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Nursing process in prevention of immobilization syndrome
Havlasová, Anežka ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hromádková, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of immobilization syndrome. It aims to point out the risks associated with long-term immobilization, recognize the early symptoms of immobilization syndrome and prevent complications. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of the immobilization syndrome in individual organ systems, where related changes and prevention are described in detail. The empirical part consists of a questionnaire survey, which focuses on the knowledge of nurses from the standard and ICU departments. The verified knowledge concerns the prevention and nature of the immobilization syndrome. A total of 99 respondents across the Faculty Hospital in Motola participated in the survey. The obtained data were processed and then the knowledge of nurses was compared based on education, type of workplace and length of practice. Objectives: The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant findings on immobilization syndrome. Furthermore, the goal was to find out, through a questionnaire, the nurses' own construction of knowledge about immobilization syndrome. Methods: The investigation was conducted through a quantitative research survey. The self- designed questionnaire was distributed in printed form to practical and general nurses. The...
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Prevention of complications in the treatment of patients after stroke
Balcarová, Veronika ; Hlaváčová, Marie (advisor) ; Tomová, Šárka (referee)
The thesis deals with prevention and appearance of complications with the patients after a stroke. These patients are endangered by many complications, connected not only with the disease itself but also with their health before hospitalization. For the purposes of my thesis, I chose a qualitative method. It is a specific method which uses given problem in details and gives a complex perspective of all examined criteria. I collected the data with the help of example studies which I examined further on and compared it. The results of my research show that the most frequent complications endanger the chosen patients. Further on I deal with interventions with which I intentionally prevented the complications. In the last part I evaluate the results of preventive arrangements about how the respondents percieved my treatment care.
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Prevention of complications in the treatment of patients after stroke
Balcarová, Veronika ; Hlaváčová, Marie (advisor) ; Tomová, Šárka (referee)
The thesis deals with prevention and appearance of complications with the patients after a stroke. These patients are endangered by many complications, connected not only with the disease itself but also with their health before hospitalization. For the purposes of my thesis, I chose a qualitative method. It is a specific method which uses given problem in details and gives a complex perspective of all examined criteria. I collected the data with the help of example studies which I examined further on and compared it. The results of my research show that the most frequent complications endanger the chosen patients. Further on I deal with interventions with which I intentionally prevented the complications. In the last part I evaluate the results of preventive arrangements about how the respondents percieved my treatment care.
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Nutritional care about immobile patient on standard department of internal type
AMBLEROVÁ, Michaela
Nutritional care for immobile clients at a standard department of internal type becomes still more important, because nutritional care is important for maintaining good health and supporting quality of life. Nutritional status of immobile clients is very important to diagnose as early as possible in order to avoid all risks of potential complications. Adequate nutrition is also very important to maintain good mental health. The central objective of this work was to explore the specifics of nursing care in the field of nutritional care for immobile client at a standard department of internal type. Following this goal, three research questions were set up: How is the nutritional status of patients at a standard department of internal type assessed? What are the possibilities of application of nutrition for immobile client at a standard department of internal type? What are the specifics of nursing care in the fields of nutrition of immobile client at a standard department of internal type? The empirical part of the thesis was processed using qualitative research, which was realized through semi-structured interview technique. The interview contained 3134 questions, which focused on nutrition care for immobile clients on standard unit of internal type. The research sample consisted of nurses working in the standard department of internal type in the České Budějovice Hospital, a.s. Overall, this study leads to two findings, both positive and negative. Within the positive findings we can say that nurses provide adequate care in the application of nutrition per os. Negative findings relates to the fact that the interviewed nurses provide only basic care in case of the introduction of enteral and parenteral nutrition. They do not know more detailed specifics of enteral and parenteral nutrition. Based on this finding, we think it would be useful to organize regular seminars and trainings for nurses to expand their knowledge about this type of care, or at least remind it. This thesis can serve as an informational material for nurses in practice or students of other health professions. This work can serve also as a basis for further research.
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Prevention of immobilization syndrome in elderly hospitalized at the Department of aftercare in the context of the multidisciplinary approach.
KRÁLOVÁ SOMMEROVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis focuses on an actual topic in the care of the elderly. It is prevention of immobilization syndrome of the elderly in context of a multidisciplinary approach. The thesis is focused on the elderly hospitalized at an after-care unit. In the introduction to the theoretical part the current state of a quality of an elderly life is assessed. Subsequently particular terms related to old age and senescence are defined. An inseparable part of the assessment of the quality of the elderly life is the classification of self-sufficiency and efficiency. Here the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health is mentioned as a meaningful tool for the availability of social services, but also as a clinical tool. The definition of immobilization syndrome emphasizes that this is a geriatric syndrome, which is closely connected to hypomobility, decondition, instability, falls, sarcopenia and other geriatric symptoms and syndromes. The main topic of the thesis - the multidisciplinary approach - is summarized in seventh subchapter and its sections. Individual team members and their basic activities while working with the client are defined here. The research part of the thesis is divided into several chapters. It is processed in a form of qualitative research. It follows the theoretical observations and assesses the work of particular members of the multidisciplinary team in practice. The analysis of personal documents was used on purpose, medical records of selected clients were used as source. Case reports were created afterwards. Case reports are processed using the medical records of clients from the after-care unit. They are also supplemented by the client's point of view, using questions within a semi-structured interview. In the course of case studies, commentary from involved observation is inserted. The conclusion consists of evaluation tables. Detailed expression , comparison of the results and overall summary are in chapter "Discussion". The research question should be answered whether the attitude to clients of the after-care unit is multidisciplinary and whether it corresponds with the needs of clients. The most important finding of this bachelor thesis is that a major factor is the client's diagnosis, and the individual team member's approach to the client. In "Discussion" chapter a comparison based on specialized literature is provided, discussing the long-term care in the international context. Research may be used as feedback to organizations providing long-term care to ensure better conditions of quality of elderly life. It can also be used as a basis for the realization of specific preventive measures. It would definitely be useful to chart the basic research situation in other healthcare facilities or private facilities providing health and social services.
