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Demographic behavior of the members of elite groups in the second half of the 19th century
Zvoníková, Iveta ; Velková, Alice (advisor) ; Slováková, Věra (referee)
Demographic behavior of the members of elite groups in the second half of the 19th century Abstract This presented diploma thesis is a probe into the lives of senior civil servants who worked in Bohemia in the second half of the 19th century. And it was during this period that, along with the overall transformation of society, there was also a change in the reproductive behavior of the population, known as the demographic revolution. The goal of the work was to assess the demographic behavior of this selected elite group as comprehensively as possible, based on a sample of data provided from the database of members of parliament in Czech countries. At the same time, the goal of the work was to find out, based on the analyses, whether the individual aspects of the then ongoing demographic revolution manifested themselves among senior civil servants. Senior civil servants were divided into two groups based on the date of their first marriage, and with the help of basic descriptive statistics and more advanced statistical methods, these groups were then compared to identify differences in demographic behavior. The result of the work was the finding that senior civil servants who had their first marriage in the second examined period were influenced by the demographic revolution taking place at that time from...
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Population development in countries with the highest population growth rate
Janovský, Jan ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development in countries with the highest population growth rate Abstract The bachelor thesis focuses on the population development of the countries with the highest population growth rate in the period 1990-2020. The thesis aims to evaluate the population development of the countries with the highest population growth rate. For the selection of countries, an indicator of the crude rate of natural change of population is used, which excludes the influence of migration on population growth. One of the main goals of the work is, based on research, to find the factors that influence the population growth rate, and then evaluate the influence of these factors on selected countries. For the purpose of this work, the states of Mali and Niger were chosen, which rank among the countries with the highest population growth rate. The analytical part is based on data from the United Nations and the Demographic and Health Surveys. The results of this work confirm the third phase of the demographic transition in Mali and Niger, thus confirming the continuation of the reduction of fertility in these countries. According to the analysis of factors affecting total fertility rate, significant differences in the education and wealth of families were found, which were significantly reflected in the demographic...
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Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region
Vávrů, Tereza ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the course of demographic transition in the MENA region, mainly in two selected countries - Iran and Iraq. The course of this demographic transition is evaluated based on the analysis of fertility and mortality. Another aim is to evaluate the possible use of the demographic dividend that may occur in these countries. This is mainly to evaluate the key factors which affect the demographic dividend. First, we analyze the development of the age structure which is crucial for defining the beginning and the length of the period of the demographic dividend. Then comes the analysis of other factors such as health, education and employment of the population.These factors determine whether a country is able to effectively exploit the potential of the demographic dividend. It is obvious that not only the favorable age structure but also properly directed government policy is necessary for the period of demographic dividend. In conclusion we summarize the findings of analysis by which we determine at which stages of demographic transition Iran and Iraq are located. In addition, we approximately define the period of the demographic dividend in these two...
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Population Development of Countries after Demographic Revolution
Vítková, Lucie ; Pavlík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
Lucie Vítková: Populační vývoj zemí po demografické revoluci Abstract The aim of the thesis is an analysis of main features of population development in developed countries and a question whether there is homogeneity of population development. Demographic revolution is a qualitative change from extensive to intensive character of demographic reproduction and it is a subject to modernization. Countries which are understood not only as demographically developed ones but also as economically developed has been taken as an object of this thesis. These countries finished demographic revolution at the latest in the middle of the 20th century. This period has been used as a starting point for most analysis which has been carried out. Demographic reproduction is a process determined by biological and social factors. Human reproduction takes place in relatively stable limits, which lead to its homogenization. The importance of social conditionality has grown during demographic revolution, social aspects are the cause of their development changes and specific features, same social conditions lead to homogenization. Presumption of different features of population development as consequence of different conditions in former Eastern and Western countries has been confirmed not only in individual main demographic indexes...
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Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov)
Bozděch, Lukáš
Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov) Abstract The aim of this study is to analyse reproductive behaviour of population in the Czech lands in the 19th century, a period in which demographic revolution began. The research is based on data from Staňkov, a town in southwestern Bohemia, which, unlike the majority of adjacent region, experienced a substantial industrialization in the 19th century. This resulted in a significant population growth during the analysed period. Family lists were compiled from the registers of births, marriages and deaths using the method of family reconstitution. Nuptiality, marital fertility and infant mortality were the main analysed topics. Population was also divided into groups based on social stratification and these groups were analysed to determine, whether their reproductive behaviour differed from each other. The results from Staňkov were compared to other previously studied localities in the Czech lands. This study revealed that in the 19th century changes in reproductive behaviour within social groups were quite small or negligible. Big changes in nuptiality, fertility or infant mortality in the beginning of demographic revolution can therefore be mainly attributed to the shifts in the social structure of the...
