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The nutrition of patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in practice
JIROVSKÁ, Nikola
The bachelor thesis is focused on patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in practice. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practice part of the issue. The theoretical part deals with stoma history, nutritional status diagnostics and general information on stoma. The core of the theoretical part contains the most important part of the thesis: introduction to PEG. The next chapter is dedicated to energy values determination and enteral nutrition, followed by the section dedicated to aid tools for enteral nutrition application. The last chapter in the theoretical part describes nutrition complications in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. The aim of my work was to evaluate nutraceuticals intake administered to PEG, and to explore patients' or care staff 's awareness of PEG care in general. To achieve my goals, I have used qualitative research. Using a semi-structured interview with a nurse, and with patient and nursing staff in two other cases, I have gradually discussed PEG issues. I have worked with six patients, each of them I have interviewed twice. In the next section, I have determined requirements for nutrients, energy, selected vitamins and trace elements, which I then compared with a real enteral nutrition intake. I have used Nutriservis application to evaluate and determine the diet. Nursing staff often does not have enough information about the care that patients with PEG require, and availability of respective literature in the Czech language is very limited. Nursing education in the past did not include PEG care. The method was introduced in the Czech Republic only in the 1990s. Nearly all patients in my research were underweight. Moreover, despite their weight was changing, the type of nutrition and its quantity remained the same. The most common patients' complication was diarrhea. Although literature reports that the PEG tube should last for several years, it lasts for a year or two, according to the nursing staff. The information contained in my work can help not only patients with PEG and their families, but also health care professionals who look after PEG patients
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