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Analysis of the selection program for the White Shorthaired qoat in the Czech Republic
Holecová, Alena ; Přibyl, Josef (advisor) ; Vít, Vít (referee)
Selection program is a set of principles and practices for genetic improvement of animals. The aim of breeding is to ensure the desired level of production traits and thereby to influence the economic results of farming in favor of farmers. Genetic improvement is achieved by selecting the best individuals as parents for the next generation. The basis for the organization of a selection program are breeding goals, appropriate selection criteria and a system to performance record. Next step is the selection of the best individuals and their mating based on established principles. The quality of the selection program is given by the selection response in traits, maintaining the genetic diversity expressed by the rate of inbreeding and the economic profit. In the case of genetic resources, among which the White Shorthaired goat in the Czech Republic belongs, the emphasis is on maintaining the genetic diversity, but also for the economic gain, which increases the interest in the breed. The achieved genetic gain, the rate of inbreeding and economic profit are compared with the expected and in case of differences are the causes analysed and the program changed. In the breeding program for the White Shorthaired goat in the Czech Republic are set the breeding objectives and the performance record system. The organization of the mating ensures avoidance of the inbreeding. The breeding value is not estimated, the parents of the next generation are selected on the basis of measured gross phenotypic values for protein content in milk and of the exterior evaluation. It is not possible to evaluate the genetic progress. In the analysis of selection programs in chosen countries (France, Switzerland, Croatia, Slovenia, Germany and Austria), it was found that in all these countries is the breeding values of the animals estimated by using BLUP - Animal Model for production traits, exterior or fertility, or it is currently being prepared. I recommend to estimate the breeding value for the amount of milk, protein and fat for the White Shorthaired goat in the Czech Republic and create a selection index with emphasis on the amount of protein in milk as a base for the selection of the parents of the next generation. I also recommend the introduction of the linear exterior evaluation because of the possibility of a more precise evaluation of the exterior traits that are associated with the production traits, health, fertility and longevity, and estimating the breeding value in these indicators
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