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Energy use of biomass
Střecha, Josef ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The main task of this thesis is the research of different types of biomass, description of each technology subsequent to obtaining thermal energy for central sources of heat and the mapping of use biomass in a cogeneration production of electric energy and heat. The first part of this thesis deals with the creation and definition of biomass, chemical and physical properties, basic distribution and showing examples of individual representatives. The next part of this thesis describes various options of energy usage of biomass subsequent to obtaining energy for central sources of heat. The last part is concentrating to individual power units in Czech Republic, which exploiting biomass for cogeneration production electric power and heat.
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Technologies for energy use of biomass
Záviška, Radek ; Škvařil, Jan (referee) ; Moskalík, Jiří (advisor)
The objective of this work is developing retrieval technology of biomass energy. In the introductory part of the work deals with the definition of biomass, including ways of producing machines for the production and transportation. The main part of the thesis deals with the technology converts raw biomass into valuable energy products. Processing takes place in a straightforward manner the thermal and electrical energy or biomass is indirectly evaluates the products of higher quality, which further downstream processing operations. The indirect processes occur valuable usable energy output in transport, buildings, agriculture and many other industries.
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Hodnocení řepné kampaně cukrovaru České Meziříčí
Bašková, Barbora
The bachelor thesis called "Evaluation of the beet campaign of the České Meziříčí sugar refinery" aimed to outline the issue of cultivation and evaluation of the quality of sugar beet. In particular, it focuses on factors affecting the yield and quality of the sugar beet. In the practical part, the results of the beet campaign from 1996 to 2018 were graphi-cally processed and evaluated. From the results it was found that sugar beet is a very sen-sitive crop, which is closely dependent on climatic conditions. If during the vegetation of sugar beet unfavorable or on the contrary favorable climatic conditions occur, decreases or increases of yields and sugar content occur.
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METHODS OF POLY-3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE EXTRACTION AND THEIR OPTIMIZATION
Pospíšilová, Aneta ; Plachá,, Daniela (referee) ; Kowalczuk, Marek (referee) ; Přikryl, Radek (advisor)
Poly-3-hydroxybutyrát (PHB) je biolodegradovatelný a biokompatibilní termoplastický polymer se širokou škálou potenciálních aplikací. Výroba PHB typicky zahrnuje fermentaci obnovitelných surovin bakteriemi. Získávání PHB z bakterií je však často náročné a neefektivní. V této práci jsou zkoumány a porovnány různé metody pro získání PHB, včetně digesce, mechanického rozrušení a extrakce. Jsou diskutovány různé optimalizační strategie, které lze použít ke zlepšení účinnosti izolace PHB. Experimentální a výsledková část popisuje snahy o zlepšení metod izolace, zejména kyselé a mýdlové digesce, které byly vybrány jako potenciálně ekonomické, bezpečné a šetrné k životnímu prostředí. Společně s našimi průmyslovými partnery jsme tyto technologie úspěšně otestovali v čtvrtprovozním měřítku a plánuje se další vývoj. Řešily se také možné aplikace a komercializace PHB. Bylo zjištěno, že PHB může nahradit některé mikroplasty v kosmetice a že toto úsilí má potenciál, protože přítomnost mikroplastů v běžných výrobcích je stále vysoká a na úrovni Evropské unie je plánován jejich zákaz. Dále byla studována tepelná stabilita PHB v závislosti na metodě získávání a byly vyvinuty dvě stabilizační metody, které umožnily použít PHB získaný digescí za použití mýdla v materiálových aplikacích.
