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Some differences in the biology and behavior of the species eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei) and western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla)
Kotýnková, Nicola ; Kracíková, Olga (advisor) ; Tománek, Pavel (referee)
Genus Gorilla is divided into two species includes four subspecies and one subspecies unrecognized.
Gorillas are the largest living apes and and eight million years ago, as a line, they separated themselves from family Hominidae.
These populations are found in nine African countries and they are separated by forest Congo.
Their most developer sense is vision. The body is adapted for knuckle-walking and their limbs are adapted to grip, with moveable arms and long arms. They have a mighty body with a robust skull and teeth with bumps for processing a hard food.
Gorillas excel significant sexual dimorphism, which is characterized by variously sized body.
Thanks reproduction arises extensive diversity within species in different strategies that help increase fitness. Dominant males mate with sexually mature females, while males with lower status mate with younger females because they are not fertile yet. Compared to that family groups have only one silverback male with which the female mate.
There are substantial differences in eating habits between gorillas. Dietary differences between species and subspecies are caused mainly by food availability. Gorillas are considered for herbivorous and frugivorous animals.
Gorilla groups are polygenic. With one dominant silverback male a few females and their descendants, they form a cohesive group.
They create nest for sleeping every night which different in location and stage of construction.
They communicate with each other through the auditory, visual and chemical signals. They use approximately 102 types of gestures and 17 types of audio signals to communicate.
In wild gorillas using tools is scarce, therefore mainly used to get food from difficult sources most of its body. While gorillas in captivity use tools successfully.
To protect against predators, the female consort with males who protect them.
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