|
|
Readiness of individual members of selected fire protection units for managing industrial chemical accidents
NĚMCOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis offers an analysis and evaluation of the knowledge of individual members of selected fire departments when responding to industrial chemical accidents. Since this issue affects most of the Czech Republic, the thesis is not focused on any particular region. The theoretical part provides an introduction to the issue. First of all, it deals with chemical accidents in general, their causes and manifestations, followed by the toxicology of selected industrial chemicals and a simple list of the provisions of Act No. 224/2015 Coll., on the prevention of major accidents. The subsequent passage of the theoretical part concerns fire departments, primarily those targeted in the practical part of the work. This presented here are their activities during various types of responses, in particular to chemical accidents. Also included is a list of the activities of departments set up to respond to accidents with hazardous substances. The last part of the theory talks about the basics of physical protection against chemicals and decontamination. The aim of the thesis is to compare the results of the research with general procedures and requirements. The practical part of this bachelor thesis consists of the research itself and a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire is mainly designed to map out the knowledge of the individual respondents. The questions are mainly based on the Fire Fighting Code of the fire departments and the related Performance Regulations of corporate fire departments, volunteer municipal fire departments and volunteer fire brigades of companies. The questions were chosen to cover what I consider to be the core issues. The results of the research have been presented graphically and all questions discussed individually.
|
|
|
Knowledge of the Principles of Public Behaviour in Emergencies among Ninth Grade Pupils of Primary Schools in Prague and Litoměřice
Reiser, Jan ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: Knowledge of the Principles of Public Behaviour in Emergencies among Ninth Grade Pupils of Primary Schools in Prague and Litoměřice Objectives: The diploma thesis aims to determine level of knowledge of principles of public behaviour in emergencies among ninth grade pupils in Prague and Litoměřice, specifically floods, chemical accident, fires and storms. Methods: compilation, survey questionnaire, analysis Results: Knowledge of the Principles of Public Behaviour in Emergencies among Ninth Grade Pupils were above average. Success rate of right answers was detected at 76 %. The knowledge of this specific field is sufficient due to overview teaching. At only three questions the answers did not exceed 50 %. As a weak spots can be indicated knowledge about general warning and principles during chamical accident. In comparation Litoměřice had better results by two percentage points than Prague. Men did less wrong answers than women by 4 %. Keywords: flood, fire, chemical accident, storm, evacuation, questionnaire
|
|
|
The preparedness of selected company and his employees in Tabor District for the release of chemical substance from the operation
NOVOTNÁ, Karolína
The bachelor thesis describes the issue of preparedness of selected company and its employees for leakage of chemicals from operation. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of the selected enterprise, the actual chemical accident that occurred in the selected enterprise, legislation related to the topic of work, the behavior of residents in the event of a dangerous chemical leakage, staff training and terms such as chemical accident, emergency planning, fire evacuation plan are explained here. The aim of the work was to evaluate the readiness of the selected company and its employees in the Tábor district for leakage of chemicals from operation. Employee preparedness was evaluated by means of a questionnaire survey, the preparedness of the company by comparing the applicable legislation with internal documents. The research question was formulated as: "What is the real preparedness of the company for leakage of chemicals from operation?" During the research it was found out that the selected company had prepared internal documents in accordance with the valid legislation and by means of a questionnaire survey it was found that its employees are well prepared for leakage of chemicals. So the real preparedness of the company is good. The methodology of the work describes how research was conducted among randomly selected respondents. Despite good preparedness, it was found that all respondents would not behave correctly when a dangerous chemical leaked out of operation, and not all employees were trained in regular fire protection intervals. The results of this work will be provided to the selected company for the purpose of assessing preparedness for leakage of chemicals from operation.
|
|
|
Simulated chemical accident associated with the release of phosgene
NOVÁK, Jan
The thesis entitled "Simulated Chemical Accident Associated with Phosgene Leak" focuses on the issue of disasters in general and specifically on chemical disasters associated with leakage of dangerous chemicals. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into four subchapters. The first subchapter deals with accidents in general, and the classification thereof into natural and anthropogenic contingencies. The subject of the second chapter deals with specification of accidents that occur in the chemical industry. A special focus is given to causes of chemical accidents, among which there are anthropogenic (human factor) and technical causes as well as working conditions and organization of work. As regards classification, chemical accidents are divided into chemical accidents associated with leakage of dangerous chemicals, further accidents with leakage of radioactive substances and those involving oil leaks. With regard to the topic of the thesis, the third subchapter specifically focuses on characteristics of chemical accidents associated with leakage of dangerous chemicals. This is the key part of the theoretical basis of the thesis. The subchapter deals with causes, classification, development, characteristic effects and consequences of such accidents. Factors are also mentioned that affect the spread in the environment of dangerous chemicals leaked as the result of chemical accidents depending on a number of conditions. The fourth subchapter is linked to the preceding chapter in that it provides a brief characteristic of dangerous chemicals. A special focus is given to a comprehensive specification of phosgene. The core of the practical part of the thesis lies in the implementation of research consisting in simulation or modelling of a chemical accident associated with leakage of a selected chemical from a particular chemical plant. For the purpose of modelling phosgene was selected as the dangerous chemical. The company Synthesia, a. s. located in Pardubice, was chosen as the chemical plant in question. The practical part of the thesis aimed at modelling a chemical disaster associated with phosgene leak at Synthesia, a. s. The software tool TerEx, version 2.9.1. was used for simulation. Using this computer program a total of ten contingency scenarios were prepared involving phosgene leaks of different quantities as consequence of a chemical accident at Synthesia, a. s. Another aim of the practical part of the thesis was to assess risks following from the chemical accident. This assessment was made on the basis of the results of the TerEx program in the form of toxic exposure, recommended examination of toxic phosgene concentration within certain distance from the place of leakage, areas of necessary evacuation of the population, and last but not least time dependence of phosgene concentration and accumulated dose within distances of necessary evacuation of the population. The third and also the last aim of the practical part of the thesis was to assess impacts of this potential chemical accident on the health or lives of the population. The results of the modelled chemical accidents involving phosgene leak from Synthesia, a. s. showed that this contingency would especially impact health but not lives of the population. The phosgene concentrations showed only threshold levels (from 10 to 20 mg/m3) that would cause irritation of the eyes and the upper respiratory tract / nasopharynx. Even though the results of the research showed that no serious impacts on the health of the population should occur, the worst possible contingency scenario should always be considered in the event of such chemical accident.
|
|
|
Analýza nového přístupu v implementaci environmentálních systémů řízení průmyslových podniků: Část 6: Analýza způsobů a postupů při společné implementaci zákonů o integrované prevenci a omezování znečištění, chemického zákona, zákona o biocidech a programů EMAS, čistší produkce, bezpečný podnik, pro environmentální systémy řízeni průmyslových podniků
AQUATEST, a.s., Praha ; Výzkumný ústav bezpečnosti práce, Praha
Vývoj environmentálních programů od roku 1970. Systém environmentálního managementu - EMS. Čistší produkce. Bezpečný podnik. Dobrovolné environmentální programy v ČR (EMAS, ISO 14001, Čistší produkce, Bezpečný podnik, REM-CZ). IPPC. Zavádění IPPC a environmentálních programů.
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
