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Find out conssiousness of viral hepatitis A, B for the selected group of police officers
Skybová, Alice ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
The diploma work is focused on finding the level of awareness in a selected group of policemen of prevention and possible infection by viral hepatitis A and B. The work is divided into the theoretical and practical parts. The first one deals with the characteristics of those infection diseases, their transmission, clinical symptoms, infection diagnostics, therapy, prognosis and prevention. In the practical part, there are the main and partial objectives of the work and the used method of the research stated, including the course of the research. The questionnaire survey was participated by 95 responders and the findings are processed in the results part. The assessment of the questionnaire survey based on the answers' correctness is a subject of the discussion part. The result was that the selected group of police officers had very good awareness of types A and B hepatitis, which is matching the mark 1,9, though the knowledge of the transmission of these virus diseases, hazardousness and prevention from the infection was weaker. The outcomes of the research have been used to create an education material in form of the informative leaflet which is also a part of the work. Furthermore, I have proposed the content of a possible seminar executed within a policemen's lifelong learning where the...
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Viral hepatitis: novel insights and novel therapeutic interventions.
Davidovová, Eva ; Pávek, Petr (advisor) ; Trejtnar, František (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Bc. Eva Davidovová Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Petr Pávek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Viral hepatitis: novel insights and novel therapeutic interventions. Viral hepatitis is a well-known worldwide problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are characterized by the development of serious complications, especially with regard to the transition to the chronic stage of the disease, associated with the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Interactions between viruses and host cells are quite complicated and not always fully understood. In general, the infection cycle of viruses is a multi-step process. A closer understanding of the entire life cycle of the virus is a major prerequisite for the invention of effective drugs. Viral hepatitis B and C have long been treated mainly with interferon alfa. Ribavirin was later added to HCV treatment and nucleoside / nucleotide analogs (NA) were introduced for HBV. Interferon was later pegylated to improve its properties. However, these drugs did not provide sufficient efficacy and were additionally associated with a number of side effects. It is precisely because of these disadvantages of the current...
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The relationship between the occurrence of infectious diseases and drug use in patients of Internal Medicine Clinic (6th station - Infection) University Hospital in Motol in 2011-12
Englcová, Barbora ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Arientová, Simona (referee)
Backrounds: The data source was a summary dossier on illegal drugs users' which heve been treated at the Department of Internal Medicine (6th station - Infection) University Hospital in Motol in 2011 and 2012. It was provided me by doctors. Objectives: The aim of the research was to determine the patients' compliance with the treatment and to describe the relationship between drug use, length of the drug career and the occurence of the infectious diseases. Methods: The comprehensive statistic information on the clients - drug users (315) which have been treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases of the University Hospital in Motol in 2011 and 2012 was analyzed using the analytical-statistical methods. The ethical principles were preserved. The study is retrospective, it hasn't taken place face meeting with these clients. Results: 315 of drug users were treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases of the University Hospital Motol in 2011 and 2012. There are 128 outpatients and 187 hospitalized following outpatient clinics. All patients were between 15 and 57 years old. The most common mode of drug use was intravenous application. Hepatitis occured in 66.2 % of the hospitalized drug addicts, infections of skin and soft tissues in 19.25 %. The sepsis was the reason of hospitalization in...
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Epidemiology of viral hepatitis E
KOPAL, Jiří
To write this thesis, I chose a topic related to viral hepatitis E. In my opinion, this topic is clearly highly topical and the issue of VHE will be increasingly discussed in the future. Viral hepatitis are in general frequent diseases in developed countries, as well as in the Czech Republic. Nowadays there are known 5 types of hepatitis that to a greater or lesser extent occur in the population. In the Current Status section I will acquaint the reader with the basic anatomical and physiological patterns of functions and structures of the liver tissue, because viral hepatitis - as the name suggests - affects hepatocytes, thus the liver cells. Furthermore, I described from the literature all types of viral hepatitis and introduced differences which occur between them. In particular, I focused intensely on hepatitis E. Before writing this thesis I have identified several hypotheses and objectives. H1: The overall morbidity of VHE for the period 2000-2010 in the Czech Republic is comparable with morbidity in other European countries during the same period. H2: In the Czech Republic, the case of an infection of VHE is more of an occupational disease. From the available literature it was determined that the incidence of VHE in Europe is increasing. The literature also introduced several known cases of occupational disease of VHE for professionals working with pork or pigs and veterinarians, but these cases are rather sporadic. Thus, hypothesis 2 was not confirmed. In my thesis I have also determined a few objectives. Objective 1: To provide an overview of the prevalence of VHE for the period of 2000-2010 in Europe and in the Czech Republic and to determine whether the patterns of the spread of VHE differ in the Czech Republic and in Europe. Objective 2: To determine whether the case of viral hepatitis E in the Czech Republic is a greater occurrence as an occupational illness or a disease with a traveling history. Objective 3: To evaluate the efficacy of preventive and anti-epidemic measures which are applied as a protection against the infection with hepatitis E. The overview of the incidence of infection is presented in tables and graphs in the chapter Results, part of it is listed in the chapter Attachments. Scientific researches of VHE are still basically in the world and in Europe at their beginning. From the literature, I found that not only in Czech Republic but also in other European countries, the VHE is more abundant. Currently it is not known much unambiguous information that would lead to improved effectiveness transmission prevention of VHE in developed countries. Increase in incidence of VHE is here attributed to more frequent examinations of chronic liver disease, thorough diagnosis of drug-induced liver failure and other diseases whose cause has not been definitely clarified. Until recently, the idea of VHE infection amongst patients with no history of traveling was almost taboo. Only further research in this area may help us to better understand the disease and to ensure the prevention, diagnosis and specific treatment. In the meantime, we should follow the precautionary principle.
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