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Evaluation of children with fecal incontinence.
Damková, Adéla ; Lepšíková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Havlíčková, Michaela (referee)
The bachelor's thesis on the possibilities of objective examination of children with fecal incontinence is presented in the form of a review with case studies. The introductory theoretical part is devoted to the basic anatomical knowledge of the pelvic floor, the physiology of the defecation process, micturition, and the mechanism of fecal incontinence, as well as the often associated urinary incontinence. Furthermore, the causes of fecal incontinence with regard to the pediatric population are mentioned. The special section includes methods of evaluation and examination of fecal incontinence used in pediatric patients, and last but not least, the issue of biofeedback as a therapy aimed at strengthening the pelvic floor muscles is presented. The practical part of the thesis includes two case studies of patients, which include an initial kinesiological examination, therapy description, and photo documentation.
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The childern encopresis as a nursing problem
TILLEROVÁ, Zuzana
Encopresis is an arbitrary or involuntary passing of stool in inappropriate places or repeated passing of stool into clothing. Each child has an individual development of bowel control and therefore arbitrary passing of stool is not considered a medical problem in children up to four years of age. Spontaneous passing of stool or fecal soiling is usually involuntary in nature. Encopresis often occurs concurrently with enuresis and may be part of other organic or psychiatric disorders, including behavioral disorders. The first time a child patient with encopresis and their parents meet with health professionals is usually at the general practitioner for children and adolescents. Other cases are first diagnosed during admission to an inpatient facility, predominantly psychiatric care. The results of the research investigation show the nurses' lack of theoretical knowledge in recognizing encopresis in children; however, they have mastered the nursing process of these children due to their long-term practice. Nurses described the issues of nursing children with encopresis. The research investigation and case studies show that the most important roles of the nurse are to assist the child with encopresis in hygiene, psychological management of the disease and social inclusion of the child with encopresis. The role of the educator of the child, his parents, and relatives is indispensable, especially in the areas of setting the child's hygiene and dietary regime.
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Anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis
Motlová, Alžběta ; Kövári, Martina (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
This thesis is interested in summary of anorectal dysfunction in patients with sclerosis multiplex. This thesis is divided into 2 parts. The objective of the first part is a description of the anorectal dysfuntions. It also includes epidemiological data, dividing, investigating algorithms and possibilities of therapy. The second part is consisting of the case report of pacient with fecal incontinence who underwent the physiotherapy. Her medical history, individual therapy according to kinesiological analysis, evaluation by rectoanal manometry and subjective questionnaire are widely described within. Therapy is assessed by standardised questionnaire Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale and St. Marks Continence Scale. The anorectal manometry evaluates the function of anal sphincters while at rest, during a voluntary contraction and also subcribes sensitivity of rectum. The subjective questionnaires reflect the psychosocial aspects and patient's quality of life. The analysis of fuction and kinesiological analysis were performed before and after physiotherapy and then after 3 months of hometherapy.
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Anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis
Motlová, Alžběta ; Kövári, Martina (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
This thesis is interested in summary of anorectal dysfunction in patients with sclerosis multiplex. This thesis is divided into 2 parts. The objective of the first part is a description of the anorectal dysfuntions. It also includes epidemiological data, dividing, investigating algorithms and possibilities of therapy. The second part is consisting of the case report of pacient with fecal incontinence who underwent the physiotherapy. Her medical history, individual therapy according to kinesiological analysis, evaluation by rectoanal manometry and subjective questionnaire are widely described within. Therapy is assessed by standardised questionnaire Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale and St. Marks Continence Scale. The anorectal manometry evaluates the function of anal sphincters while at rest, during a voluntary contraction and also subcribes sensitivity of rectum. The subjective questionnaires reflect the psychosocial aspects and patient's quality of life. The analysis of fuction and kinesiological analysis were performed before and after physiotherapy and then after 3 months of hometherapy.
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