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The health care - public or private goods
Havlíčková, Anna ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
The main of objective of this diploma thesis is to define health care as economic goods based on the theoretical definitions. The fact whether health care should be considered as private goods or public goods plays a vital role in this debate. The initial hypothesis presupposes that health care is (based on the basic economic criteria) private goods; however there is objective evidence demonstrating that health care should be understood in terms of public goods. The author defines the necessary terminology and theoretical concepts. According to several expert concepts the author concludes that based on the basic economic definitions health care could be understood as private goods, admitting that in the real world objective limitations exist, which prevent keeping health care exclusively in the economic sphere. The thesis also evaluates the role of individual health care sectors, including their drawbacks. The author demonstrates all concepts on the Czech health care system. In the analytic part of the thesis the author demonstrates discrepancies between theoretical concepts and practice on specific models, including the risks of exclusively private financing of health care. For this purpose three income groups has been defined. The author compares expenditures of these groups on selected medical services with different levels of their savings. The thesis also deals with methods of economical analysis and its limitations in health care system analysis.
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Reforma zdravotnictví v USA
Zemanová, Iva ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Běláčková, Vendula (referee)
This thesis is concerned with US health care. It is focused especially on the health insurance market. It introduces basic characteristics of the US insurance system and discusses its main problems. The goal of this thesis is to determine whether voluntary private insurance is the main source of problems that the US health care system currently experiences. In order to do that, greatest deficiencies of US insurance policies, especially private ones, are identified based on the efficiency criterion. It is also briefly evaluated if identified deficiencies are going to be affected by the current health care reform.
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The needs of Ukrainians and its fulfilment in the region of České Budějovice
ZASSIEDKO, Jana
This bachelor thesis is a probe into the lives of Ukrainians in South-Bohemia region. The target group are Ukrainians, which are staying in the Czech republic on the basis of long-term stay for purpose of employment, business activity or family unification and also Ukrainians with permanent residence, whose previous long-term stay has just been connected to one of the above-mentioned purposes. This work is proposing to map problems, which is delineated target group facing in their lives in the Czech Republic and to try to conclude their needs. In search of possibilities of fulfilment of these needs is taking notice of the function of state, helping organisations and church. The practical part is presenting outcomes of qualitative research that was done among the Ukrainians from chosen urban areas from South-Bohemia region. The target of research was to describe problems that are facing and if their problems and needs are in line with those that are described in theoretical part or if these Ukrainians are facing problems that are rather different.
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Targets of legislation health insurance effective from 1.1.2009 in the discrit Jindřichův Hradec.
TUČKOVÁ, Iva
The area of a sickness insurance, I have chosen for my diploma thesis, is not only important for me in terms of my working life, but as well as for my private life, because a temporary working incapacity and a title for sickness insurance benefits accompanies a life of each of us, either directly in our family circle or among friends or colleagues. The working incapacity, as a social event, is familiar to all of us. Someone meets it more often, someone less often, however it always influences our private as well as working life from a financial perspective, it has an impact on our working duties and it strikes our family groove. At the same time it has a very human dimension, since it concerns the most valuable we have ? it is our health. It deepens solidarity among people, mutual support and empathy. I have chosen the above topic also for the reason that I had already been working in the area of the sickness insurance for five years. I am interested whether there have been met the main objectives from the new legislation especially in terms of savings in financial means, a decrease of a number of temporary incapacities and a prevention of a misusage of the temporary working incapacities. The main aim of this thesis is to analyze individual areas of an implementation of the sickness insurance and on the basis of obtained results and statistical data to evaluate whether the main objectives of the sickness insurance legislation from January 1st, 2009 in the region of Jindřichův Hradec were met. Three hypotheses were presented in the thesis. The first premise said that with the effectiveness of this law financial means had spent on the sickness insurance benefits had been saved. The second premise was a decrease of the temporary incapacities and the third proven one was the meeting of the main objectives of the legislation in the whole implementation range of the sickness insurance in the region of Jindřichův Hradec. Two research methods were chosen; an analysis of documents, a technique of a secondary analysis and a content analysis. The second method was a semi-structured interview with professionals in the area of the sickness insurance. Defined hypotheses were confirmed by the carried out research. Financial means spent on the sickness insurance benefits were saved very dramatically already in the first half of the effectiveness of this law and the number of temporary incapacities decreased by one third of cases in that period. The third hypothesis was also confirmed by both chosen research methods and defined objectives of the new legislation were met in the region of Jindřichův Hradec. The defined aims of the diploma thesis were achieved, hypotheses were verified, there were mentioned important remarks and changes and provisions, which would lead to another streamlining of the sickness insurance system, were proposed. The obtained results are beneficial for my work in this area and they are a motivation as well as a challenge to other research activities.
