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Small mammals in diet of barn owl in the Eastern Meditarranean
Šindelář, Jiří ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Anděra, Miloš (referee)
The extensive material of skeletal remains of mammals from a diet of barn owl in the eastern Mediterranean has been processed and evaluated with different techniques of chorological and morphometric analysis. At least 8400 individuals of 45 species of insectivores, rodents and bats were found in our total collection of samples, which represents a significant portion of fauna of the region. We have evaluated a chorological composition of the taphocoenoses and the interregional differences, manifested primarily by differences in the representation of satellite and accessory elements. We found a highly significant impoverishment of the isolated island taphocenoses (Cyprus, Karpathos, partly on Crete), where Cricetidae, Arvicolidae, C. leucodon etc. are missing. On the other hand the essential part of the dominance structure takes up the Rattus rattus, which acts here as an invasive species, significantly more successful than in the ragged continental contexts. The species diversity of the examined samples is positively correlated with the geographic latitude (taphocenoses of the northern regions are significantly richer) and negatively with the island effect and the degree of aridization. The morphometric analysis of the three most abundant species of Soricidae within the studied region showed...
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Small mammals in diet of barn owl in the Eastern Meditarranean
Šindelář, Jiří ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Anděra, Miloš (referee)
The extensive material of skeletal remains of mammals from a diet of barn owl in the eastern Mediterranean has been processed and evaluated with different techniques of chorological and morphometric analysis. At least 8400 individuals of 45 species of insectivores, rodents and bats were found in our total collection of samples, which represents a significant portion of fauna of the region. We have evaluated a chorological composition of the taphocoenoses and the interregional differences, manifested primarily by differences in the representation of satellite and accessory elements. We found a highly significant impoverishment of the isolated island taphocenoses (Cyprus, Karpathos, partly on Crete), where Cricetidae, Arvicolidae, C. leucodon etc. are missing. On the other hand the essential part of the dominance structure takes up the Rattus rattus, which acts here as an invasive species, significantly more successful than in the ragged continental contexts. The species diversity of the examined samples is positively correlated with the geographic latitude (taphocenoses of the northern regions are significantly richer) and negatively with the island effect and the degree of aridization. The morphometric analysis of the three most abundant species of Soricidae within the studied region showed...
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Populační dynamika drobných savců v závislosti na potravní nabídce
Křípalová, Žaneta
The aim of this dissertation work was the study of the population dynamics of the yel-low -- necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) depending on the crop of oak seeds during the five-year period from 2008 do 2012. The research of small terrestrial mammals was carried out in three forest complexes different in food supply in an intesinvely cultivated landscape of southern Moravia. In was an old semi-natural floodplain forest with the dominance of oak (locality Horní les 3 km a long way from the municipality of Lednice), further an productive deciduou forest with the dominance of oak and acacia (locality Hájek nearby township Vranovice) and a pheasantry with a variety of forest types formed with various species of roe deer (lo-cality Rumunská bažantnice 25 km southeast of Brno). Small mammals were caught in these areas at regular intervals to the classical mouse-hunting collapsible traps laid in lines. In total for the period were caught 1943 small mammals in eight species. There was trapped the total number of 1943 small mammals in eight species. Among the most mundant species (Apodemus flavicollis and Clethrionomys glareo-lus) there was also detected a signifiant impal seed year on the body weight of the stud-ied animals. In 2009 and in 2011 their body size was smaller even though there was a high crop of seeds of woody plants. The mason was that the crop was as late as in the autumn and so the rodents didn't have enough time to utilit the food supplies suffi-ciently that year. The relative is that to harvest occurred as late as in the fall and rodents so missed this year's food supply enough to be used. Abundance significantly varied among the localities. There was found out the tendency to prefer the most variable bi-otop in Rumunská bažantnice. The small mammals responded to the high crop of seeds in the autumn of 2009 and 2011, population growth in follows, therefore,in 2010 and 2012. Great crop of acorns may lead to a sharp increase in population, which can then cause damage to the natural regeneration of oak or artificial regeneration of the sowing.
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Ekologické aspekty impaktu hrabošů (Microtus spp.) a norníka rudého na výsadby buku lesního v pohoří Hrubý Jeseník
Mareček, Lukáš
In the mountains Hrubý Jeseník was the 18 monitoring plots in the years 2010-2013 conducted tramping of small mammals, inventory damage gnaw the bark of the beech forest plantations and the measured data to investigate the factors influencing the impact of small mammals. Small mammals were then evaluated in terms of dominance, impact on planting and statistically analyzed factors affecting impact. The results show that the dominant group were representatives Arvicolinae (n= 512, 62.4%): Clethrionomys glareolus (n= 306, 37.3%), Microtus agrestis (n= 181, 22.1%), Microtus arvalis (n=23, 2.8%), Microtus subterraneus (n= 2, 0.2%). In terms gnaw the bark of trees to damage most often involved in Microtus agrestis and Microtus arvalis, causing minor damage also Clethrionomys glareolus. Altitude, exposition, composition and character of the herb layer and abundance of voles are significant factors which can affect the impact of small mammals. This information can be useful for forest management, which can reduce the risk of the forest damage occurrence and decrease costs of silvicultural operations.
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The influence of the type and age of post-mining areas restoration on biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals.
MIKLAS, Bořek
The aim of the study was to compare different types and ages of restoration from the small mammal biodiversity perspective. In 2004, three linear and two quadratic trappings of small terrestrial mammals were performed at the Velká podkrušnohorská spoil heap. Linear trappings were repeated in 2009 and quadratic were repeated in 2010. In 2004, 174 small mammals in the linear trappings and 199 small mammals in the quadratic trappings were captured. We found, that the wetland localities were the richest in small mammal diversity, the forestry restored areas were second ones, and the agriculturally restored areas were the poorest ones. During the repeated trappings, 45 small mammals in linear trappings and 64 small mammals in quadratic trappings were captured. A decrease of both abundance and biodiversity was recorded in the both types of trappings. The highest biodiversity was on wetland and forestry restored areas. The lowest biodiversity was on agriculturally restored areas. The highest abundance was on forestry sites during the linear trappings. The wetland areas were second ones and the lowest abundance was on agriculturally restored areas. Value of abundance in quadratic trappings was almost the same in wetland and forest habitats, whilst the abundance of agricultural areas was significantly lower. The results show the importance of wetland habitats, which are very important part of restoration and have a positive impact on the overall biodiversity in the landscape.
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