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Vliv plemenné příslušnosti na hodnoty hematologických parametrů u kapra obecného
NÁDASKÝ, Alexandr
The aim of this thesis was to describe the effect of breed affiliation on the values of haematological parameters in selected breeds and interbreeds of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and ornamental variety - koi carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus). A total of 5 groups of fish were included in the experiment and 9 individuals were included in each group. Thus, a total of 45 common carp at one year of age. Each group represented one of the breeds or inter-breed hybrids studied. In the framework of this thesis, haematological parameters were determined in individuals of the AS breed, the synthetic line of Hungarian Mirror Carp (HSM) and hybrids of the breeds Ropšinský x Tatajský carp or Amur mirror carp x HSM. The fifth group was koi carp. The fish were reared in aquaria, where optimal and identical physico-chemical water parameters were ensured throughout the rearing period. The RBC, PCV, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC WBC, Lk and differential leukocyte count were determined from the blood samples collected. Based on the determined values and the results of statistical comparison, it is evident that there are statistically significant differences in RBC, PCV, Hb and WBC values between the compared groups. Individuals from the koi and HSM groups (lower values of RBC, PCV and Hb) differed exclusively from individuals from the AS and interbreed hybrids ROP x TAT and HSM x AL groups. On the other hand, the highest WBC value was determined in fish from the HSM group. Within the leukogram, significant differences were found in the percentages of lymphocytes and metamyelocytes, and only lymphocytes showed significant differences in the absolute values of individual white blood cell types. Even though the fish were reared under similar conditions throughout the experiment, it cannot be completely excluded that some secondary effects on some hematological parameters may have been caused by even very subtle changes and factors (difference in physical activity or water flow in the rearing tank, stress caused by the presence of other individuals, etc.).
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Postnatální změny vybraných krevních parametrů
TRUHLÁŘOVÁ, Nela
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to evaluate changes in hematological parameters in the postnatal period of calves. The literature review describes blood composition, physical properties of blood, hematological parameters and cryptosporidia, which are occurs commonly found in calves. We included 18 calves of holstein cattle and czech calves in the experiments red-spotted cattle, which we divided into two groups according to age. Observation started at 20 days of calf age and ended at 300 days of calf age. The results show that that hematological parameters change in postnatal calves. Concentration erythrocytes increased from birth to 140 days of age, but then with increasing age of calves there was a gradual decrease in the concentration of erythrocytes (from 10,35 × 1012/L at 7,45 × 1012/L).The hematocrit value (from 0,34 l/l to 0,27 l/l), hemoglobin concentration (from 133 ? g/l to 106 ? g/l) and mean erythrocyte volume had similar dynamics, (from 35,57 ? 1,44 fl to 33,12 fl). The leukocyte count in group 2 was in the refer-ence range for adult cattle (8,68 ? to 12,96 ? G/l), but in group 1 (c. parvum, c. bo-vis) they exceeded the reference range, especially in the period between 160.-180. bot-tom (12,96 G/l). The most stable percentage was lymphocytes, which accounted for 59,55 to 78,26% of the total number. In contrast, neutrophilic granulocytes had a signifi-cant tendency to decrease (from 31,70% to 14,53%). Anyway thus, there was a gradual percentage decrease in monocytes (from 9,17% to 7,51%). Platelet counts fluctuated slightly, but the average proportion ranged between 631,83-652,21 G/l.
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Impact of various selenium supplements offered sheep on lambs´vitality
HUPKOVÁ, Petra
The aim of my thesis was to compare the effects of selenium in organic form (bound to Chlorella algae and to yeast) and of selenium in inorganic form (Na2SeO3) on the growth and some chosen hematological and biochemical parameters. Two experiments were conducted. During the first one, the effect of selenium in organic form bound to Chlorella algae and selenium in inorganic form was observed when offered gravid sheep against a control group without selenium. During the second one, the effects of selenium in inorganic form and in various organic forms were monitored when offered the sheep after their delivery. The experiments proved positive impact of selenium offered the sheep already during the period of their gravidity (whether in organic or inorganic form) on the growth of the lambs and some chosen biochemical blood parameters of theirs. Selenium in organic form bound to Chlorella, the fluvial algae, had more positive effects on the lambs´ growth parameters than organic form bound to yeast and than inorganic form (Na2SeO3). The effect of selenium in organic form bound to yeast offered the sheep after their delivery was not better than offering inorganic sodium selenite. Lambs´ growth parameters seem to be better when the sheep are offered selenium already during their gravidity in comparison with the sheep having already delivered. The pure Chlorella added into the feeding ration for gravid sheep has a positive impact on lambs´ birth weight and growth parameters. The need appears to reconsider alcaline phosphatase values which the literature states as objective.
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Hematological changes in fish exposed to nitrites
FRANĚK, Roman
The aim of the thesis was to determine the effect of nitrite on hematological indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). After the fish were exposed to various concentrations of nitrites were determined 48hLC50. For the main test only fractional concentrations of these values were used. For rainbow trout it was 8 mg.l-1 NO2?, for Nile tilapia 11 mg.l-1 NO2?. The exposure of both species lasted for 48 hours. From fish blood were made blood smears to determine the influence of nitrite on size changes of erythrocytes and hematological parameters were set also. The effect of nitrite on changes in the ultrastructure of erythrocytes was determined by the electron microscopy. The erythrocyte nuclei of rainbow trout showed significant (p <0.05) shrinkage. The images of the electron microscope showed an increased amount of changes, especially in the form of various units within the cytoplasm of erythrocytes, was also visible nuclei shrinkage. There was significant (p < 0.01) reduction in the amount of hemoglobin and significant (p < 0.01) increase in the concentration of methemoglobin levels of the exposed groups. In the number of erythrocytes and hematocrit were not detected any changes. Hematological parameters of Nile tilapia did not show any size changes in the measured parameters, no changes were detected in the count of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit values.
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