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Výživa dojnic v tranzitním období
HAVLÍČEK, David
The bachelor thesis Nutrition of dairy cows in the transition period deals with the nutrition of dairy cows in the peripartum period with emphasis on the prevention of metabolic disorders. The basic feeds used for the nutrition of dairy cows are described from a single-souled perspective. Characteristics of essential nutrients. Phasic nutrition and metabolic disorders caused by poor nutrition. The actual work was based on information obtained from five farms. Information was obtained on feed ration, housing method, feeding technique and incidence of metabolic disorders. From the information obtained, it can be said that most of the selected farms choose the right methods and practices in feeding dairy cows in transit. However, deficiencies were found in two holdings based on a lack of knowledge of the nutrient composition of the feed and in one case an unbalanced ration. There are no serious problems related to metabolic disorders in any of the selected holdings.
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Vliv vybraných parametrů chovatelského prostředí na tučnost mléka holštýnských dojnic
Stoklas, Josef
The aim of this thesis was to find out what effect the selected breeding parameters have on the milk fat content of dairy cows. The experiment took place troughout the whole year (from November 2018 to November 2019). Observations were conducted once a month. A total of 160 dairy cows were evaulated and all of them were in the stable with loose litter boxes. Dairy cows were compared at the top and at the end of lactation. The basic life manifestations frequencies of dairy cows were evaluated. These life manifestations did not change during the lactation in the monitored groups. As far as life manifestations are concerned then monitored dairy cows were mostly lying (from 60 %) regardless of the lactation stage. When they were lying down they preferred left side of the body, the difference was 0,5 %. Significant differences were found in milk components of the milk. Significant difference was also in fatness, dairy cows at the top of lactation had 3,86 % of fat and dairy cows at the end of lactation had 4,56 % of fat. The difference was also in the seperated feed. At peak lactation on the upper sieve remained just 4,6 % and at the end remained 18,1 % of feed.
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Vybrané vlivy na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic
MICHÁLKOVÁ SUDOVÁ, Klára
The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of selected effects on the milk yield of dairy cows of the monitored herd of Holstein cattle. Evaluation and data collection It took place in the Miller farm in Svrkyně. The performance control data were subsequently processed and statistically evaluated.
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Detekce onemocnění paznehtů dojnic pomocí infračervené termografie
KLÍMA, Denis
The diploma thesis is focused on the use of modern technologies, specifically infrared thermography in dairy farming. The work primarily focuses on the detection of hoof diseases of dairy cows, their early diagnosis and the initiation of adequate treatment. The methodology evaluates the potential and usefulness of infrared thermography as a noninvasive tool for rapid examination of the most common diseases of dairy cows, especially in the hoof area. Also the work primarily focuses on digital dermatitis, which is the most extensive in this area. The weakness of cattle, especially dairy cows, is a worldwide problem and lameness is one of the most common causes of dairy cows being weaned. Hoof problems and diseases have a negative impact on animal health and welfare, which can affect farms. Prevention and early diagnosis of lameness should prevent the development of the disease and the consequent high costs of treatment. The literature section describes the most common causes of infectious and noninfectious diseases, prevention and diagnosis by infrared thermography (thermal imaging). Susceptibility to the disease is primarily affected by the quality of the horn. The quality of the horn is affected by internal and external conditions, such as hygiene, nutrition, hormonal changes during calving and lactation, the age of the animal or genetic predisposition. The next part of this review summarizes the basic principles and possibilities of using infrared thermography in the early detection of disease in dairy cows.
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Optimalizace výživy a krmení v chovu dojeného skotu
ŠENKYPL, Petr
This master thesis focuses on factors affecting the quality of the diet in dairy cows and its relation with milk production. On the analysed farm breeding Holstein cattle, the feed rations are evaluated in terms of diet composition and optimal supply of energy and nutrients for milk production. The diet composition during the followed period and its optimisation, diet analyses and metabolic tests of the cattle are evaluated in this work.
