|
|
Herpesvirové infekce zvířat
Křižánková, Petra
This bachelor's thesis deals with important types of herpesvirus diseases in the main species of farm animals as well as in dogs and cats. It individually characterizes selected infections caused by these viruses in cattle, carp, horses, pigs, dogs, and cats. The thesis describes etiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention. Furthermore, there is gived the status of occurrence of individual diseases in the Czech Republic. At the end of the thesis, is described case of herpesvirus diseases of German sheperd female.
|
|
|
Detection of human respiratory DNA viruses in the respiratory tract samples of immunocompromissed patients.
Blagoevová, Kateřina ; Hubáček, Petr (advisor) ; Hirsch, Ivan (referee)
Respiratory tract diseases are of the most common infectious diseases among both children and adult population all over the world. Viruses are the most frequent cause of respiratory diseases. In healthy immunocompetent individuals respiratory infection proceeds mostly without major complications. Immunocompromissed hosts, for example patients after transplatation, are more susceptible to infection and even common infection may be life threatening for them. Human polyomaviruses KI (KIPyV) and WU (WUPyV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) are most frequently detected in the respiratory tract of patients with acute respiratory tract infection primarily in children and in immunosuppressed patients. However, clear causative link between presence of these viruses and the respiratory disease has not been established. In this retrospective study were tested by quantitative real-time PCR 822 (745 from adults and 77 from children) respiratory samples from 380 immunocompromissed patients included 326 adults and 54 children. Viruses were also detected in the 84 peripheral blood samples. The most frequently detected virus was HBoV (6,32 % positive pacients), followed by KIPyV (5,79 % positive pacients) and WUPyV (0, 53 % positive patients). Only HBoV was detected in blood samples. The study confirmed the presence of KI...
|
|
|
Genotypic analysis of human cytomegalovirus in the patients after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplatation.
Javornická, Tereza ; Hubáček, Petr (advisor) ; Španielová, Hana (referee)
In patients after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a human cytomegalovirus (CMV) one of the most important viral pathogens. Its detailed characteristic could provide information about the impact of each CMV genotype on overall survival of the patient, and some serious complications, such as graft versus host disease (GvHD). This thesis deals with retrospective genetic analysis of samples from 1877 patients transplanted at the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Motol and the Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion since 2002. DNA from biological samples (especially whole blood) was isolated kit Qiagen DNA Blood Mini or Qiagen DNA Mini and samples were prospectively detected presence of CMV DNA. Samples were subsequently stored at -20 řC. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR technologies to the genes of 2 structural proteins glycoprotein B, glycoprotein H and using sequence specific primers and probes. In 1343 samples (71.6%) from 390 patients there was only one strain of CMV; in 256 (13.6%) samples from 113 patients have detected mixed infection caused by two or more strains of CMV. The most common genotype demonstrated in "single" infection was in pediatric and adult patients gB1/gH2 detected in 118 (28.4%) patients. Most...
|
|
|
Detection of human respiratory DNA viruses in the respiratory tract samples of immunocompromissed patients.
Blagoevová, Kateřina ; Hubáček, Petr (advisor) ; Hirsch, Ivan (referee)
Respiratory tract diseases are of the most common infectious diseases among both children and adult population all over the world. Viruses are the most frequent cause of respiratory diseases. In healthy immunocompetent individuals respiratory infection proceeds mostly without major complications. Immunocompromissed hosts, for example patients after transplatation, are more susceptible to infection and even common infection may be life threatening for them. Human polyomaviruses KI (KIPyV) and WU (WUPyV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) are most frequently detected in the respiratory tract of patients with acute respiratory tract infection primarily in children and in immunosuppressed patients. However, clear causative link between presence of these viruses and the respiratory disease has not been established. In this retrospective study were tested by quantitative real-time PCR 822 (745 from adults and 77 from children) respiratory samples from 380 immunocompromissed patients included 326 adults and 54 children. Viruses were also detected in the 84 peripheral blood samples. The most frequently detected virus was HBoV (6,32 % positive pacients), followed by KIPyV (5,79 % positive pacients) and WUPyV (0, 53 % positive patients). Only HBoV was detected in blood samples. The study confirmed the presence of KI...
|
|
|
Beast of prey herpesvirus infections
Zabranská, Dominika ; Karlasová, Barbora (advisor) ; Rozinek, Jiří (referee)
Viruses are a very heterogeneous group of microorganisms, which in many characteristics is different from bacteria. In 1957 André M. Lwoff formulated a general virus definition. Virus´s genome is the most important part of the virus from a biological point of view. Virus´s genomes can be divided in two groups according to their properties - DNA viruses and RNA viruses. General strategies of viral replication are very similar and they consist of several stages, which may be different in an order and duration. In 1973 International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses was established, it has been still working as a primary source of information regarding the latest taxonomy of viruses. The name "herpesvirus" is derived from the word creeping (lat. herpes). Herpesviruses are large enveloped DNA viruses with two complementary strands. Replication of the virus takes place in a cell´s nucleus. A characteristic feature of the herpesvirus disease is a lifelong latent phase of the infection. Serious infection stages are observed primarily at young animals, fetuses, immunocompromised patients or as an associated disease in the course of other infections. Canid herpesvirus 1 and Felid herpesvirus 1 are classified in the genus Varicellovirus, in the subfamily Alphaherpesviridae and the family Herpesviridae.
Canid herpesvirus 1 (CaHV1) is a virus infecting mainly genital and respiratory parts; in a lesser extent it also causes eye diseases. It causes death mainly to newborn puppies. CaHV1 is a very demanding in terms of temperature and it can be killed by common disinfectants. It may be transmitted in several ways, including transplacental transmission from mother to fetus. The virus is ubiquitous with worldwide distribution. Since 2003 a vaccine for pregnant females has been available. The host range is generally limited to the family Canidae.
Felid herpesvirus 1 (FHV1) infects domestic and wild felines from the family Felidae. It is relatively unstable in the external environment, very sensitive to common disinfectants and high temperatures. Placental transmission from mother to fetus has not been confirmed. FHV1 is mostly excreted in the eye, nasal or oral secretions. The virus mainly infects the respiratory tract, conjunctiva and corneal epithelium. FHV1 is one of the most frequent and important viral pathogens of domestic cats throughout the world. Serious infection stages are observed primarily at kittens or debilitated animals. Several types of commercial vaccines against Felid herpesvirus 1 are available on the market.
|
guest ::
