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Alternatives to unconditional imprisonment
Geaney, Irene Sheila ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Říha, Jiří (referee)
The Master's thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of possible alternatives to imprisonment. It is indisputable that incarceration is the most severe penalty that can be applied to law-breakers in the Czech Republic. To use this punitive measure in cases where it might not be appropriate would be in breach of humanitarian principles and of proportionality. For this reason, it is incumbent on states to reflect on how their correctional system might be improved. The main aim of this Master's degree thesis is to examine non- custodial sentences in the Czech Republic and briefly compare them to those in operation in other countries. It also analyses whether the Czech correctional system is satisfactory. The author explores the question of whether an improvement in this area of the penal system would result in a corresponding reduction in the prison-rate. The text focuses on house-arrest, community service orders, suspended sentences, and fines, since they are the most common non-custodial sanctions. The thesis is composed of an introduction, six chapters and a conclusion. The initial two chapters are introductory and define the basic terminology used in the text. The first chapter, which considers the concept of punishment, is subdivided into four parts. Firstly, it describes what punishment...
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Community service punishment and its enforcement
Vitásková, Lenka ; Herczeg, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
The title of the thesis is "The Community Service Punishment and the Execution Thereof". It analyses the alternative community service punishment not only as governed by Czech legal system, but also as covered by legal regulation of this type of punishment in other states. The thesis further describes the relation of the community service punishment to other forms of alternative punishment which are applicable under the Czech legal system and its significance therein. It also covers the topic of the community service punishment according to the doctrine of restorative justice. The thesis includes a brief history of the community service punishment regulation since the middle ages up to nowadays. The goal of the thesis consists in thorough study of the substantive and procedural regulation of the community service punishment not only as set forth by the new Criminal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code, but also as set forth by implementing laws, like e.g. the Probation and Mediation Service Law. The thesis further analyses the execution of the community service punishment as seen from the point of view of all respective actors involved. The thesis comprises eleven chapters. One of the main chapters deals with the de lege ferenda consideration. In cooperation with a Probation and Mediation Service...
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Community Care about People with Mental Disorder
BEJBLOVÁ, Tereza
This thesis focuses on a community care of people with a mental disorder. The topic of the bachelor thesis deals with social workers and organizations who provide this care and people who use it. The aim of this thesis is to map the social and health services for people with mental disorder including its continuity and to create a concept of these services for people above 18 years of age and above in the district of České Budějovice according to the development plan of social services České Budějovice. I focused on the types of services which are in district of České Budějovice and its linking and the function of community care within. This information was focused on mainly in the practical part of the thesis. In the theoretical part, I focused on the meaning of community service, the development and focus, next subjects were mental disorders and its typology and the quality of the patients lives. The file was worked out by a quantitative research method, using survey questionnaires and half-standardized interview with informants. Informants were chosen by purpose quota choice. The evaluation was classified by cluster method and the diagrams, graphs, charts were made and based on the information I had obtained and subsequently described. The solution provides a detailed overview of frequency and linking of the organizations in the district of České Budějovice. This overview contains processed health and social services which the mentally disordered people are provided by. I focused on an importance of the role of a social worker in my research and I broke it down and typified it in the charts. I also created a SWOT analysis of a community service, its strong and weak sides and also opportunities and risks based on all data obtained from informants. The output of the research is a lack of health services for people with mental disorder and a huge scale of social services. Next finding was that the organizations enquired have provided these services for a long time and they have been cooperating together. The system is tight and the climate is very positive.
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Active employment policy in South Bohemian Region
BOUCKÁ, Petra
This thesis focuses on the issue of active employment policy as a tool to improve the situation on the labor market. The aim of this thesis is characterize the individual instruments of active employment policy in the South Bohemian Region and propose recommendations, which may lead to its improved interaction. In addition to the active employment policy work focuses on the seriousness of the situation in the application of risk groups in the labor market. Based on the results of the investigation are suggested appropriate measures that would lead to greater efficiency in the application of these tools.
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Providers of Community Service Possibilities in Tábor Region
PEJŠOVÁ, Martina
The work deals with potential providers for execution of punishment by means of community service in Tábor region. It is a possibility of newly arisen providers in neighbouring municipalities of the town of Tábor, which are not registered at PMS CR. The theoretical part describes history of alternative punishments which is where the punishment of community works belongs to. In brief there are characteristics of Probation and Mediation Service and its objectives. Further it involves pertinences and activities of the PMS worker during his/her work with the client both before and after the court decision. The work also mentions health protection of persons serving their sentence. The theoretical part is concluded with the chapter about currently arising providers for execution of punishment by means of community services and things like how to find out which municipalities and towns are at the register, what they have to do to become providers and what pertinences they have to follow and how to cooperate with the legal client. The practical part contains analysis at the non-registered municipalities in Tábor region, their possibilities to provide execution of punishment by means of community services. Further there are particularities concerning the selection of a person who could be granted with the possibility to be provided with this in their community. The result is a kind of profile of a convenient person for providing the execution of punishment by means of community services. Majority of the newly addressed municipalities would be willing to provide the person with the chance to execute the punishment. They would prefer a manually skilful Czech citizen ? a middle aged man between thirty and fifty. At the same time they would also enable the execution of the punishment to juvenile people in most cases. On the other hand people with any kind of addiction would not have many chances as well as people who should be recommended to execute the work at weekends. With the exception of winter season all the others had similar representation. In most cases municipalities would be willing to establish contacts with the Probation and Mediation Service. In connection with the declaration of the partial amnesty in January this year almost all municipalities mean that it affected the execution of punishment by means of community service but rather negatively.
