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Emissions from biomass combustion
Ptáček, Pavel ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with production of gaseous emissions from biomass combustion. It describes how emissions arise and how they affect human health and environment. In experimental part of the thesis emissions were measured and compared for different types of fuel in two combustion devices. Emission classes of combustion devices were also determined.
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The survey of selected parameters of the intervention of Fire Rescue Service of Prague in case of carbon monooxide presence
JOB, Lukáš
The association between intoxication by hazardous chemicals and selected parameters response of the Integrated Rescue System is currently a frequently discussed theme. This connection is especially observed where the main source of carbon monoxide poisoning. Fire and Rescue Service of the Czech Republic in cooperation with the Integrated Rescue System units solves a wide range of events every year just with the leakage of carbon monoxide. This gas was, and today still is the cause of much intoxication, especially when using Karma for water heating. That is the reason why this thesis focuses precisely on the investigation of selected parameters response of the Fire and Rescue Service of the capital City of Prague upon the carbon monoxide occurrence. Important factors influencing the progress of the intervention is i.a., knowledge of the toxic effects of this gas and its effects on the human body, but also adequate quantity and quality of the detection devices and protective equipment. This diploma thesis deals with the investigation of selected parameters mentioned above emergency interventions, be subsequently treated by in the period from 2010 to 2014 under the Fire and Rescue Service of the capital City of Prague. The theoretical part describes the hazardous chemical substance (carbon monoxide) in terms of chemical, physical, biological, and also its use. The important part is the detailed description of the intoxication of carbon monoxide in the organism, the degradation of the organism, consequences of poisoning and medical procedures. Further have been also described respiratory protective devices, which are focused on the protective filters. When processing the diploma thesis is also found all events with the release of carbon monoxide in the capital City of Prague territory. These data are based on the statistical monitoring of events that leads and processes Fire and Rescue Service of the capital City of Prague. From statistic of interventions are subsequently searched data on the number of killed, wounded and rescued persons who are within the statistics registered. As comparative parameters are selected data on average daily temperatures and average daily pressures in the capital City of Prague territory. These data are for the period provided by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague subdivision. The diploma thesis is determined and verified hypotheses of influence of the average daily temperature on the frequency of interventions with the presence of carbon monoxide in the capital City of Prague territory in the monitored period, average daily pressures influence on the frequency of interventions with the presence of carbon monoxide in the capital City of Prague territory and affect of the average daily temperature on the average daily pressures. The gained information is comprehensively and detailed processed into tables. The events in tables are divided by years, months. Afterwards it provides a general overview of emergency interventions in the monitored period. The processed data are then statistically examined and evaluated. In the first part is determined statistical unit for the period of five years. The data are also tabulated together with the average temperature and the average pressure and then suitably scaled. Then calculation of the general moments of the first order, standard deviations and correlation analysis follows. The results are compared with prescribed intervals. Based on a comparison of the results with the prescribed intervals is evaluated that the number of events does not correlate with the temperature, so the number of events with a temperature not connected, the number of events is positively correlated with the pressure, which means that the number of events related to the pressure. The temperature correlates positively with the pressure, i.e., these two parameters together, purview within performed examination, related.
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Measurement of of atmospheric pollution
Dohnal, Jan ; Zimáková, Jana (referee) ; Bača, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with methods of measuring air pollution for gaseous substances. It contains a theoretical analysis of various types of pollution. Classification of pollution sources according to several criteria. It focuses on the creation, harm, use of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide associated therewith. Analysis of various methods of detection for both gases.
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Influence of traffic volume and meteorological conditions on the air pollution
Vojtěchová, Ivana ; Kotlík, Josef (referee) ; Adamec,, Vladimír (advisor)
Transport, whose intensity year by year increase, has assuredly influence on air quality. This issue solution will be focused especially on localities burden with transport in urban areas. The contribution of transport to increased values of air pollution will be evaluated with regards to meteorological conditions. Background stations from Czech Hydrometeorological Institute categorization will be chosen such as comparative sites. Pollutants emitted from traffic such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide will be observed except meteorological conditions.