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Demographic revolution in developing countries with a special regards to Africa and Zimbabwe
Muza, Collet ; Pavlík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Pechholdová, Markéta (referee)
The demographic revolution in developing countries and Africa with special regards to Zimbabwe Abstract This dissertation aimed to examine the demographic revolution in developing countries, Africa and Zimbabwe. The decline of mortality and fertility everywhere in the world demonstrates the importance of the demographic revolution as a global process. While this universality was central to classic revolution theory, for many decades, it was questioned by demographers because fertility and mortality in Africa did not seem to follow the expected pathway. In sub-Saharan Africa the demographic revolution has been characterised by lagging, discontinuation and is occurring at a faster pace against low levels of socioeconomic development than observed in Europe, which has consequences for population dynamics. Questions have emerged if Africa is indeed different and a homogenous continent regarding demographic processes? However, empirical studies that have explored the unique demographic revolution starting from developing countries, Africa and Zimbabwe are lacking. The first part of the thesis on developing countries showed variations in the reaction of fertility to mortality decrease with historically small gaps and extended gaps in more recent revolutions, plus the much faster decrease in vital rates in many...
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Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov)
Bozděch, Lukáš ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Velková, Alice (referee)
Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov) Abstract The aim of this study is to analyse reproductive behaviour of population in the Czech lands in the 19th century, a period in which demographic revolution began. The research is based on data from Staňkov, a town in southwestern Bohemia, which, unlike the majority of adjacent region, experienced a substantial industrialization in the 19th century. This resulted in a significant population growth during the analysed period. Family lists were compiled from the registers of births, marriages and deaths using the method of family reconstitution. Nuptiality, marital fertility and infant mortality were the main analysed topics. Population was also divided into groups based on social stratification and these groups were analysed to determine, whether their reproductive behaviour differed from each other. The results from Staňkov were compared to other previously studied localities in the Czech lands. This study revealed that in the 19th century changes in reproductive behaviour within social groups were quite small or negligible. Big changes in nuptiality, fertility or infant mortality in the beginning of demographic revolution can therefore be mainly attributed to the shifts in the social structure of the...
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Porodnost a plodnost obyvatelstva Českej republiky , vývoj a prostorová diferencovanost
SAMEK, Jakub
The bachelor thesis deals with the natality and fertility of the population in the Czech Republic. The primary goal of this work is to explain important definitions and concepts relating to reproduction, further to gather statistical data on development of natality and fertility necessary for elaborating the main part of the work. The main goal of the work is to analyse and evaluate the population´s reproduction rate not only in terms of time, but also from the spatial point of view, on the district and regional levels, and partly on the level of administrative districts. Based on the analyses, a typology of regions according to natality and fertility characteristics is made. The chosen indicators used for the analyses are crude birth rate, total fertility rate, non-marital birth and mean age at child birth. The gained results are presented in the form of cartographic out comes, a graph and tables.
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Vývoj a prostorová diferencovanost přirozeného pohybu obyvatelstva světa
PLACHÝ, Bohumír
This thesis deals with the natural movement of the population of the world. Its aim is to analyze and evaluate the natural growth of the population, both in terms of time and in terms of space, at the level of large regions of the world, continents and countries. From the data obtained the aim is to create a typology of countries around the world based on differences in the processes of natural movement of their inhabitants. Selected indicators used to evaluate are the crude birth rate, death rate and natural increase of the population. The results are presented in graphical form, cartographic and tabular outputs.
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Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region
Vávrů, Tereza ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Process of demographic transition and possible use of demographic dividend in selected countries of the MENA region Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the course of demographic transition in the MENA region, mainly in two selected countries - Iran and Iraq. The course of this demographic transition is evaluated based on the analysis of fertility and mortality. Another aim is to evaluate the possible use of the demographic dividend that may occur in these countries. This is mainly to evaluate the key factors which affect the demographic dividend. First, we analyze the development of the age structure which is crucial for defining the beginning and the length of the period of the demographic dividend. Then comes the analysis of other factors such as health, education and employment of the population.These factors determine whether a country is able to effectively exploit the potential of the demographic dividend. It is obvious that not only the favorable age structure but also properly directed government policy is necessary for the period of demographic dividend. In conclusion we summarize the findings of analysis by which we determine at which stages of demographic transition Iran and Iraq are located. In addition, we approximately define the period of the demographic dividend in these two...
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