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Experience with exercising the new Health Insurance Act.
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Eva
The Bachelor's work is called "Experience of the application of the Act on Health Insurance". The work describes targets and principles, concept and structure of the new Act on Health Insurance. A separate part deals with health insurance benefits, obligations of employers, insured persons and social security authorities. For comparison the work presents the health insurance system before the new enforceable health insurance legal regulations came into force, i.e. before 31st December 2008. The aim of the work is to describe experience of the application of the new Act on Health Insurance, its pros and cons from the perspective of insured persons, employers and employees of social security authorities; to find out if the reduction of expenses for health insurance benefits was achieved and the insured persons are better motivated to reduce their sickness leave. To find out given problems I choose a qualitative research, inquiry method, semi-standardized discussion technique and document analysis method, secondary data analysis technique. Discussions were held with 12 respondents from insured persons, employers and employees of social security authorities. The research shows that after the new Act on Health Insurance took effect the expenses for health insurance benefits have decreased and the insured persons have been motivated to decrease their temporary sickness leave. A majority of the respondents is convinced of the increased administrative burden of the new system. Within the performed research were acquired opinions of insured persons, employers and employees of social security authorities which can serve as a topic of a potential discussion about an amendment of the Act on Health Insurance.
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Social security and living standards of women on maternity and parental leave in the CR
JÍLKOVÁ, Lada
The work deals with the current system of social security - security of women on maternity and parental leave in the Czech Republic. Also examines the employment of women during maternity and parental leave in connection with social and living standards of families with children. This is a theoretical analysis of the social benefits guaranteed by the state and provided to women, in turn dependent families with young children, based on the conditions and possibilities of their implementation. Starting a family is a social event that is perceived by the positive. To support families with young children, the state spends some means and make sure the measures to a woman {--} a mother in the maternity and parenting to provide and protect. For this reason, a large part of this thesis focused on an overview of the social benefits associated exclusively with motherhood and parenting, both in terms of social policy, family, and in terms of labor law. Following this theme is part of the work and paid employment opportunities for women on maternity and parental leave. Are outlined ways and forms of employment of women and the reasons that women in this period led to in the period of maternity and parental leave, return back to work.
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Health and social insurance of self-employed
ZÁVODSKÁ, Iveta
Self-employers are subject to health and social insurance system if they run their business in the Czech Republic and comply with the conditions which are specified in this work. The fact that people can be fully or partly self-employed affects the ways of paying insurance. I have tried to to describe the system of health and social insurance in the Czech Republic together with its payers in this bachelor thesis. However, special attention is paid to self-employers as subjects to this system. Practical part of the thesis is focused on the current situation in insurance payments and advance payments of fully and partly self-employed people. It has been analysed through a self-gainful activity of a person in South Bohemia whose business consists in purchasing and selling goods, mainly electronics and computer technology. I have used his income survey provided for this purpose.
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The social security system in the Czech Republic
ROUBALOVÁ, Šárka
Thesis focuses on social security system at Czech Republic, mainly on health insurance area. The aim of the thesis is to analyze healt insurance development, which projects itself into calculations of healt insurance allowances (sickness compensation, motherhood financial support and nursing compensation) and to evaluate influence of legislative changes during observed period of time (2005 {--} 2010) at these calculations. Thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical one, which describes all social security system areas as they were at year 2005 from the employee point of view and from the accounting viewpoint as well. Second part consists from five chaptures, where is gradually described choosen company {--} Southbohemian regional veterinary administration {--} profile, it´s social security obligations as an employer, calculations of healt insurance allowances and in conclusion results evaluation and legislative changes influence assesment.
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