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Observance of elderly patients rights in long-term facilities.
HAVRDLÍKOVÁ, Markéta
The topic of this diploma paper is ``The Observance of the Rights of Senior Citizens at Long-Term Care Wards{\crqq}. The growing number of senior citizens brings the increasing number of hospitalized people at wards of long-term (subsequent) care. The paper focuses on the observance of seniors{\crq} rights by the attending staff at these wards. It is divided into two sections {--} a theoretical one and a practical one. The theoretical section describes patients{\crq} rights in relation to ethics. It develops the Ethics Codex of Patients{\crq} Rights, the European Charter of Senior Patients. It also discusses patients{\crq} rights in relation to the legislature. It deals with individual laws and their observance by the attending staff that is involved in the care of senior citizens at long-term care wards. It describes the duties of the staff based on individual laws. The practical section sets the objectives focusing on finding out about the observance of senior patients{\crq} rights at long-term care wards as seen by general nurses, senior citizens, and family members. It also attempts to find out about the most frequent forms of non-observance of seniors{\crq} rights. To achieve these objectives, a quantitative research survey was used. The techniques of data collection from the senior citizen respondent group included a structured interview, and a questionnaire for the groups consisting of nurses and family members. The survey resulted in the finding that, according to the respondents, (senior) patients{\crq} rights are always, or almost always, observed in most domains. In spite of this, the respondents perceive some problems in the domain of respecting patients{\crq} shyness and attending staff{\crq}s anonymity. Only some members of staff introduce themselves to patients upon their first meeting, and seniors know the names of only a few attending team members. In the course of hospitalization, a senior patient is not only a recipient of care but also a partner to the attending staff. To provide quality nursing care, which is highly emphasized these days, the knowledge of (senior) patients{\crq} rights by attending staff is essential. Only a senior citizen who knows their rights as well as an attending person is able to protect fully the hospitalized seniors{\crq} rights. The results of this diploma paper can be used in seminars, conferences for medical staff to deepen the knowledge of (senior) patients{\crq} rights. Similarly, senior citizens themselves will be made more aware of the rights they have in relation to receiving medical care.
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The relationship between patient end nurse from ethical point of view
PROTIVOVÁ, Svatava
Relationships between the patient and the members of paramedical staff constitute a rather complex issue governed by particular rules. Among these rules, the Code of Ethics is one of the most remarkable. As its aim, the present thesis set to research on to what extent the Code of Ethics is noticed among paramedical staff in the Czech Republic, and to compare the Czech paramedical CoE to the CoEs of different countries. In the first part, this thesis bring a concise overview of the CoEs for physiotherapists in different countries as well as their comparison with a special focus on what ethic issues they deal with, which of these they emphasize, and which they do not mention respectively. The individual CoEs are also compared here according to their length and recency (date of the last update). The second part of the thesis gives account of the evaluation of the Czech CoE for physiotherapists and its comparison to the CoE of the WCPT (World Confederation for Physical Therapy) CoE, which was used as a muster for writing the Czech one. The third part of the thesis researches on the knowledge of the relevant CoE among Czech physiotherapists and on how the CoE is implemented in their practice. The present thesis is based on qualitative research. The first part makes use of the method of content analysis with outputs organised in a chart. The second part compares, again on the basis of content analysis, the two main documents mentioned above and gives account of the differences between them. The third part analyses interviews with ten Czech physiotherapists, acquired by the means of semi-conducted interview. The informants were asked whether and to what extent they are familiar with the CoE relevant to their profession, and whether they make use of it in their practice. As the general result of the research, it appears that only a few of the physiotherapists who have participated in the research are aware of the existence, contents, and importance of the CoE in question.