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The database of waste incinerators in Europe
Šaldová, Lenka ; Ručka,, Jan (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe modern technological processing lines MSW incinerators. Describe individual objects and their links with the principle of thermal combustion. Processes described in the process line will be: waste reception, storage and waste materials, waste pretreatment, loading of waste into the process, thermal treatment of waste, energy utilization and conversion, gas cleaning, disposal of residues from flue gas cleaning, gas discharge, monitoring and control emissions , cleaning and inspection of wastewater treatment and disposal of ash (kiln ash), discharge (disposal) of solid residues. In the second part of this database will be set up incinerators occurring in Europe with basic information (address, website, kiln type, number of lines, the amount of waste incinerated, etc.). The developed database will be created graphs for better clarity and comparison. The database will be accompanied by the emission requirements of individual countries according to the applicable domestic and European legislation.
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Pre-hospital emergency care of patients with carbon monoxide intoxication
HAJÍČKOVÁ, Iva
The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of the pre-hospital emergency urgent care for patients poisoned by the carbon monoxide. This issue has been known already for a number of years, but only in the last time it started to be presented more frequently in media. The carbon monoxide is a colourless gas which is not recognizable by senses. It comes into being as a secondary product of the not perfect combustion of the carbonaceous substances. The seriousness of these symptoms depends on the intensity of intoxication. The target of this thesis was to map the issue of treating the client with the suspect of poisoning by carbon monoxide from the viewpoint of the Medical Rescue Service and other components of the Integrated Rescue System. Moreover I verified the knowledge of lay public in connection with the intoxication by carbon monoxide. The research took place in the form of half-managed talks with the medical rescuer and physicians of the Medical Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region. The same research procedure was carried out in the Firemen Corps of the South Bohemian Region. The respondents were asked eight questions finding out how many cases of the carbon monoxide intoxication they encountered in their practice, what the most frequent reasons caused the intoxication and what care was provided to the intoxicated persons. Among the lay public, the knowledge was established by the survey method. Also this research complex consisted of nine respondents, having been addressed accidentally in the schools, during travelling in town, in business centres and during sport events. Most frequently were among the enquired persons: students, also a nurse or deputy director of a company. The respondents answered seven pre-printed questions. The sense of these questions was to find out if at least a small part of the lay public has some idea of the intoxication of the carbon monoxide. If they ever encountered the intoxication by the carbon monoxide, how they would behave in this situation and in what way they would provide the first aid. In both parts of the research, the results are presented in the charts, to have a better survey. In has turned out in the talks concerning the occurrence of the intoxication by the carbon monoxide that the length of practice is not very important, because also the persons working in the branch for a longer time have no such high number of interventions concerning intoxication by the carbon monoxide as some of their colleagues working in practice only several years. Moreover it was established that the most cases of intoxication appeared in connection with geyser and subsequently during fires. The health state of affected persons ranged from the light intoxication up to very heavy intoxication with the subsequent death. Depending on these states, the experts provided the adequate pre-hospital care completed subsequently in the hospital facility. It turned out that although the most respondents were not able to say if the number of intoxications by the carbon monoxide has been increasing or decreasing, their answers are identical in the most cases and indicate that their number has been rather decreasing Concerning the lay public, only a small part of respondents was interviewed and the result of research cannot be quantified. This part of the research has shown that although nobody of the enquired persons encountered the intoxication by the carbon dioxide, the respondents know in the most cases how they should behave in case of the intoxication and in what way the first aid should be provided. The most frequent source of their information of carbon monoxide intoxication and the first aid was the knowledge acquired during studies. Further details concerning the research are specified in more detail in the discussion. The general awareness of people concerning the intoxication is on a good level thanks to education and media.
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