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Childbirth with a Doula
VYČÍTALOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of childbirth with a doula. The thesis describes what the profession of a doula entails and what its history is. It also describes times in which a doula can accompany a woman. The physiology of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period is also described in the thesis. One objective of the thesis has been set. The objective was to find out how women perceive the care of a doula. Two hypotheses were set in the thesis. H1: A doula is more often chosen by nulliparae rather than multiparae for a collaboration during delivery. H2: Women use the services of a doula during labour rather than during the postpartum period. The objective was achieved through quantitative investigative research in the form of an online questionnaire of my own structure. The questionnaire used for data collection contained a total of 23 questions. 20 of these were mandatory, which ensured a high level of reliability and accuracy of the data. Out of the 23 questions, 15 were multiple choice closed-ended questions, which simplified data analysis and allowed a better comparison of answers. On top of that, there were 7 semi-closed questions which provided additional answer choices and allowed respondents to express their opinions and experiences. There was also one open-ended question that allowed respondents to share their thoughts and opinions about the questionnaire topic. The questionnaire that was used for data collection was divided into three sections, each one addressing a different topic. In the first part, the respondents were asked questions regarding their identifying data such as age, education, number of births and at what time did they decide for a doula. The second part of the questionnaire was devoted to doulas. Respondents could comment there on where they had sought out a doula and whether they knew who a doula was and who she could care for. The last part of the questionnaire was then focused on the care the respondents' doulas provided and what their experience of giving birth with a doula was like. This structure of the questionnaire allowed for systematic answer processing and better comparison of results. The research results show that women have the greatest need for psychological support during delivery just as much as during pregnancy and postpartum period. They also have a need to be informed about the issue. Most women choose a doula for an overall increase in their sense of safety. It is a satisfying result that 94,9 % of women found the care of a doula met their expectations. Which is why 93,2 % of women would use the care of a doula for their next delivery and 98,3 % of women said they would recommend the care of a doula to others. Based on the results obtained, we can conclude that women are satisfied with the care of a doula. The thesis and the results obtained can be used as a basis for presenting the investigative research in seminars for midwives.
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Person accompanying during childbirth
BISKUPOVÁ, Iveta
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of accompanying person during childbirth. Due to the topic of the bachelor thesis, there are introduced persons that a woman can choose to childbirth, including their specifics and differences, in the theoretical part. The individual stages of childbirth, the role of a midwife during childbirth and the communication of the midwife with the woman and her accompaniment are also described. There were established two goals of the thesis. The first goal was to find out how the woman perceived the presence of the accompanying person during childbirth, and the second was to find out what influenced the woman in choosing the accompanying person to childbirth. The research investigation was conducted through an individual semi-structured interview, so it was processed using a qualitative method. The data was collected from postpartum women who had already been released from the puerperium department for home treatment. However, the condition was that the women gave childbirth in 2020 and had an accompanying person during childbirth. The data collection took place in March and May 2020. In March, there was an increase in the number of infected people with coronavirus in the Czech Republic. There were put in place measures to prevent the spread of the disease, including a ban on accompaniment in the birth room. The interviews took place in a pre-arranged, calm and pleasant environment for the women. The obtained data recorded on a dictaphone was evaluated manually, using the "paper - pencil" method. There were created three main categories and their subcategories. The first category is called Accompanying Person and contains five subcategories - Accompanying person during childbirth, Factors influencing the choice of the accompanying person, Proposal for presence at childbirth, Satisfaction and Recommendation of the accompaniment. The second main category Childbirth has four subcategories - Preparation for childbirth, Coming to childbirth, Perception of the accompaniment during childbirth by a woman, and Process of the fourth stage of childbirth. The last category is Communication with three subcategories - Behavior and communication of the accompaniment with a woman, Communication with staff and Behavior of staff. The research revealed that women I1 - I9 chose their partner as their 7 accompanying person and woman I10 chose a dula. For women, the partner is the closest person they want to experience the most important moments. Woman I10 chose the doula on the base of recommendation of her colleague. Furthermore, it was found that women perceived their accompaniment primarily as psychological support, which calms them verbally or by their presence, but women I1, I4 and I7 considered their partners as an auxiliary person who assisted them in the shower, in moving or giving things. All the women were ultimately satisfied with their choice, despite flaws such as playing on the phone or too much effort.
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Communication of midwives with the accompanying person during childbirth
BLAŤÁKOVÁ, Iva
The bachelor thesis deals with communication of midwife with accompanying person during delivery. The theoretical part focuses on communication, delivery, and accompaniment during childbirth. The thesis describes the relationships among midwives and attendants during delivery. Two aims were set for this bachelor thesis. The first objective was to find out how the midwife communicates with the accompaniment during delivery. The second objective was to find out how satisfied the midwives are with communication with the accompanying person during delivery. The research was conducted in April 2019 and was conducted with midwives working in the delivery room and accompanying persons who participated in at least one birth. The research was conducted with midwives in the delivery room and accompanying person in their home environment. A qualitative method was chosen to obtain data in the form of semi-structured interviews. Before the beginning of the interviews, the topic of the bachelor thesis, the purpose and further use of their provided information was explained to all participants. The participants were assured that the interviews were anonymous. Two types of questionnaires were created for the research. One of the questionnaires was intended for midwives and contained 6 questions with further sub-questions. A second questionnaire was created for accompanying person. It consisted of 5 questions with further subqueries. In both cases questions were asked to supplement the research. In order to make the data processing anonymous, the researchers were identified as follows. Midwives had the abbreviation PA1 and accompaniment the abbreviation D1. The obtained data were processed by the pencil-paper method, where the obtained information was recorded in questionnaires and then colour-coded.