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The dangers in the treatment of old age patients hospitalized in the long-term disease department in the hospital České Budějovice a.s.
FALUŠIOVÁ, Helena
Abstract In the thesis the course of nursing care for seniors with the focus on malnutrition, falls, immobilization syndrome and the decubitus ulcers development is studied. For the quantitative part of the research two aims were stated: Aim 1: To find out whether nurses know the precautionary mechanisms to prevent risks in taking care for seniors and Aim 2: To find out whether nurses comply with precautionary mechanisms to prevent risks in taking care of seniors. The following hypotheses were stated: Hypothesis 1: Nurses know the precautionary measures to prevent risks in taking care of seniors and Hypothesis 2: Nurses comply with the precautionary measures to prevent risks in taking care of seniors. To confirm the hypotheses, the method of an anonymous questionnaire for nurses, which was supplemented by the method of participant observation of nurses in providing nursing care, was used. After evaluating the results of the quantitative part of the research we have come to the conclusion that nurses, although aware of preventive measures, do not always follow the standard procedures. We believe that aim 1 and aim 2 were met. Hypothesis 1 was confirmed. Hypothesis 2 Hypothesis 1 wasn?t confirmed. Another part of the thesis was a qualitative survey that was conducted by interviews with seniors. For the qualitative part of the survey aim 3 was stated: To identify the views of seniors on the ways how to avert certain risks in their hospital. The following research questions were stated: Question 1: According to the senior´s view, how do nurses in the after-care department use possibilities to prevent malnutrition? Question 2: What are the seniors´ opinions on nursing care aimed at preventing falls during their hospitalization in the after-care department? Question 3: What are the seniors´ opinions on nursing care aimed at preventing immobilization syndrome and the decubitus ulcers development? Question 4: How do nurses manage the care of the seniors´ psychological well-being that is important to their recovery? The objective 3 was met. The survey has shown the areas in which changes would be appreciated by seniors, where and how nurses should improve their approach to patients. The purpose of the thesis was to help identify bottlenecks in nursing care for seniors, to find out whether nurses are active at their work, if they have a human approach and provide quality care. We believe that the results of the thesis can serve as an educational material for nurses working not only at the after-care beds, but also in the acute beds wards because seniors are present in all clinical wards. To be able to prevent the risks in taking care of seniors effectively, it is necessary for nurses to be aware of the risks and to pay adequate attention to them.
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Prevention of immobilization syndrome in patients with extension.
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Eva
Abstract More and more up-to date equipment in the health-care sector makes the treatment of fractures possible, especially by means of surgery. However, not every patient is indicated for surgery. Even today, we can see a patient with the extension at the standard and intensit care units. Therefore, nurses must know how to take care of this patient and how to prevent the risk of immobilization syndrome in patient with extension that may cause many serious complications. The aims of this study were to identify the negative factors affecting a development of the immobilization syndrome in a patient with the extension, to compare the differences in the use of immobilization devices to prevent the immobilization syndrome in a patient with the extension at the standard and intensive care unit and to determine whether patients with extension are familiar with possibility of the immobilization syndrome. Four hypotheses have been defined. In the first hypothesis we assumed that inconveniently selected positioning affected the emergence of the immobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was confirmed. Inconveniently selected positioning is most often involved in the immobilization syndrome. In the second hypothesis we assumed that inconvenient hygienic care affected the emergence of the immobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was also confirmed. The insufficient hygienic care affects a development of the immobilization syndrome. In the third hypothesis we assumed that the intensive care unit used more up-to-date equipment to take care of a patinet with the extension compared to the standard unit. This hypothesis was also confirmed. The intensive care units used more up-to-date equipment to take care of a patinet with the extension compared to the standard unit. In the fourth hypothesis we assumed that patients with extension had no information about the possibility of the imobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was disproved. The patients with the extension are informed about the possibility of the immobilization syndrome. The nurses at the standard and intensive care units in Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. (PLC) and Military Hospital Olomouc were asked to be a research sample. Data were collected by the quantitative exploration method using anonymous questionnaires. In total 110 questionnaires were distributed of which 68 were used for the final evalution. The remainig questionnaires had to be withdrawn from the investigation because they were completed insufficiently by the nurses. This study could help to supplement the educational material for patients with the extension and to increase the knowledge of the nurses in the area of care of such patient.
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