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The Loneliness as a Phenomenon of the Old Age.
ONDRÁČKOVÁ, Miroslava
The main aim of this work is to map the level of loneliness of seniors in an early old age between 65 75 years. It is also important to find out whether seniors feel lonely and if so, what are the reasons of loneliness, how is the loneliness influenced by the physical and psychological health, family, friends, hobbies and the overall attitude to life. I divided the work to research and empirical chapters. The research chapter has two sections. The first section is aimed at different views of an old age. Positive psychology with personality strengths is also mentioned in this section. Recent studies about loneliness are summed up in the second section. The qualitative research of loneliness is described in the empirical chapter. Seven participants living alone in an apartment or a house took part in this research. The method of snowball sampling was used to get the participants who were interviewed using a semi-structured dialogue. During the research interview I used the interrogation method with prepared questions and then asked additional questions in case of doubt. A personality strengths questionnaire was a part of the interview. The whole interview was recorded and subsequently rewritten into this work. The personality strengths questionnaire was used to compare the results of the qualitative research with the strengths of questioned seniors. The results of my work showed that the loneliness as a phenomenon of an old age truly exists. The research also showed that more than 50% of questioned seniors feel lonely in an early old age. This may lead to a conclusion that the loneliness is an important problem. Since the feelings of loneliness are eliminated by an abundance of social contacts and hobbies, we should consider creating an environment which would help the seniors better manage the feelings of loneliness. Moreover, the personality strengths like sense for curiosity and interest in the world, optimism with future orientation, vitality and enthusiasm are the strengths of the interviewed seniors, who never feel lonely or on rare occasions. Therefore, it would be beneficial to strengthen personality strengths of seniors and educate them to be more active in order to maintain vitality and optimism until the late old age. I see the solution of the problem of loneliness mainly in prevention. It is important to prepare for the retirement as early as in the productive age in order to have enough social contacts and a broad spectrum of hobbies.
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The support of healthy lifestyle by romany women
VÍTKOVÁ, Dominika
Abstract Bachelor work theme is support of healthy lifestyle of gipsy women. Bachelor work is separated into two parts - part theoretical and experimental. In the theoretical part there is described characteristic of gipsy ethnicity, further are defined notions such as health, prevention, illness, individual parts of healthy and unhealthy of lifestyle. Last section in the theoretical part of this bachelor work is given to task of midwife. First goal of this work was to find out, whether gipsy women are obtains information about healthy lifestyle from midwifes. Second goal was focussed on whether gipsy women follow conventions of healthy lifestyle. Two experimental questions were asked: How are gipsy women informed about healthy lifestyle from midwife? And how the gipsy women keep healthy lifestyle? In practical part of this bachelor work the qualitative method was used. Data gathering was executed by the individualized talks. Basis of the talk were sets of prepared questions which helped with simplification of processing of answers. Questions were focused on healthy lifestyle. Respondents could explain their opinion on the theme. Experimental set was formed of 5 gipsy women from 18 to 55 years living on different places of the Czech Republic and 5 midwifes working in gynaecological attendances. The talks proceeded on before appointed places where the women had enough privacy to express their opinion. Before talking the respondents have had a possibility to sign Application agreement of cooperation in which was guaranteed anonymity of data. Before this agreement they were also informed about using these talks for needs of bachelor work. This request all women underwrote. Talks were recorded to the Dictaphone and consequently wrote. On base of the gathering information were formed main categories and subcategories by the help of colouring of the text. In experimental investigation of gipsy women were determined two major categories. First category - gipsy women lifestyle and within there were determined subcategories: diet, free time, drugs, stress and intimate hygiene. Second major category - knowledge of gipsy women included subcategories: prevention, sex, contraception, received information and source of education. During processing results in experimental investigation with midwives was determined one major category: Education of gipsy women that includes subcategories: diet, physical activities, drugs, intimate hygiene, sex, contraception, prevention and way of education. In results of the research are recorded answers of gipsy women to questions about healthy lifestyle as well as answers of midwives how do they teach gipsy women about it. Bachelor work pointed where gipsy women have got not enough information. Their lack of information often causes that the gipsy women are unknowingly exposed to risk behaviour that has negative influence on human organism. They are not well informed about dealing with contraception, intimate hygiene, prevention before sexually illness as well as prevention of breast carcinoma. On the other side gipsy women have sufficient information in the area of pregnancy interruption. Mostly it is because they have their own experiences with it. Results of this investigation show that gypsy women don't keep on healthy lifestyle. From the answers of midwives results on which theme of healthy lifestyle they should focused on during their education. They should force on education of healthy diet, physical activities, relaxation, sleeping. They also should inform gipsy women about prevention of large intestine cancer. The results show that there is no feedback because answers of women and midwives were different in many ways.