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Změny kvality cukrovky během vegetace a možnosti jejich ovlivnění
Chodurová, Martina
One of the aims of the dissertation thesis was to evaluate the dynamics of changes in the sugar beet quality during the growth and development with respect to different agro-ecological conditions on small-plot experiments in the years of 2010 and 2011. The possibilities of foliar nutrition application were proved on yield and technological parameters of sugar beet (digestion, soluble ash, alpha-amino nitrogen). Another objective was to assess the dynamics of yield and changes in the technological quality of sugar beet during the growing season in Central Moravia carried out in the cooperation with the sugar factory called Vrbátky. In the monitoring, the data were evaluated from the years of 2005 - 2011. The monitoring was carried out in the second half of sugar beet growth, as sugar factories normally prove in the country. The conditions for the growth and development of sugar beet and its technological quality were better in the year of 2010 than in 2011. The highest weight of tops was reached with the use of spray fertilizer called Magnitra L for the variants with within small plot experiments. The highest root weight showed sugar beet harvested after the application of Carbonbor K. The highest sugar content proved the tubers after the fertilization with Bortrac. The content of soluble ash was observed after the application of Magnitra L. Dangerous nitrogen content was low in all variants. Sugar beet was mature. In 2011, the highest leaf area of sugar beet was found out using the spray called Carbonbor K. The highest root weight was determined in the variant with Carbonbor K spray. The highest sugar content proved the tubers after the fertilization of Carbonbor K and Carbonbor Na. The content of soluble ash and harmful nitrogen was higher than in 2011. In the monitoring, the following dependences were proved: Weight tops decreased during the vegetation. On the average of the years, a weight lowered from 980 g/plant to 450 g/plant. The root reached from 640 to 900 g /plant as well as sugar content increased from 14, 26 to 15.8 %. Significant differences were found out between the years.
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Dynamika změn kvality cukrovky po mimokořenové výživě a aplikaci pomocných rostlinných přípravků =: The dynamics of changes in the quality of sugar beet after foliar feeding and application of auxiliary plant preparations /
Pechková, Jana
The dissertation with the title The dynamics of changes in the quality of sugar beet after foliar feeding and application of auxiliary plant preparations summarizes the results of field trial carried out in 2012 and 2013. Various paramethers were monitored: changing the quality of sugar beet during the growth, comparison the influence of solid fertilizers and foliar feeding, as well as the application of fungicides. The dynamics of nutrient intake during vegetation was monitored. The obtained data was possible to compared with the results of Hrusovany sugar refinery. The harvest results were then evaluated, including evaluation of qualititave parameters. Finally the monitoring of the accumulation of nutrient intake during vegatetion was carried out, 6 macro and 3 micro elements were monitored. The yield of root was higher for all variant where fertilizers were applied in compared with control variants. The highest yield of root was achieved in both years with using foliar feeding, after application of fertilizer Fertiactyl Starter in combination with nitrogen nutrition.
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An Improvement of Effectiveness of Biogas Plant "Koloměřice"
ČERVENKA, Pavel
The diploma thesis is focused on the topic of an important and working of biogas plants. Literature review is focused on working of biogas plants - their kinds, possible inputs and outputs and naturally processes. The aim of practical part is a research, which is concentrated on quantity and quality of inputs for maintain an optimal running of biogas plant, even in crisis periods (like is lack of harvest in poor year). And also it is focused on profitability poor year against average year.
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Faktory ovlivňující kvalitu cukrovky
Eignerová, Aneta
In a pursuance of a small-scale field experiment was to monitor the impact of extrarooted nutrition as one of the factors which influence the yield and technological quality of sugar beet. In the course of the vegetation was monitored for the growth and development of diabetes and the dynamics of change of its quality. On the basis of the observed results were evaluated by the following parameters - yield bulev, the yield shaw, sugar content, soluble ash, alpha-amino-nitrogen and MB factor. The highest yield of root was recorded after the application of fertilizers Yara Vita Bortrac (127 t/ha). At the time of harvest was the highest yield shaw determined after the application of the product Carbonbor On (39,6 t/ha). The highest sugar content was determined in the two years after the fertilization of the product Carbonbor. In the average of the two years has moved the content of soluble ash in the range of 0,68 - 0,75 %. The lowest was at the variants with the application of Yara Vita Brassitrel and highest in the variant, after the application of fertilizers Carbonbor K. The content of alpha-amino-nitrogen in different years differed, in the year 2012 amounted to the average of the value of 36,7 mg.100 g-1, and in 2013 was 26.3 mg.100 g-1. The highest value of the MB factor was determined for the variants with the application of fertilizers 3 Carbonbor K. Also there has been achieved a favorable value of 27. Most mature sugar beet has been harvested after the application of fertilizers Carbonbor.
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Energy use of biomass
Střecha, Josef ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The main task of this thesis is the research of different types of biomass, description of each technology subsequent to obtaining thermal energy for central sources of heat and the mapping of use biomass in a cogeneration production of electric energy and heat. The first part of this thesis deals with the creation and definition of biomass, chemical and physical properties, basic distribution and showing examples of individual representatives. The next part of this thesis describes various options of energy usage of biomass subsequent to obtaining energy for central sources of heat. The last part is concentrating to individual power units in Czech Republic, which exploiting biomass for cogeneration production electric power and heat.
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