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The Jurassic belemnites of northern Bohemia - stratigraphy, palaeobiogeography and possible isotope record
Geist, Jan
4 Abstract The work is based on a revision of collection from several scientific institutions from the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Saxony (National Museum in Prague, Chlupáč Museum of Earth History, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, etc.). The collection is based on samples published by Oskar Lenz and George Bruder from the second half of the 19th century. Both authors also processed the findings of other researchers (e.g. Cotta, Weisse). The belemnite rostra were systematically divided into four families, five genera and seven identifiable genera. One rostrum has not exactly been determined. The age of the samples was established to be the Middle and Upper Jurassic (Bajocian- Kimmeridgian). The length of the expected sedimentation in this area has been prolonged to the past (deeper to the Middle Jurassic), mainly due to the finding of the species Megateuthis gigantea Schlotheim, 1820. Earlier research (especially in the 20th century) assumed the extent of preserved carbonate rocks only in the Oxfordian and Kimmeridgian age, with a not much fossiliferous Callovian Brtníky Formation. The studied sedimentary rocks show a significant influence of Milankovich cycles with repeated alternation of carbonate and non- carbonate layers in the sequence. Preliminary results of isotope...
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Biostratigraphical value of the Mediterranean planktic foraminifera.
Škrátek, Matej ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Kopecká, Jitka (referee)
The first part of the work deals with the general biology of planktonic foraminifera, shell morphology, and ecology. The following section concerns the middle Miocene period and its biostratigraphic division into biozones based on planktonic species in subtropical areas and the Mediterranean region. The next part includes a brief overview of chemostratigraphy using strontium and its use in dating. The practical section includes dating methods based on biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy, and their subsequent use in dating samples from southern Spain. The final part summarizes the results of both methods and their interpretation.
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Upper Turonian and lower Coniacian calcareous nannoplankton stratigraphy in the borehole V 800 Střeleč, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
Svobodová, Andrea ; Švábenická, Lilian (advisor) ; Ozdínová, Silvia (referee)
Upper Turonian and Lower Coniacian calcareous nannoplankton stratigraphy in the borehole V 800 Střeleč, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin Number of biostratigraphic studies has been performed within the Upper Cretaceous platform sediments of the NW Europe, however, the problem of Turonian-Coniacan boundary has not yet been satisfactorily resolved using available methods in the field of micropaleontology. The proposed thesis has described the species composition of calcareous nannoplankton assemblages in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, across the Upper Turonian- Lower Coniacian interval, focusing on the stratigraphically and paleoecologically important species. Seventy-three taxa of calcareous nannofossils in the studied material have been determined and signifiant species have been discussed (Marthasterites furcatus, Kamptnerius magnificus, Lucianorhabdus sp., Braarudosphaera sp., Nannoconus sp., Watznaueria barnesae, Uniplanarius gothicus, Quadrum gartneri, Thoracosphaera operculata). For purposes of this thesis, a suitable material from the V 800 Střeleč borehole, one of the key cretaceous profil in the Český ráj area, was obtained.
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Cephalopods and biostratigraphy of North Bohemian Jurassic sediments
Hrbek, Jan ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Ziegler, Václav (referee)
The Jurassic ammonites from the Northern Bohemia has been revised on the base of the material stored in the National Museum in Prague and the Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. 23 species and 19 genera, belonging to 7 families were described on the basis of this systematical revision. This ammonite assemblage indicates a proportional occurence of the Boreal, Tethyan and also cosmopolitan taxa. Stratigraphically important taxa suggest a considerably longer period of sedimentation, predominantly represented by the Upper Jurassic carbonates. This interval may contain up to 9 ammonite zones. A pilot microfacial analysis of carbonates from Peškova stráň area (in Krásná Lípa vicinity) indicates a considerably higher variability of sedimentation area. The presence of micritic carbonates suggests the existence of a widespread areas in the Late Jurassic sea covering the Bohemian Massif. The biostratigraphy and palaeogeography is briefly discussed in the European Late Jurassic context. Key words: ammonites, Upper Jurassic, Northern Bohemia, carbonate sediments, biostratigraphy, palaeogeography
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Planktonic ecosystems of the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous (calcareous nannoplankton, calpionellids)
Svobodová, Andrea ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Skupien, Petr (referee) ; Oszczypko-Ciowes, Marta (referee)
The presented PhD thesis is compiled as a commentary to four published papers, which deal with planktonic assamblages of the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous, namely with calcareous nannofossils and calpionellids. The first part of the dissertation thesis describes the main characteristics of the studied fossil groups with focus on their morphology, palaeoecology, evolution and systematics. The chapter of calcareous nannoplankton gives special attention to the biostratigraphicaly important genus Nannoconus Kampter 1931. Next chapters describe the methods of the laboratory processing of the sediments and the geological settings of the studied areas. The thesis is focused on two areas. At first the selected localities in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, i.e. Upper Turonian and Upper Coniacian, are described. Generally, the Upper Cretaceous platform sediments of the middle European basins are rich in calcareous nannoplankton. These fossils represent important marker for biostratigraphical and palaeoecological interpretations. The second part describes carbonate rocks of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of the Tethyan area. In this case, calcareous nannoplankton and calpionellids are an essential part of the modern multidisciplinary form of the Jurassic- Cretaceous (J/K) boundary interval research....
