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Long-term disturbances in temperate mountain forests and their representation in various proxy data
Pavlišová, Adéla ; Kuneš, Petr (advisor) ; Moravcová, Alice (referee)
In this work, I present the main disturbance agents affecting temperate mountain forests in Central Europe - wind, bark beetles and fires, and I draw attention to their interdependence. I primarily deal with the description of disturbances, their consequences, ecological contribution, and climate influence on their action. With climatic warming, the extent, intensity, and frequency of disturbances increase. Hence, it is important to understand their role in the past to prepare for the future development of our forests. Proxy data (indirect data) provide past evidence for disturbances, but their interpretation value differs. They inform us about a different time and spatial scale with varying degrees of accuracy. All the methods that I mention in my work provide us, to some extent, with climate proxy data that is closely related to the disturbance regime. Only some directly prove the disturbance, for example, through sedimentary charcoals findings. My work aimed at indicating possible complications but also the advantages that arise when combining individual methods.
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Vliv okusu na přirozenou obnovu a dynamiku lesa v okolí Starého Hrozenkova
Rapant, Jan
The subject of this diploma thesis was monitoring damage of the natural regeneration of trees caused by browsing even-toed ruminant animals near Starý Hrozenkov. The monitoring was carried out in 2013 on fourteen plots of rectangular shape by methodology ČERMÁK, MRKVA (2003). Twelve species of trees have been found, while the most was represented by the beech Fagus sylvatica, followed by sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus and Norway spruce Picea abies. The most damaged tree species was silver birch Betula pendula with damage of 74%, but this tree species made a minimal representation. Ash Fraxinus excelsior was the least damaged tree species -- 22%, Larch and pine were without damage. For the sake of dynamics, the nine plots were measured once again. The growth of sycamore was slowed down.
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Mixed forests and its practical use for forest management
Adamec, Jiří ; Janda, Pavel (advisor) ; Mrhalová, Hana (referee)
This Bachelor thesis focuses primarily onmixed forests and their practical use for forest management. It deals with forests both in Central Europe and the Czech Republic. Issues related to forests and the effect of different influences on them, are the subject of a variety of scientific papers. Obtained knowledgeabout mixed forests could help us better understand the increasingly emerging climate change. The main factors are temperature, rapidly changing in the recent years, and the changes in average total annual precipitation and varying amounts of gases in the air. The actual composition of the mixed forests and the individual characteristics of trees have to be also taken into account. An increased incidence of pests and diseases of trees and proliferating pests that may be affected both by climate change ortree species in the stands. This paper presents the possible conversion of spruce monocultures into mixed stands It contains a lot of knowledge from various scientific papers whose main points are summarized in a form of literature review and could lead to improved conditions of our forests.
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Dynamics and stand structure of the primary mountain mixed forests in Temperate Zone (Europe)
Votava, Martin ; Janda, Pavel (advisor) ; Lábusová, Jana (referee)
The bachelor thesis mainly deals with dynamics and structure of mountain mixed forests in
the temperate zone of Europe. It provides complex view at disturbance regimes and its effect on forest ecosystems. European mixed forests dominated by Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba and Picea abies are characterized by variable wind disturbances. Wide range of severity classes and spatial patterns of disturbances influence these ecosystems, consequently, it has important influence on species composition and developmental trajectories. Partly, the bachelor thesis deals with the perspectives of forest management in context of biodiversity and climate change. The bachelor thesis was compiled as literature review from many national and international results of scientific studies. Main aim of the work was to summarize general principles about these ecosystems.
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Disturbance history of the primary mountain spruce forests in Temperate Zone (Europe)
Hanousek, Jan ; Janda, Pavel (advisor) ; Čada, Vojtěch (referee)
This thesis is about the development and structure of mountain Norway spruce forest in location Koprová dolina, which is part of Tatras national park. Forest dynamic were monitored on 13 permanent research plots, every plot takes 1000 m2. Study was based on the analyses of the thicknes and age structure and the dendrochronologal analysis, which detects releases during growth. Based on results we confirmed that locations have character of natural forests, these locations are formed by strong and big-scale disturbances, but also by disturbances of medium and small strenght and scale. Results are similar with other papers and historical texts, which describes disturbances events in Koprová dolina.
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