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Nature-based solutions and biomimicry for urban sustainability and climate change mitigation and adaptation: a case studies analysis
Hreljic, Aziz
This thesis reviews the role of nature-based and biomimetic solutions in improving the dimensions of urban sustainability and their effectiveness in addressing the growing pressures of climate change through mitigation and adaptation. The five case studies conducted on solutions in five cities from five continents suggest that the utilization of nature-based solutions in urban contexts creates benefits for all three dimensions of sustainability, albeit to different extents, despite the lack of policies that purposefully incorporate nature-based and biomimetic solutions in urban infrastructure. The study further revealed a lower level of usage of the solutions in climate change mitigation and adaptation, although there are some mitigation and adaptation co-benefits observed with some solutions. The economic dimension of development is undeniable, and from this perspective, there is still insufficient data that could be used to fully understand the implications and true value of nature-based and biomimetic solutions. This can also be said about quantitative data about the effects of the analyzed nature-based and biomimetic solutions in terms of air purification or energy efficiency. However, there is some data that implies these solutions support both energy efficiency, as well as bring environmental and health benefits to their users. Something that cities can and should do is develop policies that will promote the usage and monitoring of nature-based and biomimetic solutions in urban areas, in order to future-proof their infrastructure and to reap their social and economic benefits.
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