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Vyhodnocení růstové intenzity jalovic na jejich reprodukční a užitkové vlastnosti
Voldánová, Eliška
The main aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate effects of holstein heifers growth factors and their subsequent reproduction and milk production. The heifers were rear in the same conditions and also their subsequet reproduction and milk production took place in the same stable. No significant (p> 0,05) differences in the weight of heifers weighed a tage of 225, 335, 445 and 580 days were demonstrated for heifers after the sires of the line NXB and for heifers after the sires of the line NEO. Similary, there was no evidence (p> 0,05) of the influence of the order of mother´s lactation on the growth ability of the heifers. From the reproductive indicators of the heifers, the age of embed, the age of calving and the insemination index were monitored. The heifers were most often embed at the age of 13 months. The best age if calving was from the age of 22 to 23 months. Significantly (p <0,05), the best insemination index was found out in heifers from mothers on the 4th and higher lactation (1,17). The best insemination index was shown on the group of heifers which weighed during their time of embed between 400 to 440 kg. The milk production was better after the sires of the line NXB (10556 kg). In terms of grouping by maternal lactation, the best performance was held by heifers after the mother on the 2nd lactation. The content of fat was the similar (about 4 %) in all groups of heifers. The content of protein was similar for all groups of heifers (3,36 %). The best milk production was achieved by heifers calved at the age of 23–24 months. This group had the highest content of fat and proteins. The most favorable milk yield was shown in heifers weighing between 400 to 440 kg at the time of embeding. This group also had the highest fat content, but conversely the lowest protein content.
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Využití krmných aditiv ve výživě jalovic
DVOŘÁK, Adam
Feed additives are a commodity that has been increasingly talked about in recent years. These substances have a number of positive properties and potential for improving digestion and animal health. They increase the quality and quantity of feed received. These products can also be included in the feed ration of heifers. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to develop a literary study dealing with the nutrition of heifers with a focus on the use of feed additives in the feed ration.
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Possibilities of the use of the automatic weighing of cattle to the evaluation of health and the maintenance of the status of the individual animal
BRŮŽKOVÁ, Monika
The aim of this thesis was based on data from the automated systém of weighing of live weight of cattle develop a methodology available for the assessment of the health and the main tenance of the condition of the animals. This systém is being used for dairy cows. Neglected group in the bovine is a category of heifers. To obtain the weight data were used 2 types of weights fixed with the fixing device, when the animal fixate and consider, and fully passable weight with the identification. The tracking was checked 14 heifers, which after a period of time from the 14. 2. 2014 - 27. 3. 2015 regularly weighed at fourteen-day intervals. The data from the scales were processed in tables and graphs, additions heifers were compared with the standards of the breeders association of the Czech piebald cattle.
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Fattening of heifers in Sumava mountains
VALTER, Jiří
The main goal of this master?s thesis is to assess heifer fattening conducted in two grazing cycles in the mountain region of Southern Bohemia. The observation was carried out in two cycles in the years 2008/2009 and 2010/2011. A total of 99 heifers was observed, all of them crossbreeds of Aberdeen Angus or Simmental cattle. In the first grazing cycle, the heifers were raised on pasture together with the mothers and stabled for the winter season. The heifers were slaughtered after the end of the second grazing cycle in the next year. Live weight of the heifers was recorded at the end of the first grazing cycle, at the end of the winter season and again at the end of the second grazing cycle. The weight of the dressed carcass and results of the SEUROP carcass classification were further recorded. The average daily gain was calculated for each period from the live weight. The data set was sorted by the month of birth and by the SEUROP class score. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel. In order to evaluate the results, basic statistical parameters were calculated for each of the selected variables and the cogency of the differences between the groups was tested with the two-tailed t-test at the corresponding level of significance. The average weight of the heifers at the end of the first grazing cycle was 281,2 kg, average weight at the end of the winter season was 366,1 kg and the average weight at the end of the second grazing cycle was 511,6. The average age of the heifers at the end of the first grazing cycle was 221,5 days and they were slaughtered at the average age of 568,9 days. The average daily gain was 1,16 kg during the first grazing cycle, 0,53 kg during the winter season and 0,81 kg during the second grazing cycle. The lifetime average daily gain was 0.85 kg. Net gain averaged 0,45 kg per heifer. The average weight of the dressed carcass was 253,8 kg. 2,1 % of the heifers gained SEUROP class ?U?; 54,5 % class ?R? and 43,4 % class ?O?. The heifers showed considerable variability, especially in the weight at the end of the second grazing cycle (sx = 42,4 kg). Data analysis revealed correlations of r2=0,62 between weaning weight and slaughter weight and r2=0,69 between weaning weight and JUT weight.
