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Analýza příčin vyřazování a vlivů na dlouhověkost dojnic ve vybraném chovu holštýnského skotu
JANOUŠKOVÁ, Marie
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the causes of culling of Holstein dairy cows from a particular farm. The main aim of the thesis is to analyse the individual causes of culling and their frequency in the breed. The monitoring took place at the DZV Nova a.s. company in the VKK Petrovice stable of the Agrofert holding, between 2020 and 2022. According to the culling code list, in which the individual causes of discarding are listed, the frequency of these individual causes was analysed. The most common reasons for culling dairy cows in the VKK Petrovice stable include culling due to mammary gland diseases, fertility disorders, and recently dairy cows have also been discarded in large numbers due to unsuitability for a robotic milking parlour. The measures consist of mastitis prevention management, monitoring the health of dairy cows, balancing the feed ration in critical periods of the reproductive cycle and lactation phases, and a breeding program.
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Causes of culling the herd of utility cows
STEJSKAL, Petr
This Bachelor thesis analyzes the causes of culling the Czech Spotted Cattle dairy cows on Velka Chyska farm. Detection of the most frequent cases of culling represents a very important information source for breeders, because the health state is one of the indivisible parts of a successful breeding. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the main causes of cow culling in separate seasons and divide the cows that were culled into two groups according to the blood share of Czech Spotted Cattle and Red Holstein Cattle. A service period, insemination interval, interim, usefulness during lactation, standardized lactation, one hundred days of the lactation and content of the proteins and fat in milk were monitored among the culled dairy cows. Consecutively, a comparison of these two groups was performed. The data were acquired from GEA Dairy plan program, from files of the culled animals and from the lactation cards of the dairy cows. A group of dairy cows of 453 heads was monitored. During one year (from 1.9.2012 to 31.8.2013) the breeders set aside 130 dairy cows. In the group C 60 - 85% and R 40 - 15% (group C), 305 dairy cows were monitored (96 were culled). The most frequent cause of culling was a malfunction of reproduction (26%) and postpartum period problems (21%). The group R 60 - 85% and C 40 - 15% (group R) consisted of 148 dairy cows (34 were culled) and the most frequent causes of this were hoof diseases (29%) and malfunction of reproduction (26%). The culling was done mostly in spring and in summer. On the basis of the results and their analysis, conclusions were made for breeders´ practice and recommendations for operational interventions in breeding. Resultant rate of culling 28,7% is in correspondence with breeders´ objectives, which annually make cow culling to 30% out of total number of dairy cows. The reasons of culling are mostly in correspondence with the results of the usefulness check in the Czech Republic.
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Breeding of Normande cattle in Czech republic
KABÁTKOVÁ, Zdenka
The aim of this diploma work was to review the current state of breeding of Normande cattle in Czech republic. The reason for introducing the breeding of this cattle is some of its qualities. The most important of these include a higher percentage of casein in milk as well as good conversion of nutrients from the bulk feed and meat quality. Monitoring of cattle took place in four separate farms in years 2005 - 2009. There was created basic monitored group from pure Normande breed. Control groups were from pure Holstein dairy cattle, Czech Spotted dairy cattle. Fertility evaluation was done by following four indicators: age at first calving, insemination interval, service period and interlude. Evaluation of efficiency was based on milk production, protein production and content of the milk constituents. Results of fertility show that with the exception of age of first calving (832 days), the breeding goal hasn't been met to Breeders Association of Normande cattle. Value of insemination interval was 88,74 days, value of service period was 134,28 days and value of interlude was evaluated at 462,38 days. When we compare the Normande breed with Holstein breed, milk production of Normande breed is lower about 2025,4 kg, as well as lower protein production about 48,6 kg. Difference between fertility results for both breeds is within statistical discrepancy. In comparison with the Czech Spotted breed, the Normande breed is at least competitive in both indicators: fertility and efficiency as well. Content of milk constituents in Normande cows milk is significantly higher than in the milk of the other two breeds (4,38 to 4,41% of fat, 3,76 to 3,81% of protein, 4,89 to 5,20% of lactose). There was the highest culling (57.4%) in the basic selection of pure Normande dairy cows in comparison to selections of other breeds. The main reason for discarding were the other health reasons.
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