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The share of municipalities in addressing unemployment in the region
KŘENEK, Josef
The importance of municipalities in dealing with unemployment is increasing at present, along with the change of powers in regional self-governing units. Unemployment poses a serious social and economic problem. Unemployment may be dealt with by means of instruments of an active employment policy. Municipalities may use community service and public service as instruments of active employment policies to lower the number of the unemployed in their territories. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the opinions of how unemployment should in the region be dealt with by means of community service and public service as instruments of active employment policy and public service. The thesis was divided into a theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part of the thesis explains concepts concerning these questions including relates themes. To achieve my objective and to verify the hypotheses set I used the quantitative research, in particular questionnaire investigation in the municipalities in the region of České Budějovice. The hypothesis ?Most municipalities use community service to lower their own personnel expenses? was not confirmed, and the hypothesis ?Municipalities consider public service as a possibility to increase the income of their citizens in material poverty? was not confirmed either. This bachelor thesis may provide the Labour Office of the Czech Republic - Regional Branch in České Budějovice with a feedback about the use of community service and public service.
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Imposing the Punishment of Community Services by the Courts of Pilsen region
ŠIDLOVÁ, Kateřina
The objective of this diploma work was to map completely the various aspects of the community service punishment using the legal regulations applicable at the time of working on this paper as compared to the adopted Penal Code that came into force on 1 January 2010. The data collection and the set hypothesis verification in the theoretical part of the paper were carried out using a quantitative research, the method of document analysis, the technique of secondary data analysis. The qualitative part of the research used the method of questioning, the technique of standardized interview. Interviews were carried out with law court staff and probation staff during April 2010. Based on these interviews, we obtained the opinions of the professional staff of the adoption of the new Penal Code, in particular with regard to the changes this new code brings to the punishment of community service. The research has shown that the imposition of the community service punishment by the law courts in the Pilsen region does not drop {--} it still remains on the level of about 19.3 % of the total number of condemned in criminal cases. According to the interviews with judges, senior law officers and probation staff it has been found out, that the new Penal Code could facilitate the feasibility of the community service punishment with regard to mandatory preliminary negotiation, lowering the upper limit of the community service punishment length and toughening the transformation of the community service punishment. Unfortunately, even a perfect legal regulation cannot guarantee a proper function of the entire system. What is essential is the cooperation of all the bodies concerned, the correct application of legal regulations and, last but not least, the attitude of the society. We hope that the paper will serve not only as instruction material but it will be possible to use it to provide information to laic as well as professional public.
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Instruments of active labour-market policy
VYDRA, Arnošt
In my graduation theses I was trying to clear up the role of separate instruments of active employment rate politics in fights against unemployment and sum up, if the application of these instruments in use leads to reducing of unemployment. At first, I described particular instruments of active employment rate politics in general, including their legal regulations and in the second part I made an analysis of the instruments APZ in area of České Budějovice. There is several ways how to reduce unemployment. In my opinion the most important is targeted and consequential pursuance of active employment rate politics, whose part is consultancy, prevention and checking. Further, to make more attractive required study fields and creation special programmes for risk groups.
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Evaluation of community service from the viewpoint of employers
BLAŽKOVÁ, Veronika
Unemployment, particularly if long-term, represents a serious economic and social problem, which brings along negative effects on the unemployed individual, his/her family and the society as a whole. This unfavorable situation may be addressed by a pro-active employment policy through its tools. One of the tools is the community service. I have selected Evaluation of community service from the viewpoint of employers as the subject of my thesis as it is very topical and it has not been explored by student works at our faculty. The objective of the thesis was to map opinions of employers about community service as one of the tools of the pro-active employment policy. Another objective of the thesis was to compare different levels of unemployment in the regions of České Budějovice and Havlíčkův Brod. In the theoretical part I focused on the national employment policy and on the community service in detail. Further, I covered the significance of work for the individual, unemployment and its economic and social consequences. In order to achieve the outlined objective and to confirm the set hypotheses I used a quantitative research, specifically a questionnaire survey among selected employers in the regions of České Budějovice and Havlíčkův Brod. As a complementary method I performed a secondary analysis of the data. The hypothesis ``Community service may help to find prospective employment for problem categories of job applicants `` has been confirmed; the hypothesis ``Community service is used more in regions with a poor situation on the labor market `` has not been confirmed. The thesis proposes potential solutions of problems and shortcomings, based on the evaluation of community service from the viewpoint of employers. The conclusions of the thesis may also serve as a feedback for Employment Offices as the administrative authorities that conclude agreements with employers about creation of jobs in community services and provide financial contributions to the employers for such jobs within the pro-active employment policy.
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Infant's Maintenance
RZESZUTKOVÁ, Lenka
Bachelor's thesis deals with the maintenance tasks, and in particular the maintenance obligations between parents and children. The theoretical part describes the formation, range and amount of maintenance, there are given steps in the event of non-maintenance obligations. Another part is dedicated to recovery maintenance from filing complaint, deductions from wages up to the execution of penalty of non-maintenance obligations. At the end of the work I am writing abou the community service. The role of probation and mediation services and the supervision of probation officer. In inclosures I illustrate patterns of the models relating to the setting, editing and changing the amount of maintenance and also a pattern of complaint for failure maintenance obligations.
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