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Differentiation and Dynamics of Fertility in Kazakhstan during the Period of Rapid Economic Growth
Meldeshova, Aigerim ; Burcin, Boris (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
The main purpose of presented research was to identify changes in levels and patterns of fertility during the period of rapid economic growth in Kazakhstan (1999-2008). Particular attention was devoted to differentiation of fertility according to the type of settlement (urban/rural) and ethnicity. These leading attributes were completed by birth parity which helped to examine and explain the nature of some principal differences in reproductive behaviour among women living in rural and urban areas as well as belonging to selected major ethnic groups of Kazakhstan. Presented results clearly demonstrate principal increase of the overall intensity of fertility, partially due to mass realization of the births postponed during the 1990s. Their realization not only contributed to reproductive process intensification but also principally influenced different fertility patterns. The initial age structure of fertility faced both-sided ageing, differences among ethnoses and both types of settlement in many respects deepened. Situation observed in the year 2008 or in some cases in the year 2006 was labeled as transitional since many structural changes have not finished yet and some of them have only just started. It is suggested that particular identified trends could also represent a part of global changes in...
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Attitude of the public to the adoption of children of another ethnicity to substitute family care
NOVÁKOVÁ, Markéta
For most of us parenthood is a natural part of life. Still the number of families today who remain childless even though they wish to have a child, is on the increase. On the other hand, there are still many children living in caretaking institutions. This raises the question as to how this situation can be dealt with? One of the possible solutions is the substitute family care. This thesis is divided into two separate parts, the first dealing with theoretical aspects and the second with research. The aim of the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis was to explain the concept of substitute family care and describe its different forms. In the conclusion of the theoretical part I have outlined the pitfalls of the substitute family care in relation to a child from a different ethnic group. In the practical part I focused on establishing the opinion on accepting children of different ethnic origin into substitute family care among the general public in České Budějovice. I tried to reach the set goal through a quantitative research using the questionnaire method. A questionnaire including 17 questions was used as a research technique. The questions were arranged in two groups: the questions to obtain identification characteristics of respondents and those concerning respondents{\crq} views on the given problems. 200 questionnaires were handed out and 113 were returned, i.e. the participation rate amounted to 56.5 %. The research results have shown that people are quite tolerant as far as sex and age of a child are concerned. Regrettably, it is not the case when it comes to ethnic origin of a child. People who are not tolerant towards and willing to accept a child from a different ethnic group into substitute family care still prevail in society.
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The National Diversity and Modern National Conflicts in the New United Europe
MERTLÍK, Lukáš
Main contents of my diploma is a racial strukcture of countries of the European Union and national conflicts concern on european nationals and nationalities. After specification of territories the treatise tries to define basic terminological notions of two views. Firstly it refers to substabtial difference from using of statistic notions having principle influence to quantification of minorities. Second view defines conceptions: nation and nationality of politic-geographical point of view. The sunbstantial space is dedicated to historic-geographical analysis of present national folder of the EU with view of chosen events of 20th century. In the next charters I specify minorities-numbers and location, too. The last part deals with national conflicts where I point to typologies and point out causes of national competition inside the EU. For example it is the conflict Estonia-Russian tension. I point to its causes, development and suggest methods of solution to reduction of racial situation at the eastern border of Union.
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