received reports from microbiology laboratories was corrected any incorrect information. So the results were validated by the study. At the same time to assess the quality of the interpretation of microbiological findings of clinicians. Conclusion: Previous use of antibiotics reduces the probability of detection of pathogens. This relationship...
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Structural and functional impacts of infective endocarditis
Pazderník, Michal ; Šochman, Jan (advisor) ; Veselka, Josef (referee) ; Beneš, Jiří (referee)
Despite more recent advances in both medical and surgical therapies, the syndrome of infective endocarditis (IE) continues to be characterized by serious complications, and remains a life-threatening infection. According to data from the World Health Organization, the Czech Republic has one of the highest mortality rates due to this disease worldwide. Despite the severity of illness in this country, very few data have been reported previously regarding investigations of IE in the Czech Republic. Consequently, a retrospective evaluation of local IE cases at one of the country's largest medical centers was conducted. Our aim was to analyze the characteristics of this disease in our country. The greatest interest was devoted to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), etiological agent that has been associated with the worst course of IE episodes. The hypothesis of our study was that infective endocarditis caused by S. aureus, in comparison with other etiological agents, is associated with worse course of the disease. We evaluated the structural (abscess formation, impaired integrity of heart valves, systemic embolism) and functional (incidence of heart failure and conduction disturbances, in-hospital mortality) manifestations of IE. Of all studied parameters, only embolism and S. aureus as the causative agent were...
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Structural and functional impacts of infective endocarditis
Pazderník, Michal ; Šochman, Jan (advisor) ; Veselka, Josef (referee) ; Beneš, Jiří (referee)
Despite more recent advances in both medical and surgical therapies, the syndrome of infective endocarditis (IE) continues to be characterized by serious complications, and remains a life-threatening infection. According to data from the World Health Organization, the Czech Republic has one of the highest mortality rates due to this disease worldwide. Despite the severity of illness in this country, very few data have been reported previously regarding investigations of IE in the Czech Republic. Consequently, a retrospective evaluation of local IE cases at one of the country's largest medical centers was conducted. Our aim was to analyze the characteristics of this disease in our country. The greatest interest was devoted to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), etiological agent that has been associated with the worst course of IE episodes. The hypothesis of our study was that infective endocarditis caused by S. aureus, in comparison with other etiological agents, is associated with worse course of the disease. We evaluated the structural (abscess formation, impaired integrity of heart valves, systemic embolism) and functional (incidence of heart failure and conduction disturbances, in-hospital mortality) manifestations of IE. Of all studied parameters, only embolism and S. aureus as the causative agent were...
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Incidence and characteristics of infective endocarditis in the Czech Republic
Bambulová, Dana ; Beneš, Jiří (advisor)
Objective: Following the incidental multicenter study of Endocarditis 2007 check the quality of microbiological diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) in the Czech Republic. Material and Methods: Prospective multicenter study of Endocarditis 2007 examined the incidence and characteristics of infective endocarditis for 12 months (February 1, 2007 to January 31, 2008) in 29 hospitals in the country. Mandates doctors sent to the Prague Centre report all cases of IE in a pre-defined catchment area of their hospitals. Was used for reporting standard form, data about patients were anonymous. There were collected 132 reports of IE. My own work consisted in re-processing and verification of data on etiology and diagnosis of IE. The basis of retrospective telephone inquiries were directed to the appropriate microbiological department, with particular emphasis on the actual number of blood cultures for individual patients, and culture findings. After comparing data with data received reports from microbiology laboratories was corrected any incorrect information. So the results were validated by the study. At the same time to assess the quality of the interpretation of microbiological findings of clinicians. Conclusion: Previous use of antibiotics reduces the probability of detection of pathogens. This relationship...
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Nursing care about people with infective endocarditis after the cardiacsurgery procedure
MARKOVÁ, Eva
Infective endocarditis is inflammation of endocardium which affects mainly the heart valves. It is a very serious illness, often with acute process which even today leads to death in 20-30% of cases. The treatment is long-term and it has impact on various domains in future life. Patients are given high doses of antibiotics and in the case of unsuccessful conservative treatment and vast microbial vegetations with the risk of embolism cardiac surgery procedure is necessary. The appropriate and right nursing care leading to positive mental attitude of a patient is very important during the long-term hospitalisation, as well as education in secondary prevention of this illness. The aim of this work was: 1) to find out how the patient deals with the long-term hospitalisation. 2) to define the patient´s needs during the long-term hospitalisation. 3) to find out the patient´s foreknowledge of the secondary prevention of infective endokarditis. 4) to find out the nurses´ possibilities in the domain of uprating the nursing care about the patients with infective endokarditis. To reach this aim one investigative question was determined: How the nursing care about the patients with infective endocarditis during the long-term hospitalisation is filled up? To process this work qualitative research using Strauss´s and Glaser´s data analysis was used. The data gathering was carried out in the form of half-structured interview with the nurses of cardiosurgical department of Hospital of České Budějovice as well as with the patients with infective endocarditis after the cardiosurgical performance. All the interviews were agreed to be recorded. Literal transcription of the interviews followed afterwards. The rewritten interviews were encoded and processed into figures. Hospitalisation brings certain negatives to the patients, such as fear about their future and life, lack of information and fear from the operation itself as well. Regarding the serious health state the patient´s life values change. They start to appreciate their life, they become more cautious and focus on prevention. Nurses are aware of the most important needs of long-term hospitalized patients. They try to saturate these needs and make their stay in hospital as comfortable as possible. Their knowledge of infective endocarditis helps nurses choose the appropriate way of education of the patients. The support of family is also very important. In spite of all effort of the hospital staff negative relationship between the nurses and patients can occur during the long-term hospitalisation. Nurses try to prevent the possible problems by changing the staff. Most patients found helpfulness of the staff a very positive part of their hospitalisation. The results show the lack of patients´ information about the risk of the origin of infective endocarditis and profylaxy. It would be very helpful to focus on more intensive education of the patients which could prevent this ilness.
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