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EFFECT OF REARING HEIFERS GRAZING ON MILK YIELD AND FERTILITY
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Lenka
The agricultural cooperative Opařany 160 pieces were selected for breeding cows anddivided into two groups. Pasture rearing and stable rearing. Which was observed fertility and milk yield. After an overall assessment of the breeding heifers, in 2007 the results of reproduction was worse in pasture system of heifer rearing. By contrast, in the next reporting period in 2008 the grazing system of heifer rearing embody improved results than rearing in stables. After a general evaluation of milk yield, the grazing system of heifer rearing is worse in 2007. In particural the amount of milk in kg and kg of protein. By contrast, in the next reporting period in 2008 the grazing system of heifer rearing reachedimproved results compared stable rearing. And as the number of milked milk in kg, and milk ingredients - % fat, which is in pasture breeding higher in all of KU. The reason of low milk yield results and reproduction charakteristic is especially in poor nutrition and ill-prepared rations, or fed on poor quality components. In the grazing system of rearing the lack of growth in individual animals is due to missing supplementary feed. And for both groups, we should look for causes of poor management and the transfer of young animals to the reproduction and subsequent production should be taken into account the current condition, not age.
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Noise mapping in livestock buildings for cattle.
MATĚJŮ, Aleš
The content of this work is to describe the structural characteristics of the objects and characteristics of production technologies. The main objective is to measure noise levels in selected buildings on their land borders. Measurements were stables for breeding heifers and calves. Furthermore, to ensure data from these measurements and their evaluation.
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Fattening heifers on pasture
VALTER, Jiří
The main goal of this bachelor{\crq}s theses is to assess heifer fattening conducted in two grazing cycles in the mountain region of Southern Bohemia. The observation was carried out in the years 2008 and 2009. A total of 51 heifers was observed, all of them crossbreeds of Aberdeen Angus or Simmental cattle. In the first grazing cycle, the heifers were raised together with the mothers on a pasture and stabled for the winter season. The heifers were slaughtered after the end of the second grazing cycle, which followed the next year. Light weight of the heifers was recorded at the end of the first grazing cycle, at the end of the winter season and again at the end of the second grazing cycle. The weight of the dressed carcass and the SEUROP classification was further recorded. The average daily gain was calculated for each period from the live weight. The data set was sorted by the month of birth of the heifer and by the SEUROP classification. Statistical data analyses were carried out using the Excel software. In order to evaluate the results, basic statistical parameters were calculated for each of the selected variables and the cogency of the differences between the groups was tested with the two-tailed t-test at the corresponding level of significance. The average weight of the heifers at the end of the first grazing cycle was 266.0 kg, average weight at the end of the winter season was 349.8 kg and the average weight at the end of the second grazing cycle was 512.3 kg. The average age of the heifer at the end of the first grazing cycle was 216 days and they were slaughtered at the average age of 574 days. The average daily gain during the first grazing cycle was 1.14 kg, during the winter season 0.57 kg and during the second grazing cycle 0.78 kg. The lifetime average daily gain was 0.85 kg. The average weight of the dressed carcass was 247.1 kg. 60.8 % of the heifers gained the SEUROP class ``O`` and 39.2 % the class ``R`` or ``U``. The heifers showed considerable variability, especially in the weight at the end of the second grazing cycle (sx = 43.9 kg). Heifers gained the SEUROP class ``R`` or ``U`` showed higher weight at the end of both the first and second grazing cycle, higher weight of the dressed carcass and higher average daily gain during the winter season and during the second grazing cycle, compared with the heifers gained the SEUROP class ``O``.
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Rearing heifers from the perspective of animal welfare
VOBINUŠKOVÁ, Zlata
The aim of this work was to assess and compare the conditions for rearing of heifers kept in two different houses to ensure the welfare of animals. Comparing is carried out in farms with breeding heifers Bohemian Spotted Cattle. By monitoring a group of heifers were included (hybrids Bohemian Spotted Cattle) of the nominated teams. Both groups counted 42 head of heifers. Monitoring took place in the open rearing stable Kámen and by stanchion rearing stable in Křeč. For behavioral monitoring was chosen method of direct observation of a group with an interval of length 10 minutes. Monitoring activities were: feed intake, standing, lying and moving. In addition to these basic activities were recorded and comfortable behavior agonist behavior and vocalization. In addition to the two houses were evaluated ethological monitoring and other parameters, such as reproductive performance, herd management, the very construction, technology, housing, bioclimatic in buildings, in a stable operating mode, etc.
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