|
|
Možnosti ovlivnění emise amoniaku v chovech zvířat
Škarková, Miroslava
Ammonia production associated with animal husbandry is important not only in terms of microclimate of stables, but also in terms of its impact on the environment and buildings located near the farms. Different approaches are applied to limit the production of ammonia and the negative effects on animals. The final effect of the measures involve a number of factors, which requires special technological equipment. It has been designed process for evaluating the binding ability of ammonia in clay minerals. It was detected that clay minerals with a smaller fraction had quicker efficiency compared to larger fractions. However a smaller fraction is associated with a higher dust, which is becoming a limiting factor. Application of biotechnological preparations in stables for fattening chickens showed that low pressure nebulizer device can be used not only for adjusting the relative humidity of air and for the application of biological products, which reduce the amount of ammonia in the stable. High or low pressure spraying have been tested in pig and poultry. The nebulizer device may be a tool to reduce the temperature in the barn. The dose and concentration of the specimen as well as the interval of application of specimen and placement of the nozzles in the stable area are important for the elimination of ammonia. The system can be recommended to well-insulated stables, where the short term reduction of ammonia in the stable air may be expected. Based on the results of measuring the effectiveness of biological air washer in pigs, the rise time of the device depends on active microorganisms on surfaces and can take depending on the microclimate parameters more than 3 months. Biological washing of air is sensitive to environmental conditions, which should be constant. When changing the water intended for circulation of air in the machine and ensure its effectiveness, it is recommended to change only one third, compared to one-half that is recommended by the manufacturer. The biological air washer helps to significantly improve air quality in the stables. Moreover, the loss of nitrogen is eliminated.
|
guest ::