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Doula as a psychological support women during childbirth
HRADECKÁ, Bronislava
This thesis deals with the question why women use doula services for the birth of their child or children. The findings of the theoretical part describe the history of assisting women in childbirth and the current practice of people accompanying mothers to be and their role in childbirth. At the same time, it deals with the mental state of women during pregnancy and childbirth and circumstances that affect this state. For the practical part qualitative research was used based on interviews with women who have had the experience of childbirth with a doula and without, in the first phase, and based on questionnaires to respondents who have not used a doula during their delivery, in the second phase. Research findings have identified factors that act on childbirth and affect the psychological state of mothers. The research also indicated areas in which the services of a doula positively contribute to a favourable childbirth. These areas are the main reasons why women use doula services during delivery.
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Importance of Psychological Support for to-be Mothers During Pregnancy and Childbirth
Juristová, Mária ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Levínská, Markéta (referee)
The thesis examines the importance of psychological support from a supplementary person provided to mothers during their pregnancy and mainly during the process of childbirth. Such person may be a partner, relative, midwife, doula, doctor, etc. The aim of this thesis is to find out why the mother chooses to give birth in the presence of the specific person, how important is the psychological (and sometimes also physical) support from an accompanying person for such woman during delivery, or what specific action the mother considers psychologically supportive during the pregnancy and childbirth. Theoretical part describes a psyche of the mum-to-be and her need for psychological support during the pregnancy and the delivery and names the types of support in relation to a person, who is supporting. Practical part will be based on qualitative research carried out as half-structured interviews with mothers, who delivered a baby with accompaniment. The interpretative content analysis will be used to evaluate the interviews. Key words: woman, mother, motherhood, pregnancy, delivery, childbirth, psychological support, partner, doula, midwife
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Cooperation of doulas and midwives during childbirth.
HORÁČKOVÁ, Martina
The bachelor thesis deals with the cooperation of doulas and midwives during childbirth. Childbirth is an emotionally challenging situation and for primiparas it is completely new and unknown. This may cause fear, stress, tension and feelings of discontent in a woman. The people who take care of a mother during childbirth make an effort to limit those negative feelings to a minimum or obviate them. Nowadays, a woman in labour is taken care of by physicians and midwives. However, we can also meet a dula who accompanies a woman to give birth and she cares for her in the mental and physical respect. The aim of all the people involved should be a mutual, respect-based cooperation. Thoughtfulness, understanding, efforts to meet the mother´s wishes, positive attitude and creating mutual trust is a prerequisite for a good cooperation between a woman and a midwife. Likewise, the cooperation of doulas and midwives is a prerequisite for a calm course of giving birth. In the thesis, two goals and four research questions were set. The theoretical part is working out the question who a doula is and it talks about their training, professional competencies, it deals with services that a doula provides and describes help of a doula during childbirth. It also informs about organisations which provide education for a doula in the Czech Republic. It also focuses on the work and competencies of midwives, talks about their education, describes the role of midwives in antenatal preparation, summarizes the care for women during childbirth and the postpartum period. The qualitative form of research was chosen for the research survey. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured interview. There were two files chosen for the research. The first group consisted of 9 midwives aged from 31 to 60 years old, who work in a delivery room and have different lengths of practice. The other group consisted of 6 doulas aged from 40 to 47 years old with experience in accompanying women to give birth. Based on the interviews three main categories and semantic subcategories were identified. The first category called "PA Knowledge about a doula" is elaborated into two subcategories dealing with the reason for presence of doulas in a delivery room and knowledge of PA about education and competencies of doulas. In the second category called "Views on doulas", we set two subcategories and found opinions of midwives on a birth plan and on a cooperation with doulas. In the third category called "Activities of doulas", we formed five sub-categories. This category further elaborates on doulas´ job description, on the decision why the respondents became doulas, on a doula training and skills, focusing on cooperation of a doula with a woman and talking about cooperation of doulas with midwives. The survey showed that the majority of midwives gladly accept the doulas´ presence in a delivery room as they can be really helpful with the care of a mother. Midwives especially welcome the presence of a doula in a delivery room when taking care of more than one mother at a time. However, it is a medical escort of a woman, so it is expected by midwives that the proposed method of childbirth will be respected, the competence of health professionals will not be interfered and mothers will not be influenced by a doula. Work of a midwife and a doula during childbirth is entirely different, so there should be no rivarly. They should complement each other. Under such circumstances of mutual respect, the cooperation is successful. In the research we also found that midwives´ awareness of doula´s education is not great and all the knowledge is limited only to the Internet resources. Eight midwives have read about the competencies of a doula enshrined in the Ethical Code. The thesis results could serve as a source of information for midwives working in a delivery room, especially for the newly hired ones but also for doulas accompanying women to give birth.
