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The influence of essential oils on nematode Heterodera schachtii
Rejchrtová, Pavlína ; Zouhar, Miloslav (advisor) ; Mazáková, Jana (referee)
The sugarbeet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) belong to one of the most importatnt pests of sugar beet in our country and also worldwide. Its occurrence cause economic losses on growing sugar beet. High contamination of fields can lead to interruption of cultivation of sugar beet.
The purpose of my thesis was make searches on topic of the sugarbeet cyst nematode (BCN), its occurrence, life cycle, the symptoms of attack and preventive and other protection options. Next target was examinete the impact of selected essential oils on mortality of H. schachtii and their direct or indirect effects on BCN under controlled greenhouse conditions in pot experiment.
For testing of dirrect effect of essential oils 23 various essential oils from two companies (Salus and Sigma) were taken. Firstly 0,5 % concentration of essential oils was tested. For each variant was established three replicates, and two control variant. The sugarbeet cyst nematodes were exposed to the direct action of the essential oils for 24 hours, then the experiment was evaluated. In the case of essences FV, FEO, ANO, PA and TAO were further tested concentrations of 0,4 %, 0,3 %, 0,2 % and 0,1 %. For testing of indirrect effect of essences were ranked five essential oils (FV, FEO, PA, ANO, TAO) showing in the direct effect testing experiment 100% efficiency on nematode mortality. After 24 hours of incubation, the fitrate papers with nematodes were transfered into Baerman funnels and living nematode were extracted and counted. For testing the efficiency of essential oils under in vivo conditions were established pot tests under controlled greenhouse condition. It was founded 5 variants (FV, FEO, PA, ANO, TAO) and control variant (K), each of the five repetions. After 90 days was experiment evaluated by extraction of nematode cysts by Fenwick can.
From the experimental results I can conclude, that different essential oils used in this study showed various effectiveness on mortality of sugar beet cyst nematode. Results of pot experiment suggest statisticaly significant difference of the number of cysts. Results of pot tests also showed, that essential oils had also some influence on the growth characteristics of sugar beet, namely ground biomass and root system weight.
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