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Abortion as an Ethical Problem
ZÍBAROVÁ, Zuzana
This thesis deals with ethical aspects of abortion. In the theoretical part, I focus first on the definition of the term abortion and its legal history. I also follow the use and development of contraception and review certain legal and medical conditions necessary for performing the procedure. I try to define ethics, discuss moral judgment and some ethical concepts. I list some of the groups fighting for the annulment of law that legalizes abortion in the Czech Republic. Further, I turn my attention to doctors and their views, to Hippocrates{\crq} oath and post-abortive syndrome. I touch upon the issue of emotions, decisions and principles. I also concentrate on abortion as a result of the child{\crq}s disability or a solution after a crime. I claim that women might face the threat of social exclusion as a consequence of the abortion. I provide information on holism, ascentism and maternal instinct. I follow the development of attitude to parenthood. The work is completed by analysis of the collected data. In this part, I present various opinions regarding abortion. I seek to find out whether the respondents think that they are sufficiently informed about the issue of abortion and which sources they use, when the fetus becomes a human being and whether they think that the father{\crq}s consent is necessary for the procedure. I inquire whether they agree with abortion in general or only for specific reasons and whether the woman has the right to decide about life and death of the unborn child. The goal of the work was to present various ethical views of the given issue and to review opinions regarding the abortion rate and procedure of a selected section of inhabitants of the Ústí region. The research was conducted through quantitative approach, method of questioning and technique of questionnaire. It was performed in bigger towns and cities of the region. The sample consisted of 300 people. I set two hypotheses. First hypothesis: The older generation opposes the idea of abortion more strongly than the younger. Second hypothesis: In the Ústí region there are more people who agree with abortion than those who disagree. While the first hypothesis proved false, the second one proved correct.
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Ethics and morality as a part of human resource management
TICHÝ, Petr
The goal of this diploma is to discover, how employees percive ethics and morality as an component of human resources management. For my survey were selected three farming businesses and one institution of public administration. I have chosen these businesses because of their diverse specialization. I made a guestion form which was given to 96 employees. In the first part of this diploma work I summarized theoretical infotmation about ethics, morality and human resource management. In methodology, there is description of questionary method and dialogue which I used. In the next capitol I am descibing individual guestions. Each answer was put down into the graph. The results and discussion follow after the graph. Ethics and morality are not priotity in most of ours farming businesses. The top management staff must learn, that these important parts of human resource management are the key in their way to success. In the institution of public administration are ethics and morality part of human resource management for a long time. But there are still some problems in this dilemma. The ethics code is matter of course. But the top management should be more open to their employees and give them more respect and recognition.
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Moral responsibility and nature of moral and ethics in the global world.
LÖFFELMANNOVÁ, Blanka
We can feel side effects of globalization primarily in the economic area, with far-reaching impact on further spheres of social life, including the level and perspectives of moral principles etc. We live in a society with the substantial feature of ambivalence when almost each social phenomenon and process is ambiguous. The theoretical part of the work defines the concepts like ethics, moral, their significance and role in the society in connection with the issue of globalization and describes some impacts of the globalization process on the society or environment. The information was ascertained with the help of the method of quantitative data collection through the data collection technique in form of anonymous questionnaire. The goal of the work was to ascertain the opinion of a selected population sample on the perspective of moral in progressing globalization of the world and, at the same time, to find out the awareness of the society on the issue of the globalization process. 75 students of the Faculty of Health and social Studies were addressed in form of the anonymous questionnaire and only 70 of them took part in the research. All the goals I had set at the beginning were successfully met. The results of the work can serve to inform broad and expert public on the displays of globalization in moral sphere and their acceptance or refusal by representative (or specific) sample of the society.
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Nurse and obligatory reticence
NĚMCOVÁ, Klára
This Bachelor Thesis deals with the duty of professional secrecy in the occupation of nurses, becoming acquainted with it and observing it in practice. In the theoretical part, I focused on various sources that the duty of secrecy is based on, who it concerns, exceptions from it and sanctions resulting from breaching it. Based on theoretical knowledge resulting from law, a number of ethical codes and other documents forming this duty, two questionnaires were compiled. The data obtained and processed from the questionnaire survey were used to verify the validity of three hypotheses defined. The objective of the essay was to point out the difference between theory and real life and to find out information about given matter.
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Abuse of power against clients by professional staff in care facilities.
