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Molecular mechanisms of heat stress memory in plants
Zelená, Julie ; Hála, Michal (advisor) ; Konrádová, Hana (referee)
Global warming is one of the main factors contributing to the decline in crop yield and overall plant biodiversity. Increasing surface temperatures of the Earth result in heightened demands on plant to cope with heat stress. Heat stress causes various damages to plants, primarily denaturation of cellular proteins, loosening of biomembranes, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants cells defend against heat stress through lipid remodeling of membranes, increased production of ROS scavengers, and primarily increased production of heat shock proteins (HSP), which are molecular chaperons maintaining proteins properly folded even at temperatures that would otherwise cause denaturation. Plants have developed mechanism to cope with recurring heat stress, such as heat waves, that is referred to as acquired thermotolerance and is enabled by the plant's ability to undergo stress memory. Key to stress memory is priming, which involves preparing the plant for very strong heat stress by exposing it to milder heat stress beforehand. Following priming, there comes a memory period, that is also called recovery period, during which the cell maintains altered molecular expression and physiology. The mechanisms of heat stress memory are divided into transcriptional and post- transcriptional,...
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