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Bacterial toxins acting on biological membranes
 Benešová, Anna ; Fišer, Radovan (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
Colicin E1 is a bacterial toxin, which has been researched for a long time and belongs to a group of pore-forming colicins. Pore-forming colicins act on cytoplasmic membranes of sensitive cells. They form ionophoric channels, which can depolarize the membrane and kill the cell. Colicins in general can be considered as a tool used by related bacterial strains of Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae to compete for resources. Recently, a hypothesis emerged that colicin E1 is not a tool for killing related bacterial strains but rather a tool for killing human cells by uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. So far, colicin E1 was described inaccurately, together with its different sequence variant - newly described colicin E11. Colicin E11 could have evolved as a weapon against other bacteria of gut microbiota. The aim of this thesis was to compare the pore-forming abilities of colicins E1 and E11 by measurements on planar lipid membranes and liposomes of various lipid compositions. Based on results it seems that both colicins form channels of comparable conductance and they are both mildly cation-selective. Measurements on liposomes showed higher activity for colicin E1 compared to colicin E11 on membranes mimicking both mammalian and Gram-negative bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Results...
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