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Carboniferous flora of the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin and its stratigraphic importance
Bojdová, Lenka ; Opluštil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kvaček, Zlatko (referee)
This thesis provides an overview of the Carboniferous flora in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin and its applications in stratigraphy. The sediments of the Upper Silesian Basin with wetland carboniferous vegetation were deposited for about 10 million years. During this period, the floristic character was varying. According to the associations of species we can divide the filling into the stratigraphical units. The basin includes lycopodiophytes, horsetails, ferns, fern-like plants, cordaites, and ginkophytes. The filling began by the Ostrava formation with paralic basin flora with the leading species Sphenopteris adiantoides. Coal seams alternate with non-coal facies with culm flora. Thanks to the paleogeographic changes and marine transgression, the floristic associations changed. Sk. f. h. Enny is the major borderline between middle and upper floristic zones of the lower Namur, in which culm flora disappeared. After the hiatus, Karvinská formation with the important seam Prokop sediments. The formation is characterized by middle Namurian to the Lower Westphalian plants, without non-coal sections. The Upper Namurian plants are located in the sedlové and sušské layers. In the lower sušské layers the biostratigraphical interface of Namur/Westphal is indicated by Lyginopteris hoeninghausii....
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Foraminifera and Ostracoda as palaeoenvironmental and biostratigraphical indicators in Upper Cretaceous, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
Chroustová, Markéta ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Skupien, Petr (referee) ; Soták, Ján (referee)
This PhD thesis is a commentary to the attached publications. The thesis deals with two microfossil groups Ostracoda and Foraminifera in the Upper Cretaceous of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. Contribution of these microfossils for biostratigraphy and application in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction with the modern approach is the main goal of this work. Basic ecology, biogeography and previous work in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin is included. Studied fossil sites, methods, microfossil preservation and data evaluation are described below. Obtained palaeontological, geochemical and lithological data are interpreted in the context with available data from studied fossil sites. Ostracoda assemblage from Úpohlavy fossil site is correlated with the Ostracoda assemblage from Great Britain. The similarity of the Ostracoda taxa suggests a possible communication of compared areas. Thanks to this work, biostratigraphy occurrence of six Ostracoda species (Cythereloidea stricta, Nemoceratina (Pariceratina) montuosa, Cythereis ornatissima ornatissima, Phodeucythere cuneiformis, Pterygocythereis robusta a Bairdoppilata litorea) is extended to Upper Turonian. Taxonomical changes in studied ostracoda assemblage expressed by PSH hypothesis (Platycopid Signal Hypothesis) support previous palaeoenvironmental...
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The Jurassic belemnites of northern Bohemia - stratigraphy, palaeobiogeography and possible isotope record
Geist, Jan ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Frank, Jiří (referee)
4 Abstract The work is based on a revision of collection from several scientific institutions from the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Saxony (National Museum in Prague, Chlupáč Museum of Earth History, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, etc.). The collection is based on samples published by Oskar Lenz and George Bruder from the second half of the 19th century. Both authors also processed the findings of other researchers (e.g. Cotta, Weisse). The belemnite rostra were systematically divided into four families, five genera and seven identifiable genera. One rostrum has not exactly been determined. The age of the samples was established to be the Middle and Upper Jurassic (Bajocian- Kimmeridgian). The length of the expected sedimentation in this area has been prolonged to the past (deeper to the Middle Jurassic), mainly due to the finding of the species Megateuthis gigantea Schlotheim, 1820. Earlier research (especially in the 20th century) assumed the extent of preserved carbonate rocks only in the Oxfordian and Kimmeridgian age, with a not much fossiliferous Callovian Brtníky Formation. The studied sedimentary rocks show a significant influence of Milankovich cycles with repeated alternation of carbonate and non- carbonate layers in the sequence. Preliminary results of isotope...
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Planktonic ecosystems of the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous (calcareous nannoplankton, calpionellids)
Svobodová, Andrea ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Skupien, Petr (referee) ; Oszczypko-Ciowes, Marta (referee)
The presented PhD thesis is compiled as a commentary to four published papers, which deal with planktonic assamblages of the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous, namely with calcareous nannofossils and calpionellids. The first part of the dissertation thesis describes the main characteristics of the studied fossil groups with focus on their morphology, palaeoecology, evolution and systematics. The chapter of calcareous nannoplankton gives special attention to the biostratigraphicaly important genus Nannoconus Kampter 1931. Next chapters describe the methods of the laboratory processing of the sediments and the geological settings of the studied areas. The thesis is focused on two areas. At first the selected localities in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, i.e. Upper Turonian and Upper Coniacian, are described. Generally, the Upper Cretaceous platform sediments of the middle European basins are rich in calcareous nannoplankton. These fossils represent important marker for biostratigraphical and palaeoecological interpretations. The second part describes carbonate rocks of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of the Tethyan area. In this case, calcareous nannoplankton and calpionellids are an essential part of the modern multidisciplinary form of the Jurassic- Cretaceous (J/K) boundary interval research....
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Carboniferous flora of the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin and its stratigraphic importance
Bojdová, Lenka ; Opluštil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kvaček, Zlatko (referee)
This thesis provides an overview of the Carboniferous flora in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin and its applications in stratigraphy. The sediments of the Upper Silesian Basin with wetland carboniferous vegetation were deposited for about 10 million years. During this period, the floristic character was varying. According to the associations of species we can divide the filling into the stratigraphical units. The basin includes lycopodiophytes, horsetails, ferns, fern-like plants, cordaites, and ginkophytes. The filling began by the Ostrava formation with paralic basin flora with the leading species Sphenopteris adiantoides. Coal seams alternate with non-coal facies with culm flora. Thanks to the paleogeographic changes and marine transgression, the floristic associations changed. Sk. f. h. Enny is the major borderline between middle and upper floristic zones of the lower Namur, in which culm flora disappeared. After the hiatus, Karvinská formation with the important seam Prokop sediments. The formation is characterized by middle Namurian to the Lower Westphalian plants, without non-coal sections. The Upper Namurian plants are located in the sedlové and sušské layers. In the lower sušské layers the biostratigraphical interface of Namur/Westphal is indicated by Lyginopteris hoeninghausii....
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