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Doula guide of pregnancy, parturition and puerperium
SLÍPKOVÁ, Alena
The Bachelor's Thesis deals with the issue of doulas as companions to women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period. The Thesis is structured into a theoretical part and a research part. The theoretical part defines pregnancy, its origin and development. In addition, it describes the role of a midwife in prenatal counselling and the role of a doula as a woman's companion during pregnancy. It also provides the characteristics of childbirth and the midwife's care for a woman during labour, which is very important for women during such periods, as essential as cooperation between a doula and a woman in labour. We also define the postnatal period, describing the physiological changes in a woman's body during the postpartum period. These changes are involutional and mental. A crucial section of the theoretical part is a chapter dealing with midwives and doulas, explaining some fundamental concepts and mentioning the competences of a midwife. Last but not least, it explains the term "doula" and the establishment of the Czech Association of Doulas. The goal of the Bachelor's Thesis is to determine the impact of a doula on the development of pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period. Two research questions were asked: How does a doula influence a woman's pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal period? How do midwives perceive doulas as women's companions during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period? The research was based on a qualitative method and data were collected in semi-structured interviews. Women were asked 11 predetermined questions, divided into pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period, and 6 questions were given to midwives. The respondents could freely intervene during the interviews and answer on the basis of their own experience with doulas while midwives evaluated the contribution of doulas for their profession. The first research group consisted of five women after childbirth who had used the services of a doula. The other research group was composed of six midwives working in delivery rooms and in gynaecologists' offices. The interviews were conducted with women and midwives permanently residing in the Czech Republic subject to their prior oral and written consent. In the written Request for Consent with Cooperation, the women were informed of the purpose and implementation of data collection, with an emphasis on their anonymity. All of the respondents signed this consent form. The interviews with the women and midwives were conducted in pleasant places chosen by the respondents themselves in March and April 2015. They were recorded on an audio device and then transcribed, analysed and evaluated by means of text highlighting to determine individual matches in the respondents' opinions and experience.
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Doula´s influence with a smooth course of childbirth and with a job of the midwife and of the child´s nurse
BELEŠOVÁ, Romana
Child delivery, as well as death, is a universal experience. It may be the most powerful creative experience, a fraction in the stream of human existence. It may be a celebration of joy and perceived as beautiful and sublime. Child delivery is considered a natural phenomenon leaving deep impression in our minds. Nowadays there is a tendency to the so called natural ways of deliveries. The current trend in maternity hospitals is humanization of obstetrics and delivery in itself. This means that the best way how to spend the period of pregnancy is a good preparation for pregnancy and delivery and the new role of a mother and a father. It is important for the parents to have an active approach to pregnancy from the very beginning, getting information and learning practical skills to the child delivery. It is almost obvious that at the most meaningful event as a child delivery is the father or another close person is present. Besides the closest persons it is a doula who sometimes accompanies the mother. This term denotes a care provider (a guide through the delivery, a companion, an assistant at the delivery) {--} a woman who has basic training on the birth management and knows various nursing procedures. A doula provides emotional support, physical assistance, explains the course of delivery and represents a reliance of ``a friendly presence{\crq}q. To carry out the practical part of the thesis the method of quantitative research was used. The data to confirm or to reject the stated hypotheses were gained through questionnaires distributed from January to March 2009. One type was aimed at mothers and the other was made up for midwives and paediatric nurses. The research set was formed by 110 (100%) female respondents. 42 (38%) of them were mothers form the South Bohemian region, 34 (31%) midwives and 34 (31%) paediatric nurses working in the South Bohemian hospitals, antenatal clinics and paediatric clinics. The research set did not include a large number of respondents since there is not much awareness of the doula issue in public. As each group of female respondents was evaluated separately, the total number of them in each group was considered to be 100%. The objective of the thesis was to find out if mothers are interested in influencing the delivery by a doula, how midwives and paediatric nurses are informed about a doula job description and if the presence of a doula at the delivery is beneficial for the work of midwives and paediatric nurses. All the objectives were accomplished. The first hypothesis assuming the positive evaluation of a doula attendance at the delivery by mothers was confirmed. The second hypothesis, which assumed on the basis of experience gained by practice that midwives are better informed about a doula job responsibility at the delivery, was confirmed. The third hypothesis, which assumed that midwives perceive the presence of a doula at the delivery more positively than paediatric nurses, was also confirmed. The outcomes of the thesis will be beneficial both for mothers pondering over a doula presence at the delivery and for midwives and paediatric nurses who meet doulas accompanying mothers in hospitals and antenatal clinics.
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