KUPSOVÁ, Jitka
The objective of my dissertation work titled ``Abuse of power against clients by professional staff in care facilities{\crqq} is to establish whether the ethical codes are observed in the social and health care institutions providing accommodation services to their clients. Another objective of the work is to find out whether the employers running these institutions take adequate measures to prevent the burnt-out syndrome in their employees. The theoretical part of the work deals with the philosophical and ethical aspects in the client-employee relationship, defines various forms of aggression, its root causes and symptoms as experienced among the staff caring for the clients. It also summarises legal aspects of human rights violations in caring homes. The research part of the work summarises the findings acquired in the field survey using the questionnaires filled in by the staff working in the social and health care institutions accommodating clients in the district of Tábor. It is focused on their opinions, expertise and willingness to adhere to the quality standards and code of ethics, on the quality and type of the relationship with their clients and the ability to cope with the everyday challenges posed by their jobs. It also tries to identify the quality of communication between the management and the employees, the level of satisfaction at work and the possible prevention of the burnt-out syndrome. The staff employed in the social and health care institutions should refrain from any type of aggression and should always prefer standard means of communication as an inherent part of their professional conduct. To improve the ability to deal with potential conflicts and also as a preventive measure the psychological and therapeutic training is recommended. The recommendation aimed at the employers includes the development of human resources, their professional and personal development based on life-long learning in order to improve the communication between the management and employees, prevent the exhaustion by work overload and support the relaxation and leisure time activities of the staff. The outcome of the dissertation could help to improve the quality of care provided by professionals in the institutions accommodating clients and it could also provide some useful ideas how to improve the performance of the assisting staff in these institutions.
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Ethic status of personal consumption
BUDÍČKOVÁ, Lenka
The aim of my Bachelor thesis is a list of certificates that will help people to select and promote manufacturers and traders who behave sensitively towards the environment, animals and people. The theoretical section of my work contains various sources of information about reducing personal consumption, about organic food, fair trade and ethical personal consumption in terms of reducing the negative impact of excessive consumption on the environment. In the practical part of my work I have sorted collected certificates into groups for better consumer understanding and created learning material for students who are specialised in Education for health and other people who are interested in this field. I assessed the extent and quality of the services offered by two information centres. My data were obtained by an analysis method and a synthetic method, and also by a directed interview. Both research questions were confirmed.
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Morals of the consumer society and their prospects
VESELÁ, Monika
The present bachelor thesis deals with the topic of ``Ethics of the Consumer Society and its Prospects{\crq}q. The thesis objective was to determine, based on a selected population sample, the generally acknowledged symptoms of the consumer way of life and to what extent these symptoms are tolerated or even anticipated to be occurring in connection with the socially accepted desire for success. I felt it necessary to explain some of the elementary notions in the introduction chapter as the comprehension of `ethics{\crq} as well as `consumer society{\crq} may be ambiguous. In the theoretical part of the thesis I tried to define, with the help of the works of contemporary sociologists and philosophers, the difference between the ethics of present consumer society and those of earlier societies. It was necessary to define the areas typical of consumer ethics; thus the theoretical part gives a summary of findings made mainly by the people who express criticism of consumer society. As a counterpoint to the theoretical part, I addressed 10 `ordinary people{\crq} to find out their understanding of what is ethically acceptable (unacceptable respectively) within the present society. The first part of the research was done in form of an interview with the interviewees answering three open questions. Following the interviews, hypotheses were set based on the answers. The second part of the research contained three more questions; this time closed ones with selection of answers and an evaluation scale were offered. I ranked the phenomena according to their frequency of occurrence in the society and according to their acceptability for the interviewees. Thinking about the ethics is not an everyday issue indeed; nevertheless, I managed to elicit subjective opinions from the selected sample. However, even though the interviewees were all people with university degree (i.e. not a representative sample is concerned), thinking of the questions of ethics was uncommon and difficult for them. Due to this reason I would use for a possible future research a greater population sample as well as a simpler questionnaire to elicit acceptability or unacceptability of generally existing phenomena. The thesis has achieved its objective, although I am aware that the extent of this topic can{\crq}t be finalized and I agree that it is worth to deal with further on.
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Capital Punishment in Its Ethical Concept
ŠIMKOVÁ, Iveta
Capital punishment and consideration about justice has been spread throughout our society for its enitre existence. The death penalty is the only punishment which deals with human life and. with the exception for the legal and criminological aspects, it involves moral and philosophical views, as well. This thesis attempts to examine the ethical attitudes towards capital punishment of the members of the Police of the Czech Republic, as well as that of the city police. The main topic of my thesis is a survey of ethical assessment of the capital punishment. The theoretical part of my thesis deals with the history of capital punishment, various ways in which executions take place, the documents which are connected with the death penalty and human rights. It deals with the ethical and philosophical views, as well as the statement of the Roman Catholic Church. There are many arguments (pros and cons) regarding capital punishment. The practical part of my theis will examine the ethical views of members of the Police of the Czech Republic and city police who are on duty in Třebíč. The method of quantitative analytic research has been applied. The questionnaire survey and its assessment have been used. The chosen respondents are members of the police.
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