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Work as a social determinant and its influence to health of medical staff in selected hospitals
FRYDRÝNOVÁ, Anna
This Master's thesis called "Labour as a Social Determinant and its Influence on the Health of Medical Staff in Selected Hospitals" is divided into two main sections. The first section summarizes current knowledge from both Czech and world literature from the field of social determinants related to health and labour. The second part of this work deals with the aim of the research, data collection and data processing methods as well as with the very evaluation of the output information and a discussion of the results elicited. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters and consists of basic issues related to the aim of this Master's thesis. The first chapter describes social determinants of health from various points of view. One of the chapter's components is a description of a current conception of these determinants. The second chapter deals with the construct of health, its definition and its conception. Last but not least it treats health as a determiner. The third chapter summarizes a social determinant of labour and labour-related terms. The author is further concerned with the importance of work for humans and with labour safety and hygiene. The fourth and last chapter is dedicated to public health of the Czech republic, its history, the system of health care and further focuses on the structure and services of Ostrov hospital and Sokolov hospital. The aim of this Master's thesis is proposed in the empirical part of this work. The aim was to map the influence of labour as a social determinant of the health of medical staff in selected hospitals. Next, constitutive objectives were established. Their purpose was to map the impact of workplace relationships and their influence on the overall health of medical staff as well as the impact of working environment including salary, working hours, work agenda and workplace security on the overall health of medical staff. The following hypotheses were assessed in connection with the objectives of this work: H1: Workplace relations of medical staff affects their overall health. H2: Salary affects the overall health of medical staff. H3: Working hours affects the overall health of medical staff. H4: Work agenda affects the overall health of medical staff. H5: Workplace safety affects the overall health of medical staff. Based on the statistical testing hypotheses 1, 3 and 4 were confirmed. Hypotheses 2 and 5 were not confirmed. The enquiry within the framework of this Master's thesis was conducted using a quantitative research. The interviewing method and the technique of questionnaire were used for data acquirement. The questionnaire was composed from questions regarding the matter of inquiry, questions evaluating subjective health of the respondents, questions related to the occupation of the people addressed. The round of questions was finally targeted at the issue of respondents' health vs. their work. The questionnaire was anonymous. The research distribution was accomplished via Deputy Minister of health care in both hospitals. The research file was formed by a medical staff who work in Sokolov hospital and Ostrov hospital. The resulting data were entered and processed using SPPS program vision 16.0 and 23.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science). The data were further evaluated and processed via graphs and tables in absolute numbers and percentages. After the evaluation of all questions in the questionnaire I reached a conclusion that labour as a social determinant of health has impact on the health of medical staff. I shall also assume that the majority of respondents were quite positive while rating the overall complacence with their jobs. Their complacence appears despite the mental rather than physical demand which undoubtedly goes with medical careers as well as despite their work conditions and workplace relationship which all impact their overall health.
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The responsibility of students of nursing for their health
HELMICHOVÁ, Veronika
Title: The responsibility of students of nursing for their health Current situation: the health development of young people is closely connected with family and other social relationships outside the family circle. Within the good functioning family youngsters gain their social and health routine, that can be follow up during all their lives. These the basics for the responsibility of their health. The young population nowadays will be better informed of the basics of the healthy lifestyle, because education of health is going to be taught at schools. Young people are in danger typical for this period of their lives. The most typical dangerous factors are smoking, alcohol, using of drugs, wrong diet and lack of exercise. Especially students of nursing should be more responsible for that, they are the role models for their contemporary and members of family and friends. Target: The thesis is focused on the changes of lifestyle of students of nursing going through grades individually. Analyse the lifestyle risks of students of nursing. Methodics: This thesis was driven by quantitative research. Information was collected by index of health survey, from Nursing part one, Kozierova book, page 571. Information was processed in Microsoft Excel 2007 and rated by pivot chart. The chi square (considered agreement test) was used for the statistics testing. We worked out diagrams of answers for each questions of our respondents. Their answers were compared against the length of their studies. The tests accomplished reliability of 95%, the level of signification was defined on the value of 0,05 (5%). The relations inside the pivot chart were described by sign pattern. Research complex: The research complex was generated by students of health and social faculty of the University of the South Bohemia In Ceske Budejovice, universal nurse subject, full-time study, 1st, 2nd and 3rd year. One hundred and twenty surveys were handled and the same number of surveys was used for the research. Considering the fact that there are no students male, only students female filled in the survey. Outcome: One hypothesis was set down to confirm or confute. The hypothesis one said: I consider that there are differences in the students responsibility for their own health according to the length of their studies. The significant relation was detected between the length of their studies and other reasons like health disability, regular relaxation, excessive muscle stress and warm or dry hands. There were no significant relation detected between the length of the their study and their nutrition, addictive substances, strengthening of their heart and blood-vessels, motion, taking care of themselves, stress, self-control, life purpose, responsibility for their health and illnesses. Conclusion: The research did not detect any relation between the length of their studies and the basic components of their lifestyle aswell as nutrition, sufficient exercise, consumption of addictive substances or stress. Even though the main role of the nurse is health support, students themselves do not follow up this priority. The education of health should dedicate more attention to these risk parts and the support of lifestyle and health.
