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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Oswald, Sascha (referee)
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Modelling dependence of chlorinated hydrocarbons biodegradation on changes of temperature and redox conditions in ATES sytems
Havlíková, Barbora ; Mls, Jiří (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
The Aquifer Thermal energy Storage (ATES) system is one of the most important techniques, that use the aquifer as an energy storage for heating and cooling the buildings. The operation of the ATES system is based on pumping the cold ground water into the buildings during the summer and then injecting the warmer water back into the aquifer. During the winter, the direction is reversed. Warm water is pumped to the buildings, where it serves for the heating system and then it is injected back into the aquifer. The ATES system has a main effect on the chemical composition of ground water, because of changes in the temperature of ground water, mixing of water from different redox zone and increasing of ground water flow in the neighbourhood of the wells of the ATES system. The modification in chemical composition and temperature could influence the behaviour of contaminants. If we want to install the ATES system into a contaminated aquifer, we have to know, if the ATES system would influence the behaviour of the contaminant plume positively or negatively. This study was made to increase the understanding of the dependence between changes of temperature and oxidation-reduction conditions in the ATES system and biodegradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. In the first part, several scenarios were modelled...
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Oswald, Sascha (referee)
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Combined methods Remediation of groundwater by combination of sodium lactate and zero valent nanoiron
Stejskal, Vojtěch ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Černík, Miroslav (referee)
Vojtěch Stejskal - Diplomová práce 2014 - Přírodovědecká fakulta UK v Praze 4 ABSTRACT The thesis describes pilot applications of combined method - combination of sodium lactate and nanoparticles of zero-valent iron and their synergic effect. Two applications of combined method are described onto two geologically different sites - in Rožmitál pod Třemšínem and Spolchemie in Ústí nad Labem. First site is contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls; contamination is situated in hydraulically well conducted porous media formed by weathered granodiorite. Main contaminants of Spolchemie site are trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, contamination is situated in geologically heterogenous quaternary terrace of Bílina river. Effects of combined method on two different sites were compared and recommendations and conclusions were done. Part of the thesis is research of scientific articles and literature on topics: polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated ethylenes, in situ chemical reduction by sodium lactate and nanoiron, natural conditions of both sites, history of sites. In the thesis are also processed and evaluated results of geophysical investigation, changes of groundwater level and results of groundwater monitoring in view of the application of combined method on both sites.
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Modelling dependence of chlorinated hydrocarbons biodegradation on changes of temperature and redox conditions in ATES sytems
Havlíková, Barbora ; Mls, Jiří (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
The Aquifer Thermal energy Storage (ATES) system is one of the most important techniques, that use the aquifer as an energy storage for heating and cooling the buildings. The operation of the ATES system is based on pumping the cold ground water into the buildings during the summer and then injecting the warmer water back into the aquifer. During the winter, the direction is reversed. Warm water is pumped to the buildings, where it serves for the heating system and then it is injected back into the aquifer. The ATES system has a main effect on the chemical composition of ground water, because of changes in the temperature of ground water, mixing of water from different redox zone and increasing of ground water flow in the neighbourhood of the wells of the ATES system. The modification in chemical composition and temperature could influence the behaviour of contaminants. If we want to install the ATES system into a contaminated aquifer, we have to know, if the ATES system would influence the behaviour of the contaminant plume positively or negatively. This study was made to increase the understanding of the dependence between changes of temperature and oxidation-reduction conditions in the ATES system and biodegradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. In the first part, several scenarios were modelled...
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Groundwater flow and highly permeable zones in aquifers of eastern part of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin based on Litá area and surroundings
Lachman, Vladimír ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Vysoká, Helena (referee)
7 Abstract Groundwater flow and highly permeable zones in aquifers of eastern part of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin based on Litá area and surroundings In my thesis I deal with the character of highy permeable zones in marlstones and calcitic sandstones in east-bohemian synclines of the Czech Cretaceous Basin. My chosen area lies southwest of Nové M�sto nad Metují and within it lies Litá area, an important source of groundwater for Hradec Králové region. Groundwater in the area was contaminated in the 80's by chlorinated hydrocarbons. Based on a detailed field sampling of 23 boreholes and 4 sites of surface water performed in 2008 and on archival data on contaminant concentrations, I evaluate the character and relationships of groundwater from the boreholes. I grouped boreholes according to their chemical properties. In the second part of my thesis, I perform the analysis of the influence of faults on groundwater flow in a larger area of east-bohemian synclines. Results show that most yielding boreholes lie between fractures, not near them, which suggests the impermeable role of fractures. From available information I then try to answer the question of highly permeable zones of preferential groundwater flow. Based on the observed flow velocity,...
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