|
|
Identification of cadavers and skeleton findings
Voráčová, Kateřina ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
Abstract/Summary The discovery of a cadaver or skeletal remains (hereinafter the "Remains") raises a number of questions, one of which is the matter of the identity of the remains. The answer to this particular question can be found through forensic identification and utilization of one of the methods thereof. The aim of my thesis is to provide a brief overview of the methods which are currently most commonly used for the purposes of identifying Remains and introduce the reader to their basics, options and limitations. In order to ensure a better understanding of the subject, I have included a section concerning the Remains and the post-mortem changes thereof. In this thesis, I will focus only on those parts of scientific fields, which are relevant for identification of the Remains, and, similarly with respect to information systems, I target only the information being collected and analyzed by such systems in cases of Remains whose identity is not know. In this thesis, I have chosen to proceed from general terms, division of forensic identification, activities being carried out upon the discovery of the Remains, to the individual methods of identification, information system and practical case studies. The thesis is divided into ten chapters. In the first chapter, I address the subject of general terms...
|
|
|
Identification of cadavers and skeleton findings
Voráčová, Kateřina ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
Abstract/Summary The discovery of a cadaver or skeletal remains (hereinafter the "Remains") raises a number of questions, one of which is the matter of the identity of the remains. The answer to this particular question can be found through forensic identification and utilization of one of the methods thereof. The aim of my thesis is to provide a brief overview of the methods which are currently most commonly used for the purposes of identifying Remains and introduce the reader to their basics, options and limitations. In order to ensure a better understanding of the subject, I have included a section concerning the Remains and the post-mortem changes thereof. In this thesis, I will focus only on those parts of scientific fields, which are relevant for identification of the Remains, and, similarly with respect to information systems, I target only the information being collected and analyzed by such systems in cases of Remains whose identity is not know. In this thesis, I have chosen to proceed from general terms, division of forensic identification, activities being carried out upon the discovery of the Remains, to the individual methods of identification, information system and practical case studies. The thesis is divided into ten chapters. In the first chapter, I address the subject of general terms...
|
|
|
Factors affecting the composition of insect communities on carcases of small mammals
Máslo, Petr ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Čížek, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis describes invertebrate community on cadavers of small mammals, in particulat how cadaver size influences abundace, density, species richness and composition of the necrobiont community. Cadaver size preference of present insects is also described. Field experiments were performed in 2014 in meadow habitats in spring, summer and autumn season. Cadavers were chosen in three weight groups: mice (20 g), small rats (100 g) and large rats (400 - 500 g). Invertebrate abundance increases with cadaver mass, density of the community remains constant. Larger cadavers also have higher species richness. Most dominant ecological guild are necrophages, represented mosty by blow flies (Calliphoridae). Cadaver size preference of recorded insects differ, necrophagous and predatory taxa tend to prefer larger cadavers. Omnivorous carrion beetles (Silphidae: Nicrophorus) prefer small cadavers. Sex of the carrion beetles (Silphidae) does not affect their cadaver size preference, males and females of particular species have very similar preferences. Keywords Ephemeral resource patch, cadaver, necrobiont, size, abundace, diversity, competition, insect communities
|
|
| |
|
|
Addressing the mass of animal diseases within the scope of municipalities with extended powers and the district.
PLACEK, Jiří
Mass infections in animals are presently a very common occurrence, as the society faces up to these extraordinary situations more and more frequently. Direct hazards to life, health and property can take place in the case of animal mass infections, mostly however secondary impacts upon the management, economy and psyche of the stock farmers, who can even lose large numbers of animals in a relatively short period, temporarily taking the stock-farming equipment out of service. My thesis deals with solving the issue of the disposal of animal mass infections within the area of municipalities with extended scope of powers. Such activities for particular areas have already been processed in the emergency and crisis plans of the region. Furthermore, I look into various possibilities of animal disposal, as well as the activities of the Integrated Rescue System{\crq}s individual bodies, federal agencies, self-government bodies and legal entities when dealing with such events. One of the possibilities to dispose of infected animals is using the unit for production of non-combustible gas. First designed to put out fires of hay stacks, this unit can be also used to dispose of infected animals, e.g. breeding poultry and piglets. The principle of this method lies in forcing out the oxygen from a closed area by the use of carbon dioxide, or possibly developing carbon monoxide, resulting in the death of the animals. As far as the economic point of view is concerned, this procedure is less demanding, it however requires a thorough sealing off of the area.
|
|
|
Preparation of the dog for action in emergency situation (earthquake, floods, avalanche, searching of explosives)
HONČÍK, Václav
Dogs can be used in many different fields. The rescue of people whose lives or health are endangered belongs to one of the most important ones. Present days, full of natural disasters and terrorist attacks, demand dogs more and more often. The dogs, however, must be educated and trained for lifesaving activities very long. In my work I have both described basic and specific dog trainings. The latter prepares dogs for such activities as looking up for people buried under ruins or avalanche or searching for booby trap systems. As the theme is very wide I have not detailed the whole training, only some exercises which are used in rescue events. The work is based on literature available, professional journals and methodical instructions but also on my own experience with working dog training and professional knowledge gained at seminars or workshops. I have drawn up an overall summary of dog trainings and the techniques how to train dogs in specific disciplines which are used in emergency. The work corresponds to those of other authors.
|
|
|
Facultative scavenging on invertebrate cadavers
FOLTAN, Pavel
The Ph.D. thesis enclosed focuses on various implications of scavenging by generalist predators on invertebrate cadavers. Comparison of the retention time for invertebrate cadavers in the field, with the detection period for decaying slug material in the guts of the predators is presented and indicates that PCR-based techniques are not able to distinguish between predated and scavenged food items. Disappearance rates for invertebrate cadavers in the field, together with generealist predator preference for dead prey were estimated and their implication on survival strategies of entomopathogenic and molluscicidal nematodes in the cadavers is discussed. Two different strategies were investigated and are presentd in the thesis.
|
guest ::