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Social and health aspects of smoking in the Army of the Czech Republic
ŠVÁB, Jindřich
Bachelor thesis deals with the theme of tobacco smoking among soldiers of the Army of the Czech Republic, ordepending on them. The aim of this thesis is to describe the situation of smoking in a selected group of respondents from two military batallions in southern Bohemia. The otheraimis to find out what Professional soldiersmean about negative lifestyle factors of smoking, and are they aware of the social and health aspects of smoking. This bachelor thesis is dividend into the oretical and research part. In the theoretical part are provided informatik about tobacco, health consequences of smoking, addiction, the impalt of smoking on smoking in ACR. The research part, which was performed by a questionnaire, deals with addiction on nicotin in ACR. It examines the quantity of smokers and non-smokers in the workplace, relations between soldiers and the influence of stressfuls ituations on smoking. The results show that the degree of dependence on tobacco products at the Czech Army is a few percent lower than in the general population (28-32% of the population), and 25% of smokers of hundred respondents between 20-35 years of age. Surprisingly it was also found that stressful situations that are caused by demanding service in the Army, do not call the selected respondents desire a cigarette or use other tobacco products. This group accounts for only 2% of a hundred respondents.
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Human health and energy improvement through colours
VAŘEKOVÁ, Barbora
My bachelor thesis is focused on an impact of colours on human health. I describe a historical development of colours knowledge, what the colours are, how could influence human body and psyche. The colours surround everybody almost everywhere and therefore I describe a characteristic of each colour. The only favour of a human to the certain colour indicates his personality and therefore I consider this topic very interesting from psychological perspective. I also deal with energetic centres in human body, so called "chakras" and with their harmonization using different technique of colours. In conclusion I present a few colours therapies related to the health development. I believe my thesis could enhance a wide range of education processes as well as an area dealing with the healthy lifestyle.
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Find of opinions of older school aged children on health, exercise and sport at the gymnasium in Susice
PÁDECKÝ, Pavel
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find opinion, relations and knowledge of older school aged children about health, exercise, sport and healthy lifestyle. This work will help us to determine which effect have the Family, school, TV and surroundings. In connection with topics we will find out which extracurricular activities kids prefer to do. All investigation we supported with basics somatometric measurements, while the results we will compare with standards. For the research method we used questionnaires and measurement method and dates with results from measurements we compared with standards. The research passed 176 childrens from eight years gymnasium in Sušice. Research has shown, that children have mostly positive relation to sport. The research give to us the answer, that parents help to develop the right habits for a healthy lifestyle and this kids understand to these terms and meanings. Sport movements is for them still attractive and important.
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Gastrointestinal diseace of senior people in relation to lifestyle
TICHÁ, Anděla
Main thought of this work is research of digestive apparatus of senior people in relation to (healthy) lifestyle. In introduction I explain basic terms connected with nutrition, health, illness and prevention. In the next chapter I put attention to identify health condition and signals that human body gives when it not getting all that it needs. The content part of this work is focused on determinants that influence our health. I put attention to complex point of view. Reader will get information what is the optimal drinking regime, what macronutrition and micronutrition body needs, what it the categorization of those and what food we can get those from. I go to detail in needs of movement, rest, sleep and mental hygiene. This material generalizes actual needs of healthy lifestyle that can be used as help, to build and to strengthen in long term right habits for health and vitality.
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Lifestyle characteristics of members of the police in South Bohemia
ŠTEFL, Jan
This thesis deals with the lifestyle of policemen of Czech Republic in South Bohemia. The aim of this study is to discuss the most risky aspects the lifestyle of policemen of Czech Republic in South Bohemia. The questionnaire method and cotent analysis were used in this research. Policemen of South Bohemia, specifically jindřichohradecký and českobudějovický took part in research. Total number of respondents was 100. The theoretical part is concerning specific terms like lifestyle, funeral, exercise, nutrition, stress, relaxation and overall characteristic of policemen of Czech Republic. In the practical part the results of filled-in questionnaires were analyzed, using the method of Pearson´s chi square to test the null hypothesis. On the basis of data that we acquired, following statements can be pronounced: 67% of respondents are non-smokers; only 7% of respondents do not regullarly have breakfast; daily income of fluids is 2 l or more for 57% of respondents; stressful situations are fully handled by 66% of respondents. From those results we assume that most of policemen in South Bohemia are familiar with healthy lifestyle and that they abide to its rules.
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