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Analýza vztahu mezi onemocněním paznehtů a mléčnou užitkovostí dojnic českého strakatého skotu ve vybraném chovu
BUREŠOVÁ, Michaela
The content of this diploma thesis was the analysis of dairy cows' limb disorder in the relationship with milk yield, finding the cause of the disorder origin and possi-bilities of its treatment. In the watched breeding there were evaluated 167 dairy cows of Czech Simmen-tal cattle suffering acute disease of cloven hooves. The analysis in the enterprise las-ted from January to September 2020. Within eight curative cycles takes place a treatment of limping dairy cows' cloven hooves. Monitored parameters were milk yield (kg of milk), content of protein (%), fat (%) and somatic cells. With increasing limping of dairy cows comes to a decrease in milk yield up to 5 kg milk per a dairy cow and a day. The most frequent disease of cloven hooves was abscess (47%). The second most frequent disease was dermatitis (30%). To other diseases belongs necrobacillosis, laminitis, cleft and mechanical injury of dairy cow limbs. The most afflicted were hind limbs (82%). As a consequence of disease of cloven hooves were removed 2 % of dairy cows.
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Analysis of milk yield in a selected herd of dairy cattle
PAVLÍKOVÁ, Gabriela
The aim of this work was to prepare a literature review of the milk yield of dairy cows and especially about the indicators and main factors that affect it. In the practical part, the aim was to evaluate the milk yield in a selected herd of dairy cattle and to draw conclusions and recommendations from the results.
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Fázová výživa dojnic
URSOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor thesis is focused on the phase nutrition of dairy cows, ie nutrition in the meantime. It points out the critical phases of the transit period and early lactation, when the feed ration changes significantly and the transition from low-energy to energy feed. First, the individual nutrients of the feed are introduced, their importance and need are given. Furthermore, the phases of the intervening period, their specifics and nutritional requirements are described. This work also deals with the composition of feed rations from individual components and the appropriate use in individual periods.
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Technická řešení pro měření nádoje a kvality dojeného mléka
HUCEK, Jiří
The literary researcg deals with technical solutions for automated "in-line" measurement of milk yield and milk quality control from dairy cows. The motivation for research and development activities in this area is to improve the welfare and the health status of dairy cows, to ensure the safety of final products and increase their quality for the end consumer. The applications of systems above helps to increase the competitiveness of dairy farmers as well as product processors. In order to achieve health and fine quality milk, is necessary to comply with a number of hygienic measures, but also to follow zootechnical principles of breeding. The introductory part is devoted to the definition of milk and its composition (proteins, milk fat and vitamins). The following are physico-chemical parameters of milk, such as the electrical conductivity of milk, the number of somatic cells, the content of the urea, the fat content, the protein content, the residues of inhibitory substances and the lactose content. Futhermore, it is focused on factors that affect the milk quality. This chapter define nutrition, housing technology, sanitation of milking equipment, the influence of the breed on milk parameters and the health status of dairy cows. The methods used for milk analysis are describes below. Among of selected methods are the analysis of the milk conductivity, optical analysis and differential test for milk leukocytes. The last part deals with ICAR organization and it's regulations on the use of instruments to measure the milk yield. Then individual devices certified by ICAR for milk yield measuring are described.
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Some factors affecting milk somatic cell count
ŠPIKLOVÁ, Hana
The aim of this thesis was to compare somatic cells count (SCC) in milk depending on certain factors (month, milk system, lactation). Besides of SCC, also other parameters of milk quality were monitored. Milk sampling took place for 11 weeks in 2017 and samples were taken from 15 milked cows of the Czech Simmental breed. During the milk sampling were used two different parameters of pulsation. Pulsation adjustment significantly shortened the time of milking from 7,34 minutes in average to 6,19 minutes in average (P<0,001). After pulsation adjustment the SCC decreased from 188,000/ml to 154,000/ml as well, however, differences were not statistically significant. Concerning other factors the SCC was mostly affected by the number of lactation (P<0.01), primiparous cows had significantly lower values of the SCC (45,000/ml) that multiparous cows (237,000/ml).
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